Journal
TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE
Volume 24, Issue 11, Pages 950-962Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.09.001
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Funding
- NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS052632, R01 NS104471] Funding Source: Medline
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Neurotropic RNA virus infections cause a major neurological disease burden. Due to the morbidity and mortality rates of viral encephalitides worldwide, there is a need to develop clinical treatments. Features of the central nervous system (CNS), including interconnected cell types and limited regeneration, provide unique challenges. Viral encephalitis and antiviral immunity can disrupt the CNS environment, leaving patients with poor neurological outcomes despite virologic control. The cellular mechanism(s) underlying neurological recovery are not fully understood, but involve neuroimmune interactions that, until recently, primarily focused on microglia. With increasing evidence that astrocytes also have significant roles in inflammatory responses to viruses, here we summarize recent astrocyte contributions to acute virologic control and neurological impairments during recovery from viral infection.
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