Article
Biology
Allison T. Goldstein, Terrence R. Stanford, Emilio Salinas
Summary: Oculomotor circuits take into consideration exogenous and endogenous influences to complete target selection. In high urgency conditions, the exogenous signal arrives approximately -80 ms after the cue onset, accelerating the incorrect plan towards the cue, while the informed endogenous signal arrives slightly later, favoring the correct plan away from the cue. The exogenous response is largely unaffected by task instructions.
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Brad T. Stilwell, Owen J. Adams, Howard E. Egeth, Nicholas Gaspelin
Summary: Researchers have debated whether salient distractors automatically capture attention. Recent research suggests a potential resolution called the signal suppression hypothesis, which proposes that salient distractors produce a bottom-up signal but can be suppressed. However, this account has been criticized for using weakly salient distractors. This study introduces a psychophysical technique to measure salience and provides evidence that high-contrast singletons are more salient and can be suppressed.
PSYCHONOMIC BULLETIN & REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Shao-Chin Hung, Marisa Carrasco
Summary: Human perceptual learning typically leads to long-term performance improvements. Recent research has shown that eye movements are closely linked to visual perceptual learning, and the changes in eye movements induced by training have long-lasting effects.
PSYCHONOMIC BULLETIN & REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Clayton Hickey, David Acunzo, Jaclyn Dell
Summary: Reward-related activity in the dopaminergic midbrain influences animal behavior by enhancing the perception and attention to reward-predictive environmental stimuli. This study demonstrates that reward-associated real-world objects attract attention but do not capture it, as humans are able to quickly suppress the incentive salience of irrelevant reward-associated objects and shift attention to more useful objects.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yue Guzhang, Natalya Shelchkova, Rania Ezzo, Martina Poletti
Summary: The study found that exogenous attention transiently modulates visual detail in the foveola, enhancing detail discrimination ability at the cued location without extending to nearby locations. On a longer timescale, an inverse effect was observed, with sharper acuity at unattended locations resembling inhibition of return at larger eccentricities.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
V. Javier Traver, Judith Zorio, Luis A. Leiva
Summary: Temporal salience is important in understanding how visual attention varies over time. The proposed method Glimpse provides a simple and conceptually sound way to quantify visual attention over time based on observer's raw gaze data consistency. This method can be useful for downstream tasks such as video segmentation and summarization.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Leonora C. Coppens, Christine E. S. Postema, Anne Schuler, Katharina Scheiter, Tamara van Gog
Summary: Learning to categorize involves attending to relevant features and ignoring irrelevant features, with feature variability across objects aiding in inferring category membership rules. While participants' categorization accuracy improved with practice, their attentional focus did not show improvement. Despite eyes being a salient feature attracting attention, participants gradually learned to ignore them during the learning process.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Psychology, Mathematical
Emilie Ginestet, Sylviane Valdois, Julien Diard
Summary: This paper describes a new computational model of orthographic learning, called BRAID-Learn, which incorporates mechanisms such as visual acuity, lateral interference, and visual attention. The model challenges previous assumptions and suggests that visuo-attentional exploration plays a significant role in orthographic learning, contrary to traditional models that focus solely on phonological recoding.
PSYCHONOMIC BULLETIN & REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emma E. M. Stewart, Casimir J. H. Ludwig, Alexander C. Schuetz
Summary: This study investigates how humans utilize eye movements to select objects for tasks and reveals a complex interplay between task affordance, visual information gathering, and metacognitive decision making.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Seong-Hwan Hwang, Yongsoo Ra, Somang Paeng, Hyoung F. Kim
Summary: A habitual gaze is crucial for efficiently identifying and exploiting valuable objects. Motivational salience plays a significant role in guiding habitual gaze choices, particularly the preference for negatively valued objects. These habitual choices can facilitate re-learning in a simulated value-forgotten condition.
Article
Psychology
Changrun Huang, Jan Theeuwes, Mieke Donk
Summary: The study found that the statistical regularity of the distractor location affects visual selection early on, modulating the time courses associated with both salience-driven and goal-driven selection. These results suggest that statistical learning induces a continuous bias in visual selection beyond salience-driven and goal-driven control.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-HUMAN PERCEPTION AND PERFORMANCE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Mengguo Jing, Kellan Kadooka, John Franchak, Heather L. Kirkorian
Summary: Low-level visual features, such as motion and contrast, can predict eye gaze during video viewing. This study examined the influence of narrative coherence on the relationship between low-level visual salience and eye gaze. The results showed that visual salience was a stronger predictor of gaze in adults compared to children, particularly when viewing a random shot sequence. The impact of narrative coherence on children's gaze was limited to the period surrounding cuts to new video shots.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Ming-Ray Liao, Andy J. Kim, Brian A. Anderson
Summary: Reward learning can guide attention to specific regions in a scene, and this study found that it is supported by neural mechanisms in various brain regions. Participants learned to focus on a high-value quadrant in a scene to maximize monetary gains, and during a subsequent test, they were faster at identifying targets in the high-value quadrant. fMRI analyses revealed learning-dependent priority signals in several brain regions associated with attention and spatial processing. These findings provide new insights into the neural architecture of value-driven attention and expand our understanding of the brain networks involved in this process.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Brian A. Anderson, Lana Mrkonja
Summary: This study found that providing feedback on the frequency of oculomotor capture by salient-but-irrelevant stimuli can significantly reduce the frequency of distractor fixations. Additionally, the feedback group exhibited a higher frequency of relatively slow fixation latencies, which were less prone to capture.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Erica D. Musser, Stephanie S. J. Morris, Kathleen Feeney, Rosario Pintos Lobo, Edward F. Ester
Summary: Inattention is a key symptom of ADHD, but the mechanisms underlying it are unclear. More specific approaches are needed to link disruptions in cognitive performance with ADHD behaviors. A pilot study found that even typically developing children did not maximally extract and combine information to maximize rewards in a cognitive task targeting attention selection mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
