Article
Neurosciences
Asher Geffen, Nicholas Bland, Martin V. Sale
Summary: The study investigated the effects of slow oscillatory (SO) tACS on motor cortical excitability and found that tACS had a facilitatory effect on motor cortical excitability that outlasted stimulation. However, there was no evidence supporting entrainment of endogenous oscillations as the underlying mechanism.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Je Hyun Bae, Kayeon Kim, Donghoon Han, Taek Dong Chung
Summary: Nanoporous Pt coating enhances the performance of neural electrodes by reducing impedance, improving neural signal recording, and facilitating the efficiency of implanted electronic devices.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Luis Torrijos-Moran, Antoine Brimont, Amadeu Griol, Pablo Sanchis, Jaime Garcia-Ruperez
Summary: A highly compact optical switch based on slow-light-enhanced bimodal interferometry in one-dimensional silicon photonic crystals is proposed and demonstrated, showing high efficiency operation with low power consumption. The device engineering highly dispersive and broadband bimodal regions for high-performance operation by exploiting the different symmetry of the modes.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Juzhe Li, Xu Liu, Wei Mao, Tao Chen, Hao Yu
Summary: The development of neural prosthesis integrated circuits using semiconductor technology has improved the treatment of neurological diseases. Safety and accuracy are important considerations in the design process, with ongoing research on new technologies and parameters.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nathalia Cancino-Fuentes, Arnau Manasanch, Joana Covelo, Alex Suarez-Perez, Enrique Fernandez, Stratis Matsoukis, Christoph Guger, Xavi Illa, Anton Guimera-Brunet, Maria V. Sanchez-Vives
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive characterization of graphene-based solution-gated field-effect transistors (gSGFETs) for brain recordings, highlighting their potential clinical applications.
Article
Neurosciences
Claire Bradley, Jessica Elliott, Samuel Dudley, Genevieve A. Kieseker, Jason B. Mattingley, Martin Sale
Summary: This study investigated the role of slow-oscillatory transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) in modulating synaptic homeostasis in awake humans. The results suggest that slow-oscillatory tACS does not appear to modulate synaptic homeostasis in the motor system of awake humans under the conditions tested.
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biology
Nicolette Driscoll, Richard E. Rosch, Brendan B. Murphy, Arian Ashourvan, Ramya Vishnubhotla, Olivia O. Dickens, A. T. Charlie Johnson, Kathryn A. Davis, Brian Litt, Danielle S. Bassett, Hajime Takano, Flavia Vitale
Summary: The study presents a technique to map the onset and spatiotemporal spread of acute epileptic seizures in vivo by recording high bandwidth microelectrocorticography and calcium fluorescence simultaneously. By integrating dynamic data features from both modalities, sequential spatiotemporal patterns of seizure onset and evolution were identified, revealing the link between the temporal progression of ictal electrophysiology and the spatial evolution of the recruited seizure core. This integrated analysis of multimodal data enables future targeted therapeutic interventions and novel spatially embedded models of local circuit dynamics during seizure onset and evolution.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Martin A. Garenfeld, Nikola Jorgovanovic, Vojin Ilic, Matija Strbac, Milica Isakovic, Jakob L. Dideriksen, Strahinja Dosen
Summary: The study proposed a novel compact solution for simultaneous recording and stimulation through dynamic blanking of stimulation artefacts. By developing a feedback coding scheme specifically for myoelectric control, it was found that the quality of closed-loop control was preserved in spite of electrotactile stimulation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENGINEERING AND REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yingjie Liu, Zi Wang, Yilin Liu, Xi Wang, Xiaoyuan Guo, Dongliang Li, Yong Yao, Qinghai Song, Jiangbing Du, Zuyuan He, Ke Xu
Summary: This study proposes and experimentally demonstrates a dual-polarization and mode-division multiplexed silicon photonic integrated circuit with ultra-small footprint, achieving satisfactory performance parameters within the wavelength range. With pixelated waveguide meta-structures, the device footprint is effectively reduced, and the insertion losses are below 1.4 dB and inter-mode cross talk is below -15 dB over a certain wavelength range.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Suyash Bhatt, Emily Masterson, Tianxiang Zhu, Jenna Eizadi, Judy George, Nesya Graupe, Adam Vareberg, Jack Phillips, Ilhan Bok, Matthew Dwyer, Alireza Ashtiani, Aviad Hai
Summary: Wireless brain technologies are advancing basic neuroscience and clinical neurology by providing new platforms that reduce invasiveness and expand possibilities in electrophysiological recording and stimulation. However, miniaturization is currently limited by the need for on-board power supply and large transmission circuitry. A new circuit design is presented here, which uses an ion-sensitive field effect transistor to sense ionic fluctuations in the brain and detune a radiofrequency resonator. The sensitivity and response of this sensor are validated through electromagnetic analysis and in vivo experiments.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Lijun Deng, Xingdao He, Jian Zhang, Guodong Liu, Song Han, Yimin Lou, Lvming Zeng, Xuanrong Ji
Summary: In this study, an ultra-compact mu PAT system was developed for high-resolution imaging of the brain microvascular network, showing great potential for preclinical and clinical imaging applications.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stephen Thankachan, Chun Yang, Ksenia Kastanenka, Brian J. Bacskai, Dmitry Gerashchenko
Summary: Non-invasive stimulation technologies have shown potential as treatment options for neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, the researchers developed tools for visual stimulation using light-emitting diodes and compared their effectiveness with traditional optogenetic approaches. The results suggest that visual stimulation can effectively enhance slow wave activity without disrupting sleep patterns.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Myunghwan Kim, Sangin Kim, Soeun Kim
Summary: A new type of mid-infrared ultra-compact optical modulator composed of a graphene metasurface is proposed in this study. Unlike previous schemes, this modulator utilizes the topological characteristic of the isofrequency contour in the hyperbolic metasurface to modulate transmission, providing a modulation depth of 10.7 dB with a length of 750 nm, which is approximately 1/30 of an operating wavelength.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Piotr Kmon
Summary: The integrated circuit design features 100 channels for various biomedical experiments requiring both recording and electrical stimulation capabilities. Emphasis was placed on controllability, programmability, and maintaining uniformity in main chip parameters. In-pixel circuitry allows for individual control of system parameters, reducing component spread and improving precision in tuning.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Mahdad Jafarzadeh Esfahani, Soha Farboud, Hong-Viet V. Ngo, Jules Schneider, Frederik D. Weber, Lucia M. Talamini, Martin Dresler
Summary: Sleep is crucial for our physical and mental well-being, and slow oscillations in the brain play a significant role in sleep functions. By utilizing closed-loop auditory stimulation, researchers can investigate the causal relationship between slow oscillations and sleep functions.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
I Carlomagno, I Lucarini, V Secchi, F. Maita, D. Polese, S. Mirabella, G. Franzo, A. Notargiacomo, G. Di Santo, S. Gonzalez, L. Petaccia, L. Maiolo
Summary: ZnO nanorods can be enhanced in their optical and conductive performances through Excimer Laser Annealing (ELA), which results in reducing crystallite size and lattice parameter, improving UV/visible emission ratio, and increasing carrier mobility.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Mel Slater, Maria V. Sanchez-Vives
Summary: The prevailing scientific paradigm posits matter as primary, while an alternative view sees consciousness as a fundamental force in nature. Virtual reality can provide insights into the primacy of consciousness, although its implications for physical reality and the emergence of consciousness from brain function remain uncertain.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marta Matamala-Gomez, Mel Slater, Maria V. Sanchez-Vives
Summary: Recent evidence suggests that immersive virtual reality can be used as an effective tool in neurorehabilitation. This study investigated the benefits of an embodiment-based immersive VR training program for orthopedic upper limb rehabilitation. The findings indicate that immersive VR can improve motor functional ability and accelerate the rehabilitation process in patients with a conservatively managed distal radius fracture.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Katrin Amunts, Javier DeFelipe, Cyriel Pennartz, Alain Destexhe, Michele Migliore, Philippe Ryvlin, Steve Furber, Alois Knoll, Lise Bitsch, Jan G. Bjaalie, Yannis Ioannidis, Thomas Lippert, Maria V. Sanchez-Vives, Rainer Goebel, Viktor Jirsa
Summary: Understanding the human brain is a Grand Challenge for 21st century research. Computational approaches and dynamic generative multiscale models are instrumental for linking brain structure and function. The intersection of neuroscience, computing, and robotics has the potential to advance neuro-inspired technologies. To facilitate research sharing and collaboration, the Human Brain Project has launched the digital neuroscience research infrastructure EBRAINS.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Antonio Valletta, Fabrizio Roccaforte, Antonino La Magna, Guglielmo Fortunato, Patrick Fiorenza
Summary: In this work, a reliable and consistent method for evaluating the interface state density and effective channel mobility of 4H-SiC MOSFETs is presented. The simultaneous extraction of these two quantities is achieved through combined fits of the I-V and C-V electrical characteristics. Experimental results indicate an increase in the effective channel mobility with temperature, in agreement with the dominance of the Coulomb scattering effect.
SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Roberta Condo, Elisabetta Carli, Alessandro Cioffi, Maria Elena Cataldi, Vincenzo Quinzi, Adriano Casaglia, Aldo Giancotti, Paola Pirelli, Ivano Lucarini, Francesco Maita, Luca Maiolo, Gianluca Mampieri
Summary: Fluoride-based mouthwashes and gels are effective preventive measures against demineralization and caries, but they can reduce the corrosion resistance of orthodontic alloys. In vitro experiments showed that stainless steel wires are less affected by fluorinated mouthwashes, while alloys gradually elute more metals when exposed for a prolonged period. Nickel-titanium wires are more sensitive to some mouthwashes, and household fluorinated gels can have significant negative effects on ions' elution and surface changes, reducing the wires' corrosion resistance and appearance.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Walter Fuscaldo, Francesco Maita, Luca Maiolo, Romeo Beccherelli, Dimitrios C. Zografopoulos
Summary: In this study, the dielectric properties of three commercially available high-permittivity Rogers laminates were characterized in the sub-terahertz range using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy measurements. A transmission-line model was developed to obtain reflectance spectra by fitting the frequency-dispersive complex relative permittivity of the substrates. The results showed that the thermoset microwave laminate TMM10i exhibited lower frequency dispersion and overall dielectric losses, making it a promising candidate for low-profile and broadband components in novel terahertz applications.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Francesco Maita, Veronica Piccialli, Flavia Pensa, Marco Scatto, Massimiliano Ruggeri, Luca Maiolo
Summary: Wearable electronics are revolutionizing the smart sensor industry, offering solutions for various applications from biomedical to gaming and fashion. Physical sensors play a crucial role in providing fast and reliable feedback on human motion and detecting vital physiological parameters. Thermoplastic materials are widely used for their sensitivity, high stretchability, chemical resistance, and low-cost manufacturing processes in wearable physical sensors.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
P. Fiorenza, L. Maiolo, G. Fortunato, M. Zielinski, F. La Via, F. Giannazzo, F. Roccaforte
Summary: The interfacial electrical properties and oxide field strength of deposited oxide SiO2 on 3C-SiC can be improved by post-oxide deposition annealing. The density of electrically active stacking faults in 3C-SiC is reduced after appropriate annealing. These results pave the way for an ideal SiO2/3C-SiC system for power device applications.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Roberta Condo, Gianluca Mampieri, Alessandro Cioffi, Paola Pirelli, Aldo Giancotti, Luca Maiolo, Francesco Maita, Annalisa Convertino, Ivano Lucarini, Andrea Notargiacomo, Julietta Rau, Marco Fosca, Giuseppe Marzo
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between reflectivity, hardness, and chemical composition of dispersed phases in orthodontic composites. The results show that different materials have different reflectivity, which is related to their internal composition and hardness. The study suggests that UV-Vis analysis can provide important insights into the internal material composition of orthodontic composites and indirectly provide information about their mechanical properties.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Francesco Maita, Luca Maiolo, Ivano Lucarini, Jose Ignacio Del Rio De Vicente, Antonio Sciortino, Mario Ledda, Valentina Mussi, Antonella Lisi, Annalisa Convertino
Summary: Microelectrode array (MEA) is the key method to study electrical activity in a population of electrogenic cells. This study reports the development of a MEA using disordered silicon nanowires (SiNWs) to successfully capture the electrical signals generated by the corticotrope AtT-20 cells. This extends the usefulness of MEA technology in investigating electrical communication in pituitary gland cells and provides new perspectives in recording electrical activity of excitable cells.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Elena Palmieri, Luca Maiolo, Ivano Lucarini, Adriano Diaz Fattorini, Emanuela Tamburri, Silvia Orlanducci, Raffaella Calarco, Francesco Maita
Summary: This paper explores the potential of a novel polymer blend, ethyl cellulose (EC) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), in flexible electronics. The blend allows for the tuning of mechanical and chemical properties of substrates, demonstrated through resistive and capacitive sensor fabrication via photolithography. These biomaterials offer sustainable and versatile options for advancements in various fields.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)