Review
Oncology
Wenwen Wei, Dong Yang, Xi Chen, Dandan Liang, Liqun Zou, Xudong Zhao
Summary: This review summarizes the characteristics of non-B-cell acute leukemia and the efficacy and challenges of CAR-T cell therapy in treating this type of leukemia.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Elien De Bousser, Nico Callewaert, Nele Festjens
Summary: T cell-engaging immunotherapy aims to activate cytotoxic T cells to destroy cancer cells, while CAR T cell therapy redirects immune cells to recognize tumor antigens. Despite success, challenges such as toxicities and limited efficacy need to be addressed for the broad use of CAR T cell therapy. Research is ongoing to develop more powerful CAR T cells.
Review
Immunology
Peng Zhang, Yang Zhang, Nan Ji
Summary: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a deadly brain cancer with limited efficacy of standard treatments, necessitating the development of new therapies. Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell immunotherapy has shown success in hematological malignancies, but has not yet yielded promising results in GBM. CAR-T cell therapy for GBM faces challenges including tumor heterogeneity, immunosuppressive microenvironment, and cell persistence.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Rui Zheng, Yuankun Chen, Yiting Zhang, Sixin Liang, Xiaojuan Zhao, Yiyi Wang, Pengju Wang, Ruotong Meng, Angang Yang, Bo Yan
Summary: Our study explores the effect of low-affinity CARs using humanized scFvs on the function of CAR-T cells. We find that moderately reducing the affinity of CARs can maintain anti-tumor efficacy and improve the safety of CAR therapy both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, T cells expressing the VL domain only antibody show long-lasting tumor elimination capability and lower cytokine levels.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Bu-Fan Xiao, Jing-Tao Zhang, Yu-Ge Zhu, Xin-Run Cui, Zhe-Ming Lu, Ben-Tong Yu, Nan Wu
Summary: CAR-T cell therapy has shown significant clinical responses in hematological malignancies and is now being evaluated for treating solid tumors. Challenges in using CAR-T cells for lung cancer treatment include on-target, off-tumor toxicity, scarcity of tumor-specific antigen targets, T cell exhaustion, and low immune cell infiltration levels. Advances in tumor immunology and cell product manufacturing are driving the clinical translation of CAR-T cell therapy for lung cancer.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Tahereh Soltantoyeh, Behnia Akbari, Amirali Karimi, Ghanbar Mahmoodi Chalbatani, Navid Ghahri-Saremi, Jamshid Hadjati, Michael R. Hamblin, Hamid Reza Mirzaei
Summary: Metastatic melanoma is a highly aggressive and difficult to treat type of skin cancer, but new therapies like CAR T cell therapy offer hope for patients. However, challenges such as off-target toxicity and therapy resistance need to be addressed through combination approaches.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wei Jiang, Guosheng Gu, Yumin Zhang, Yushuai Song, Ming Shi, Gang Wang, Huizhong Li, Tingting Tao, Jianhua Qin, Xianliang Li, Hongtao Jia, Feng Jiao, Weidong Xu, Xiaoyi Huang
Summary: A new treatment strategy for solid tumors using a natural killer-like T cell line (UNKT) with modified chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) has been reported, showing strong antitumor activity and increased expression of effector cytokines. The CAR-UNKT cells demonstrated migration and infiltration into the tumor.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Zhihuan Yang, Ying Wang
Summary: Cellular therapies, particularly CAR-T cell therapy, have revolutionized the treatment of hematological malignancies. Both China and the United States have made significant contributions to the development of clinical trials for CAR-T cell therapy. However, there are still limitations such as high relapse rates and adverse side effects. Different approaches are being explored in clinical trials to address these issues and promising breakthroughs have been made.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Cuilin Zhang, Qiuyu Zhuang, Jingfeng Liu, Xiaolong Liu
Summary: Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary research area that uses engineering principles to design and construct biological systems for practical applications. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, as one of the most successful clinical applications of synthetic biology, have shown tremendous success in treating blood malignancies. However, there are still limitations to CAR T cell therapy, hence the need for innovative CAR design becomes urgent.
ACS SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fengzhen Mo, Siliang Duan, Xiaobing Jiang, Xiaomei Yang, Xiaoqiong Hou, Wei Shi, Cueva Jumbo Juan Carlos, Aiqun Liu, Shihua Yin, Wu Wang, Hua Yao, Zihang Yu, Zhuoran Tang, Shenxia Xie, Ziqiang Ding, Xinyue Zhao, Bruce D. Hammock, Xiaoling Lu
Summary: The development of nanobody-based CAR-T cells targeting CD105 antigen has shown promising results in vitro and in vivo, exhibiting specific anti-cancer effects against solid tumors. This strategy has the potential to be an effective treatment for solid tumors by utilizing CRISPR/Cas9 technology to engineer CAR-T cells.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Hao Zhang, Shuangli Zhu, Wanjun Deng, Rui Li, Haiting Zhou, Huihua Xiong
Summary: CAR-T cell therapy is a revolutionary adoptive cell therapy that has shown unprecedented progress in hematological tumors and has the potential to be an effective strategy for solid cancers. However, the therapy faces challenges such as the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and heterogeneous tumor antigens when used against solid cancers.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stacie Shiqi Wang, Kylie Luong, Fiona Margaret Gracey, Shereen Jabar, Brad McColl, Ryan Stanley Cross, Misty Rayna Jenkins
Summary: CAR T cell therapy re-engineers patient-derived T cells to express a specific receptor targeting tumor antigens. Studies have shown that pMHCI-specific CARs can effectively recognize and kill tumor cells, forming a TCR-like immune synapse that enhances killing kinetics.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Taewoong Choi, Yubin Kang
Summary: Although treatment outcomes for multiple myeloma patients have greatly improved in the past two decades, the disease remains incurable. New immunotherapies, including monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, bispecific antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, have emerged to treat multiple myeloma. This article provides a comprehensive review of the clinical efficacy, safety, and potential resistance mechanisms of current myeloma CAR-T therapies, with a focus on B Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA) as the most successful target. The article also discusses novel strategies to enhance the effectiveness of myeloma CAR-T therapy.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Sara Toulouie, Gary Johanning, Yihui Shi
Summary: CAR T-cell therapy is a promising immunotherapy, most effective in patients with intact immune systems. ACT using engineered T-cells has shown significant efficacy, especially in anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy for B-cell lymphoma.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonio Nenna, Myriam Carpenito, Camilla Chello, Pierluigi Nappi, Ombretta Annibali, Bruno Vincenzi, Francesco Grigioni, Massimo Chello, Francesco Nappi
Summary: CAR-T therapy has revolutionized the treatment of hematologic malignancies, but it also carries the risk of cardiotoxicity. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to improve outcomes and reduce cardiovascular complications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
