Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Klara Beitl, Didier Dewailly, Rudolf Seemann, Marlene Hager, Jakob Buenker, Daniel Mayrhofer, Iris Holzer, Johannes Ott
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) are the two most frequent causes of secondary amenorrhea, and distinguishing between them remains challenging. A retrospective case-control study found significant differences in hormone levels and protein binding globulin between PCOS-D patients and FHA-PCOM patients. The authors proposed a model including serological parameters as a reliable tool to distinguish between the two conditions.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nathalie di Clemente, Chrystele Racine, Rodolfo A. Rey
Summary: This article reviews the main findings on anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and its involvement in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its male equivalent. AMH has important roles in ovarian reserve, follicular development, and the differentiation of the genital tract. It is also used to assess Sertoli cell function in children and has potential implications for male fertility.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Abeer M. Rababa'h, Bayan R. Matani, Alaa Yehya
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by menstrual irregularities, chronic anovulation, hirsutism, androgenic alopecia, and acne. Most patients seek medical care due to clinical symptoms such as hirsutism, menstrual irregularities, and infertility. Treatment strategies include lifestyle interventions and pharmacological agents. Lifestyle interventions are the first line treatment for overweight females seeking pregnancy. The use of specific therapeutic agents and lifestyle interventions can help patients recover their reproductive and metabolic health.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mala S. Sivanandy, Sierra K. Ha
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinological disorder with significant implications for women's reproductive, metabolic, and psychological health. The lack of a specific diagnostic test poses challenges in diagnosing PCOS, resulting in underdiagnosis and undertreatment. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) appears to be a promising diagnostic marker for PCOS, with elevated levels correlating highly with PCOS features such as polycystic ovarian morphology, hyperandrogenism, and oligo/amenorrhea.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mojgan Javedani Masroor, Hossein Sheybani, Shiva Sheybani, Nastaran Abolghasem
Summary: After laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) in patients with PCOS, the mean AMH level decreases significantly and the menstrual cycle distribution changes significantly, but these variables do not affect the pregnancy rate.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mirte R. Caanen, Henrike E. Peters, Peter M. van de Ven, Anne M. F. M. Juttner, Joop S. E. Laven, Marcel H. A. van Hooff, Cornelis B. Lambalk
Summary: The study found that higher AMH levels in adolescence were associated with a higher risk of developing PCOS in adulthood for girls with oligomenorrhea. However, adolescent AMH levels alone or in combination with menstrual irregularities were not effective in predicting adult PCOS, and therefore routine use in clinical practice is not recommended.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yu Ran, Qiang Yi, Cong Li
Summary: The study found that AMH levels were higher in PCOS patients compared to controls, with no difference in subgroups of PCOS patients under 30 years old. AMH levels in the PCOM subgroup were significantly higher than those in the HA subgroup, suggesting a strong relationship between AMH and PCOM but not with HA.
DIABETES METABOLIC SYNDROME AND OBESITY-TARGETS AND THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ali Abbara, Maria Phylactou, Pei Chia Eng, Sophie A. Clarke, Toan D. Pham, Tuong M. Ho, Kah Yan Ng, Edouard G. Mills, Kate Purugganan, Tia Hunjan, Rehan Salim, Alexander N. Comninos, Lan N. Vuong, Waljit S. Dhillo
Summary: This study compared the endocrine response to triptorelin in women with different reproductive conditions. It found that women with PCOS had a lesser increase in FSH levels compared to healthy women and HA women after triptorelin administration. Additionally, women with polycystic ovaries had lower FSH levels after triptorelin, both with and without ovarian stimulation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chrystele Racine, Carine Genet, Camille Bourgneuf, Charlotte Dupont, Florence Plisson-Petit, Julien Sarry, Christelle Hennequet-Antier, Corinne Vigouroux, Emmanuelle Mathieu d'Argent, Alice Pierre, Danielle Monniaux, Stephane Fabre, Nathalie di Clemente
Summary: This study demonstrates the protective effect of AMH on follicle atresia by controlling granulosa cell survival, providing both cellular and molecular evidence for the increased follicle pool observed in PCOS patients. Furthermore, RNA sequencing identified new AMH target genes, some of which were up-regulated in granulosa cells from PCOS women, suggesting a potential role of AMH in the pathogenesis of PCOS.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Yijie Chen, Miao Deng, Zhaojing Chen, Shuyang Han, Jun Chen, Hongyan Zhang, Qianwen Wang, Xuejing Jin, Wenhua Liu, Zhifen Zhang
Summary: This study found a significant positive correlation between serum INSL5 levels and AMH levels in women with PCOS. After adjusting for other factors, AMH levels remained significantly associated with INSL5 levels. The diagnostic value of AMH was better than that of INSL5.
JOURNAL OF OVARIAN RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nathalie di Clemente, Chrystele Racine, Alice Pierre, Joelle Taieb
Summary: Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) plays a significant role in regulating folliculogenesis and serves as a reliable marker for ovarian reserve. It is also involved in the pathogenesis of conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and primary ovarian failure.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Moaz O. Moursi, Haya Salem, Ayman R. Ibrahim, Sandy Marzouk, Sara Al-Meraghi, Maha Al-Ajmi, Alreem Al-Naimi, Lolwa Alansari
Summary: This study evaluated the correlation between AMH and PCOS, and explored the potential role of AMH in PCOS diagnosis. A serum AMH cutoff level of 3.75 ng/mL was identified as a convenient gauge for the prediction of PCOS and as an adjuvant to the Rotterdam criteria.
GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mingze Du, Junwei Zhang, Xiaona Yu, Yichun Guan
Summary: There was no significant difference in preterm birth rate among PCOS patients with a BMI <24 kg/m(2) in different AMH level groups. However, for PCOS patients with a BMI >= 24 kg/m(2), an AMH level >6.45 ng/ml was significantly associated with a higher risk of preterm birth, indicating it as an independent risk factor.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marlene Hager, Didier Dewailly, Rodrig Marculescu, Stefan Ghobrial, John Preston Parry, Johannes Ott
Summary: In a retrospective cohort study, it was found that women with stress-induced functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) have a higher prevalence of polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) compared to women with exercise-induced FHA. The stress group also exhibited higher levels of prolactin and a trend towards higher levels of dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate (DHEAS). This suggests that the well-known stress sensitivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may explain their propensity to develop FHA and the high prevalence of PCOM in FHA women.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marlene Hager, Johannes Ott, Julian Marschalek, Marie-Louise Marschalek, Clemens Kinsky, Rodrig Marculescu, Didier Dewailly
Summary: This study examines the differences in response to a gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation test and pulsatile GnRH treatment between women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) with and without polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM). The results suggest that the presence of PCOM in FHA patients is associated with lower anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels and a higher LH increase after the stimulation test. Furthermore, pulsatile GnRH treatment appears to increase AMH levels in FHA patients without PCOM. These findings indicate the existence of specific systemic and intra-ovarian abnormalities in PCOM.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)