Journal
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
Volume 8, Issue 12, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/app8122530
Keywords
cobalt oxyhydroxide nanosheets; fluorescent sensing; game theory; Hg2+; thymine-Hg2+-thymine
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21505042]
- Scientific and Technological Plan Project of Changsha of China [KQ1707010, KQ1802046]
- Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [2016JJ3084]
- Research Foundation of Education Bureau of Hunan Province [15K084]
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Engineering and New Products for Developmental Biology of Hunan Province [20134486]
- College Student Innovative Experiment Project of Hunan Province [2017106]
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Game theory-the scientific study of interactive, rational decision making-describes the interaction of two or more players from macroscopic organisms to microscopic cellular and subcellular levels. Life based on molecules is the highest and most complex expression of molecular interactions. However, using simple molecules to expand game theory for molecular decision-making remains challenging. Herein, we demonstrate a proof-of-concept molecular game-theoretical system (molecular prisoner's dilemma) that relies on formation of the thymine- Hg2+-thymine hairpin structure specifically induced by Hg2+ and fluorescence quenching and molecular adsorption capacities of cobalt oxyhydroxide (CoOOH) nanosheets, resulting in fluorescence intensity and distribution change of polythymine oligonucleotide 33-repeat thymines (T33). The bait molecule, T33, interacted with two molecular players, CoOOH and Hg2+, in different states (absence = silence and presence = betrayal), regarded as strategies. We created conflicts (sharing or self-interest) of fluorescence distribution of T33, quantifiable in a 2 x 2 payoff matrix. In addition, the molecular game-theoretical-system based on T33 and CoOOH was used for sensing Hg2+ over the range of 20 to 600 nM with the detection limit of 7.94 nM (3 sigma) and for determination of Hg(2+)in pond water. Inspired by the proof-of-concept for molecular game theory, various molecular decision-making systems could be developed, which would help promote molecular information processing and generating novel molecular intelligent decision systems for environmental monitoring and molecular diagnosis and therapy.
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