Article
Thermodynamics
P. U. Akpan, W. F. Fuls
Summary: This paper discusses the application of a V-TCHR model to determine the CO2 emissions factor of coal-fired power plants at various load conditions. A demonstration study was carried out to investigate CO2 emission characteristics at part load of six hypothetical CFPPs, showing promising results. The variable emissions factor model presented in this study is useful to energy modellers as it does not require detailed plant models and can be applied to any hypothetical CFPP-based energy system.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Puju Cao, Zhao Liu
Summary: This study investigates the impact of population characteristics on transportation CO2 emissions in China. The results show that population aging and population quality can restrain transportation CO2 emissions, but the negative effects of population aging are indirectly caused by economic growth and transportation demand. Furthermore, population living standards have an urban-rural difference, with urban living standards playing a predominant role in transportation CO2 emissions. Population growth has a weakly positive effect on transportation CO2 emissions. At the regional level, the effect of population aging on transportation CO2 emissions varies across regions.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nicolas Deschle, Ernst Jan van Ark, Rene van Gijlswijk, Robbert Janssen
Summary: Pollutant emissions, particularly in the transport sector, have been a significant concern for environmentalists and governments. This study demonstrates the potential benefits of optimizing traffic flow and avoiding unnecessary stops in reducing CO2 and NOx emissions. The results highlight the importance of traffic control as an unexplored dimension in controlling pollutant emissions and informing cost-benefit plans for traffic control system investments.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Tim De Ceunynck, Gert Jan Wijlhuizen, Aslak Fyhri, Regine Gerike, Dagmar Kohler, Alice Ciccone, Atze Dijkstra, Emmanuelle Dupont, Mario Cools
Summary: In order to make cities more livable, a shift from car use to sustainable modes of transport, such as walking and cycling, is necessary. To understand the factors influencing people's willingness to switch to active transport modes, a survey was conducted among over 2000 respondents in nine European cities. Two groups of respondents were identified with common determinants for their intentions to shift to active transport modes - a pro-cycling cluster (55.6% of respondents) and a non-pro-cycling cluster (44.4%). The findings emphasize the importance of distinguishing walking and cycling policies and highlight perceived traffic safety and travel time as main obstacles to increase cycling and walking respectively.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xun Jiang, King-Fai Li, Mao-Chang Liang, Yuk L. Yung
Summary: This study found that during the Amazon rainforest fire season, the atmospheric CO2 concentration is about 2 ppm higher than in surrounding areas, mainly due to surface biomass burning, enhanced sinking air over the eastern part of the Amazon, and surface winds.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Urban Studies
Kwadwo Boakye, Marit Bovbjerg, John Schuna Jr, Adam Branscum, Nafiza Mat-Nasir, Ahmad Bahonar, Olga Barbarash, Rita Yusuf, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Pamela Seron, Annika Rosengren, Karen Yeates, Jephat Chifamba, Khalid F. Alhabib, Kairat Davletov, Mirac Vural Keskinler, Maria Diaz, Lanthe Kruger, Yang Li, Liu Zhiguang, Lap Ah. Tse, Andreas Wielgosz, Koon Teo, Mirrakhimov Erkin, Sumathy Rangarajan, Scott Lear, Salim Yusuf, Perry Hystad
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between built environment characteristics and walking/cycling behaviors in 355 urban communities across 21 low-, middle-, and high-income countries. The findings showed that land-use mix diversity, land-use mix access, street connectivity, safety from traffic, safety from crime, and aesthetics were associated with higher odds of walking and cycling behaviors. These results can inform policymakers globally in implementing built environment designs that encourage walking and cycling.
Article
Economics
Beatrice Biondi, Aleksandra Romanowska, Krystian Birr
Summary: The promotion of active and sustainable transport modes is a key policy priority in Europe to reduce pollution and improve public health. Policymakers are implementing various measures, with a particular focus on children and young people, to encourage behavior change. Soft transport policies, including gamification strategies, have shown promising results in promoting cycling behavior among children.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART A-POLICY AND PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alexandra Maertz, Patrick Ploetz, Patrick Jochem
Summary: Plug-in electric vehicles are a promising option for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector, but the environmental assessment needs to consider the changing carbon emissions in electricity provision, and the issue of up-stream emissions remains unresolved. Research findings suggest that early adoption of PEVs is the most effective way to utilize the remaining carbon budget.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Economics
Petrik Runst, David Ho
Summary: After the introduction of fossil taxes in the German transportation sector, the carbon price increased by about 66 euro/t CO2, resulting in a significant decline in transport emissions by 0.2-0.35 t per person and year. The sales share of diesel cars quickly increased, while the fuel efficiency of non-diesel cars improved with a three-year time lag. Additionally, a qualitative analysis of a German car manufacturer's business reports suggested that the tax triggered an improvement in engine technology.
Article
Economics
Angel S. Marrero, Gustavo A. Marrero, Rosa Marina Gonzalez, Jesus Rodriguez-Lopez
Summary: In Europe, road transport is the largest polluter of CO2 emissions, with countries showing a convergence trend in emissions but influenced by structural factors. The speed of convergence has increased over time, but has led to undesirably high emission levels due to laggard countries catching up with leaders. Structural factors such as economic activity and fuel prices significantly impact the convergence speed, indicating the need for policy intervention to reduce emissions levels.
Article
Environmental Studies
J. Escavy, M. J. Herrero, F. Lopez-Acevedo, L. Trigos
Summary: This study analyzed the location of quarries supplying the demand for aggregates in the Madrid region from 1995 to 2018. It showed a progressive distancing of quarries from demand areas and even relocation of production to neighboring provinces. The excess kilometers traveled due to this distancing and associated CO2 emissions have been estimated. Contrary to the general belief that NIMBY phenomenon caused the distancing, the main reason in Madrid region was found to be a combination of demographic factors and land use restrictions.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xuezong Tao, Qin Wu
Summary: The study introduces a new analytical framework for estimating energy consumption and CO2 emissions in hinterland transport, using the Yiwu-Ningbo corridor as an empirical case. It reveals that all-road transport consumes the majority of energy and emits the highest CO2, while road-rail combined transport shows lower energy consumption and CO2 emissions, suggesting it as an effective measure for energy saving and CO2 reduction.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zeinab Zanjani, Isabel Soares, Pedro Macedo
Summary: The transportation sector in developing countries has a major impact on global warming due to its reliance on fossil energy resources. This study examines the role of air passengers and air freight in CO2 emissions from aviation in eight oil-producing countries in the Middle East from 2013 to 2019. The results show a positive impact of air passengers on CO2 emissions in all countries, while the connection between air freight and CO2 emissions is only confirmed for Iran and Qatar.
Article
Transportation
Myung Ja Kim, Michael Hall, Minseong Kim
Summary: The study creates and verifies a comprehensive behavior model using VBN theory to examine the environmental behavior of cyclists and walkers. The results show that value has a significant influence on belief and belief has a stronger impact on personal norm than social norm. Additionally, personal norm has twice the impact on behavioral intention compared to social norm.
TRAVEL BEHAVIOUR AND SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Transportation Science & Technology
Elmira Berjisian, Alexander Bigazzi
Summary: This paper systematically evaluates trip identification algorithms in the literature and provides recommendations to improve performance for walking and cycling trips. The results show significant variations in algorithm performance, and no algorithm performs best across all measures. The importance of trip identification decisions is emphasized, and thorough reporting is recommended to enhance reproducibility and reliability.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART C-EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Jason K. Gurney, Katherine A. McGlynn, James Stanley, Tony Merriman, Virginia Signal, Caroline Shaw, Richard Edwards, Lorenzo Richiardi, John Hutson, Diana Sarfati
NATURE REVIEWS UROLOGY
(2017)
Review
Oncology
Stephanie Huang, Virginia Signal, Diana Sarfati, Caroline Shaw, James Stanley, Katherine McGlynn, Jason Gurney
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jason K. Gurney, James Stanley, Katherine McGlynn, Lorenzo Richiardi, Caroline Shaw, Richard Edwards, Tony R. Merriman, Bridget Robson, Jonathan Koea, Melissa McLeod, Martin A. Kennedy, Diana Sarfati
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Caroline Shaw, Amanda J. D'Souza, Ruth Cunningham, Diana Sarfati
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Caroline Shaw, Mikael Boulic, Ian Longley, Tamsin Mitchell, Nevil Pierse, Philippa Howden-Chapman
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Edward Randal, Caroline Shaw, Melissa McLeod, Michael Keall, Alistair Woodward, Anja Mizdrak
Summary: This study quantifies the amount and distribution of health loss caused by the land transport system in New Zealand, highlighting the negative impacts of road injury, air pollution, and physical inactivity. It shows that improving the transport system could significantly benefit health and the economy. However, health inequities between Maori and non-Maori need to be addressed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ryan Gage, Marcus Gurtner, Michael Keall, Moira Smith, Christina McKerchar, Philippa Howden-Chapman, Caroline Shaw, Tim Chambers, Amber L. Pearson, Wei Liu, Louise Signal
Summary: This study aimed to explore the nature of school journeys from a child's perspective, including how exposure to environmental 'goods' and 'bads' vary by travel mode. The findings showed that school journeys, particularly afternoon journeys and active school travel, involve frequent journey breaks and high rates of exposure to both environmental 'goods' and 'bads'.
JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT & HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ryan Gage, Anja Mizdrak, Justin Richards, Adrian Bauman, Melissa Mcleod, Rhys Jones, Alistair Woodward, Caroline Shaw
Summary: This study investigated the sociodemographic correlates of domain-specific physical activity (PA) in New Zealand adults. The results showed that gender, age, ethnicity, and area deprivation were associated with different levels of PA in various domains.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Anja Mizdrak, Lambed Tatah, Natalie Mueller, Caroline Shaw, James Woodcock
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the application of various transport health impact models globally and identified significant gaps and challenges, such as inadequate assessment of impacts on population subgroups. Future research should aim to capture a more comprehensive range of health pathways associated with transport to aid decision-making processes.
JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT & HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Jane O'Hallahan, Emma Church, Caroline Shaw
JOURNAL OF CANCER POLICY
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Michael Keall, Ralph Chapman, Caroline Shaw, Wokje Abrahamse, Philippa Howden-Chapman
JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT & HEALTH
(2018)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Caroline Shaw, Edward Randal, Michael Keall, Alistair Woodward
NEW ZEALAND MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2018)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Caroline Shaw, Simon Hales, Richard Edwards, Philippa Howden-Chapman, James Stanley
JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT & HEALTH
(2018)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Caroline Shaw, Michael Keall, Hayley Guiney
JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT & HEALTH
(2017)