Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xiaole Chang, Yongfang Zhao, Shucun Qin, Hao Wang, Bingxiang Wang, Lei Zhai, Boyan Liu, Hong-mei Gu, Da-wei Zhang
Summary: The adrenal gland in Surf4(LKO) mice shows reduced cholesterol levels and increased expression of genes involved in de novo cholesterol biosynthesis, leading to compensation for the loss of circulating lipoprotein-derived cholesterol and maintenance of adrenal steroid hormone production.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Po-Wei Chen, Shih-Ya Tseng, Hsien-Yuan Chang, Cheng-Han Lee, Ting-Hsing Chao
Summary: The study reveals that Cilostazol can regulate the expression of PCSK9 through enhancing the PPARγ pathway, thus impacting cholesterol homeostasis. It was observed that Cilostazol significantly reduces PCSK9 levels in high-fat diet-induced obese mice and obese patients, indicating its therapeutic potential for obesity-related dyslipidemia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rabia Aydogan Baykara, Pinar Diydem Yilmaz, Mevlut Hakan Goktepe, Cengiz Kadiyoran, Mustafa Ogul, Adem Kucuk, Medine Cumhur Cure, Erkan Cure
Summary: There is a strong independent association between subclinical atherosclerosis and PCSK9 in patients with Behcet's disease. However, there may be no independent association between PCSK9 and disease activity.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Niki Katsiki, Michal Vrablik, Maciej Banach, Ioanna Gouni-Berthold
Summary: Dyslipidemia treatment is crucial for reducing the risk of ASCVD, the leading cause of death worldwide. PCSK9 inhibitors, including inclisiran, have emerged as a novel category of lipid-lowering drugs. Inclisiran, a siRNA against PCSK9, has been approved for treating hypercholesterolemia and offers a long-lasting LDL-C-lowering effect with just two doses per year. The ORION/VICTORION clinical trial program investigates the impact of inclisiran on atherogenic lipoproteins and major cardiac events in different patient populations.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Zhenxian Li, Haimei Zhu, Hao Liu, Dayue Liu, Jianhe Liu, Jiazheng Jiang, Yi Zhang, Zhang Qin, Yijia Xu, Yuan Peng, Bin Liu, Yun Long
Summary: In this study, a biomimetic nanoliposome loaded with Evolocumab (a PCSK9 inhibitor) was developed using nano-materials to alleviate atherosclerosis. The results showed that this nanoliposome can inhibit the phenotypic transition, excessive proliferation, and migration of VSMCs. Additionally, it significantly decreased the expression of PCSK9 in serum and VSMCs within the plaque of ApoE(-/-) mice.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jonathan Grimm, Georg Peschel, Martina Mueller, Doris Schacherer, Reiner Wiest, Kilian Weigand, Christa Buechler
Summary: This study found that serum PCSK9 levels were associated with liver injury and inflammation in cirrhotic HCV patients, but not with LDL levels. After DAA therapy, PCSK9 decreased and LDL increased in non-cirrhotic HCV patients, while no changes were observed in the cirrhotic group.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Petra Zubin Maslov, Joseph A. Hill, Thomas F. Luscher, Jagat Narula
Summary: Hypercholesterolaemia is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, with cholesterol levels already increasing in early life. In the USA, only 25% of infants are exclusively breastfed, and formula feeding may lead to fluctuations in blood glucose and insulin levels in infants.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gregory G. Schwartz, Robert P. Giugliano
Summary: This review summarizes the findings of two large placebo-controlled trials that evaluated the cardiovascular efficacy of PCSK9 inhibitors in patients with established ASCVD or recent ACS. The results showed that PCSK9 inhibitors can significantly reduce MACE risk and may also reduce the risk of death after ACS.
CURRENT OPINION IN LIPIDOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vittoria Cammisotto, Francesco Baratta, Paola G. Simeone, Cristina Barale, Enrico Lupia, Gioacchino Galardo, Francesca Santilli, Isabella Russo, Pasquale Pignatelli
Summary: PCSK9 is involved in cholesterol metabolism and plays a role in the development of atherosclerosis and atherothrombotic processes, promoting plaque formation and oxidative stress.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sara N. Levintow, Stephanie R. Reading, Sina Noshad, Sophie E. Mayer, Catherine Wiener, Bassim Eledath, Jason Exter, M. Alan Brookhart
Summary: The study found that LDL-C testing rates were lower than recommended by clinical guidelines among patients hospitalized for myocardial infarction. This highlights a potential gap in care, where increased LDL-C testing after MI may provide opportunities for modifying lipid-lowering therapies and reducing the risk of subsequent cardiovascular events.
CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alex K. K. Leung, Yuan Chao Xue, Antyrah de Guzman, Guilherme Grzelkovski, HyeJin Julia Kong, Kelly R. Genga, James A. Russell, John H. Boyd, Gordon A. Francis, Keith R. Walley
Summary: This study found that PCSK9 reduces the uptake of LPS in vascular endothelial cells through LDLR-mediated endocytosis, leading to a decrease in the inflammatory response. This suggests that PCSK9 inhibition may have additional effects on vascular endothelial inflammation.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Coen van Solingen, Scott R. Oldebeken, Alessandro G. Salerno, Amarylis C. B. A. Wanschel, Kathryn J. Moore
Summary: The discovery of PCSK9 and its role in LDL regulation has led to the rapid development of therapeutic PCSK9 inhibitors. Research has identified certain microRNAs that can reduce PCSK9 expression, leading to increased LDLR expression in hepatic cells, which may have therapeutic implications for manipulating LDLR expression and cholesterol levels in the liver.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Jing Gao, Jing-Yu Liu, Peng-Ju Lu, Jian-Yong Xiao, Ming-Dong Gao, Chang-Ping Li, Zhuang Cui, Yin Liu
Summary: The EMSIACS study aims to investigate the impact of combining evolocumab with moderate-intensity statin therapy on LDL-C levels and incidence of MACE in Chinese ACS patients.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anindita Chakraborty, Jing Pang, Dick C. Chan, Wendy Barnett, Ann Marie Woodward, Mary Vorster, Gerald F. Watts
Summary: PCSK9mAbs can effectively and safely lower plasma Lp(a) concentrations in patients with elevated Lp(a) in clinical practice, with significant reductions in LDL-C, remnant-cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B concentrations as well.
CLINICAL CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gabriella Iannuzzo, Alessio Buonaiuto, Ilenia Calcaterra, Marco Gentile, Francesco Forte, Maria Tripaldella, Maria D. Di Taranto, Carola Giacobbe, Giuliana Fortunato, Paolo O. Rubba, Matteo N. Dario Di Minno
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between LDL receptor mutations and response to PCSK9-I therapy. The results showed no differences in response to PCSK9-I therapy between FH patients with He-defective mutations and He-null mutations after 36 weeks. However, patients carrying compound-He/Ho mutations had a significantly lower response to PCSK9-I.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
Paymon M. Azizi, Duminda N. Wijeysundera, Harindra C. Wijeysundera, Peter C. Austin, Angela Jerath, Lu Han, Maria Koh, Dennis T. Ko
Summary: International practice guidelines have different recommendations for postoperative troponin testing after noncardiac surgery. This study evaluated predictors of routine troponin testing after three commonly performed major noncardiac surgeries. The results showed significant variation in testing rates across hospitals, suggesting the need for a more standardized approach to troponin testing.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIA-JOURNAL CANADIEN D ANESTHESIE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rodolfo Rocha, Xuesong Wang, Stephen E. Fremes, Derrick Y. Tam, Dennis T. Ko, Vladimir Dzavik, Edward L. Hannan, Peter C. Austin, Maral Ouzounian, Douglas S. Lee
Summary: This study reveals the variation in the PCI:CABG ratio among hospitals and its association with clinical outcomes. Compared to low ratio institutions, high ratio institutions had a higher risk of adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events during the follow-up period. Patients were more likely to receive PCI when the diagnostic angiogram was performed by interventional cardiologists. Having diagnostic angiogram at an institution without cardiac surgical capabilities was associated with a higher risk of adverse events.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anna Chu, Deirdre A. Hennessy, Sharon Johnston, Jacob A. Udell, Douglas S. Lee, Jing Jia, Jack V. Tu, Dennis T. Ko
Summary: This study utilized large electronic population-based databases to conduct cardiovascular health surveillance in Ontario, Canada. The findings showed that the cardiovascular risk-factor burden and preventive care among adults in Ontario were similar to the results from health survey data. However, there were slight differences in glucose and systolic blood pressure levels.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Aya F. Ozaki, Cynthia A. Jackevicius, Alice Chong, Maneesh Sud, Jiming Fang, Peter C. Austin, Dennis T. Ko
Summary: A study in Ontario, Canada found significant variations in ticagrelor usage rates among ACS patients, strongly associated with physician and hospital factors independent of patient characteristics.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Maneesh Sud, Anna Chu, Peter C. Austin, David J. Naimark, George Thanassoulis, Harindra C. Wijeysundera, Dennis T. Ko
Summary: By studying a large population of patients for over 10 years, we found that atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) accounts for just over half of all preventable first cardiovascular events in contemporary primary prevention population. Including additional cardiovascular endpoints significantly increases the estimated incidence rates.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-QUALITY OF CARE AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lucas C. Godoy, Michael E. Farkouh, Peter C. Austin, Baiju R. Shah, Feng Qiu, Maneesh Sud, Harindra C. Wijeysundera, G. B. John Mancini, Dennis T. Ko
Summary: This study aimed to assess the feasibility of predicting significant left main stenosis using extensive clinical, laboratory, and non-invasive tests data. The results showed that both traditional modeling and machine learning algorithms could accurately predict left main stenosis. However, the ability to predict left main stenosis in stable ischemic heart disease remained limited.
AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Amy Y. X. Yu, Kara A. A. Nerenberg, Christina Diong, Jiming Fang, Anna Chu, Moira K. K. Kapral, Jodi D. D. Edwards, Sonia R. R. Dancey, Peter C. C. Austin, Nathalie Auger
Summary: This retrospective cohort study evaluated long-term maternal health outcomes after pregnancy-associated stroke and found that pregnant patients with stroke had a lower risk of death and all-cause readmission compared to non-pregnant patients with stroke at 1-year follow-up, but this difference decreased over time. Pregnant patients with stroke had a higher risk of death and readmission compared to pregnant patients without stroke at 1-year follow-up, and this association persisted for a decade.
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nikhil Mistry, Gregory M. T. Hare, Nadine Shehata, Emilie Belley-Cote, Fabio Papa, Robert S. Kramer, Tarit Saha, Duminda N. Wijeysundera, Dennis Ko, Subodh Verma, C. David Mazer
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Maya S. Sheth, Bing Yu, Anna Chu, Joan Porter, Derrick Y. Tam, Laura E. Ferreira-Legere, Shaun G. Goodman, Michael E. Farkouh, Dennis T. Ko, Husam Abdel-Qadir, Jacob A. Udell
Summary: The study analyzed the impact of using low-dose rivaroxaban and aspirin on patients with coronary artery disease and peripheral artery disease. The results showed that applying this treatment strategy to eligible patients can significantly reduce the risk of adverse cardiovascular events, but may also increase the risk of major bleeding. Patients with multiple risk factors may benefit more from this treatment.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Denis Qeska, Sheldon M. Singh, Feng Qiu, Ragavie Manoragavan, Christopher C. Cheung, Dennis T. Ko, Maneesh Sud, Maria Terricabras, Harindra C. Wijeysundera
Summary: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac rhythm disorder. Increasing demand for catheter ablation to treat AF has led to longer wait-times and significant morbidity.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bisan Shweikialrefaee, Dennis T. Ko, Jiming Fang, Andrea Pang, Peter C. Austin, Paul Dorian, Sheldon M. Singh, Cynthia A. Jackevicius, Karen Tu, Douglas S. Lee, Husam Abdel-Qadir
Summary: This study found that statin use is associated with a lower stroke rate in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), while higher levels of low-density lipoprotein are associated with a higher stroke rate.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hasrit Sidhu, Feng Qiu, Ragavie Manoragavan, Dennis T. Ko, Mamas A. Mamas, Maneesh Sud, Derrick Y. Tam, Harindra C. Wijeysundera
Summary: This study analyzed the association between costs and social deprivation in transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in Ontario, Canada. The findings suggest that residential instability is associated with increased costs in the postprocedural phase. This provides a basis for further research on the mechanism of this finding and the development of potential mitigation policies.
CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR QUALITY AND OUTCOMES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hifza Buhari, Jiming Fang, Lu Han, Peter C. Austin, Paul Dorian, Cynthia A. Jackevicius, Amy Y. X. Yu, Moira K. Kapral, Sheldon M. Singh, Karen Tu, Dennis T. Ko, Clare L. Atzema, Emelia J. Benjamin, Douglas S. Lee, Husam Abdel-Qadir
Summary: This study aimed to examine the relationship between sex differences in age and cardiovascular care and stroke in atrial fibrillation (AF). The results showed that females had higher rates of stroke in AF even after adjusting for other factors. Older age and inequities in cardiovascular care partially explained the higher stroke rates in females with AF.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Peter A. Kavsak, Sameer Sharif, Isabella Globe, Craig Ainsworth, Jinhui Ma, Matthew Mcqueen, Shamir Mehta, Dennis T. Ko, Andrew Worster, Krzysztof J. Filipiak
Summary: Serial cardiac troponin testing is used to identify patients with evolving myocardial injury in acute coronary syndrome. Different change criteria have been proposed for high-sensitivity cTn assays. This study evaluated the performance of a new method called Common Change Criteria (3C) in comparison with other criteria, and found that the 3C method yielded higher specificities for myocardial infarction and adverse cardiovascular events. The 3C method may be used with different assays to predict adverse cardiovascular events in patients with ACS symptoms.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE
(2023)