Article
Veterinary Sciences
Raul E. Marin, Dale R. Gardner, Anibal G. Armien, Renne H. Fortunato, Francisco A. Uzal
Summary: Several plants containing indolizidine alkaloids, including swainsonine, are toxic to livestock and can cause storage disease. Swainsonine induces a neurovisceral disease known as locoism, which occurs in sheep, goats, and cattle in various parts of the world. Locoism has been reported in the Andean region of Argentina, affecting sheep, cattle, and llamas. This study describes cases of swainsonine toxicosis in llamas caused by consumption of Astragalus punae, which has not been previously reported.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pablo Fierro, Jaime Tapia, Carlos Bertran, Cristina Acuna, Luis Vargas-Chacoff
Summary: This study examined levels of heavy metals in water and fish in the Valdivia River estuary in Chile. It found that heavy metal concentrations were significantly higher in puyes than in silversides, with lead and cadmium levels in puyes exceeding the maximum recommended levels. This poses a risk to the human population.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Carmen Klein, Melanie Feist, Gabriela Knubben-Schweizer, Britta Dobenecker
Summary: High-yielding dairy cows collapsed and died with symptoms of a disturbed central nervous system and poor body condition. The possible link between the intake of chocolate chips and the observed signs was suspected, although further research on the theobromine intake and toxicity in ruminants is needed.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ruijie Huang, Huimin Du, Yuting Wen, Chunyan Zhang, Mengran Zhang, Hao Lu, Chenchen Wu, Baoyu Zhao
Summary: This study used a MaxEnt model to predict the suitable habitat distribution of Astragalus variabilis under current and future climate conditions. The results showed that temperature, precipitation, and organic carbon content were the main environmental variables influencing its distribution. Additionally, the study found a significant correlation between the habitat suitability of A. variabilis and the frequency of livestock poisoning. Future climate conditions are likely to shift the suitable habitat of A. variabilis to higher latitudes and altitudes.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Carlos O. Schild, Fabiana Boabaid, Mizael Machado, Anderson Saravia, Luiz G. S. Oliveira, Saulo Diaz, Ana Vildoza, Agustin Martinez, Rafael Martinez, Severo S. Barros, Franklin Riet-Correa
Summary: This study found that Nierembergia rivularis can cause enzootic calcinosis in cattle, leading to weight loss and reduced pregnancy rates, resulting in significant economic losses.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Patricio A. Diaz, Gonzalo Alvarez, Rosa I. Figueroa, Rene Garreaud, Ivan Perez-Santos, Camila Schwerter, Manuel Diaz, Loreto Lopez, Marco Pinto-Torres, Bernd Krock
Summary: Phytoplankton succession in the Patagonian Fjord System is modulated by atmosphericoceanographic forcing. During austral summer, the marine dinoflagellate Dinophysis acuta is replaced by the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia calliantha in a stratified water column. This transition is accompanied by a change in biotoxin profiles induced by the arrival of an intense atmospheric river.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuai Wang, Rong Guo, Yongxia Su, Chen Yang, Yazhou Guo, Chengjian Tan, Baoyu Zhao
Summary: Research has shown that Swainsonine induces both autophagy and apoptosis in cells, with autophagy playing a protective role. Modulating autophagy can affect the severity of apoptosis in cell damage caused by Swainsonine's toxicity.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shuai Wang, Yazhou Guo, Chen Yang, Ruijie Huang, Yuting Wen, Chunyan Zhang, Chenchen Wu, Baoyu Zhao
Summary: Swainsonine induces cell paraptosis through ER stress and MAPK signaling pathway, instead of autophagy or apoptosis, laying a theoretical foundation for the study of its toxicity mechanism.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Marwa Neyaz, Sumanjari Das, Daniel Cook, Rebecca Creamer
Summary: Swainsonine is a cytotoxic alkaloid produced by fungi, and its biosynthesis depends on the SWN gene cluster. The presence and conservation of swainsonine genes vary among different orders of fungi, suggesting a complex evolutionary history of the SWN cluster in fungi.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuai Wang, Panpan Tan, Hongwei Wang, Jicang Wang, Cai Zhang, Hao Lu, Baoyu Zhao
Summary: Swainsonine (SW) is a primary toxin in locoweed. This study reveals that SW inhibits autophagy degradation by affecting O-GlcNAcylation modification process, leading to cytotoxicity. These findings provide a new theoretical basis for the toxicological mechanism of SW.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Yunying Feng, Fengdan Wang
Summary: A 25-year-old man presented with symptoms of fatigue, nausea, and dry cough. Radiographs of the chest and abdomen revealed diffusely distributed metallic opacities.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Organic
Paula Franova, Stefan Marchalin
Summary: This review presents the latest developments in the synthesis of naturally occurring polyhydroxylated indolizidines and their synthetic enantiomers. Several novel polyhydroxylated indolizidines with inhibitory activity are reported.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Huirui Guan, Xin Liu, Luis A. J. Mur, Yanping Fu, Yahui Wei, Jing Wang, Wei He
Summary: This paper summarizes the symbiosis between plants in the Oxytropis genus and endophytic fungi, discusses the biosynthesis pathway of Swainsonine and the ecological role of host-endophyte symbiosis, and proposes a hypothesis that the co-evolution of host-endophyte originated from the need for host plants to adapt to stress.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yanan Xu, Weifeng Wu, Yi Chen, Tingting Zhang, Keling Tu, Yun Hao, Hailu Cao, Xuehui Dong, Qun Sun
Summary: The non-destructive and highly accurate discrimination of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus, A. membranaceus, and similar seeds using hyperspectral imaging was achieved, providing support for standardization in the Astragalus production industry.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Bing Yang, Xiaochun Wu, Jingqi Zeng, Jinjing Song, Tianhao Qi, Yanjun Yang, Dingkun Liu, Yulin Mo, Miao He, Liang Feng, Xiaobin Jia
Summary: This study investigated the potential of natural polysaccharides as carriers to improve the biopharmaceutical properties of active components. It was found that natural polysaccharides can self-assemble into aggregates and form complexes with the active components, thereby enhancing their stability, solubility, permeability, and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Agustin Martinez, Carlos A. Robles, Jessie M. Roper, Dale R. Gardner, Marwah S. Neyaz, Natalia Z. Joelson, Daniel Cook
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luciana A. Cholich, Agustin Martinez, Juan F. Micheloud, Maria E. Pistan, Enrique N. Garcia, Carlos A. Robles, Hugo H. Ortega, Eduardo J. Gimeno
Summary: This review summarizes information about swainsonine-containing plants in Argentina, which have been shown to induce alpha-mannosidosis in livestock. These plants contain the indolizidine alkaloid swainsonine, which inhibits lysosomal enzyme alpha-mannosidase and affects glycoprotein metabolism, leading to abnormal clinical symptoms and histological lesions in affected animals. The main animal model used for studying alpha-mannosidosis is the guinea pig due to its similarities with naturally intoxicated livestock.
ANAIS DA ACADEMIA BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIAS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohammadhossein Movassaghghazani, Nazanin Shabansalmani
Summary: The study revealed high levels of AFM1 in both breast milk and powdered milk samples in Tehran, with some samples exceeding the established limits. Therefore, monitoring and regulating toxin levels in these products is crucial for maternal and infant health.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Defeng Wen, Wantong Han, Quan Chen, Guanhui Qi, Mengling Gao, Pu Guo, Yu Liu, Zhongyuan Wu, Shulin Fu, Qirong Lu, Yinsheng Qiu
Summary: Luteolin can inhibit FB1-induced intestinal inflammatory injury by inhibiting the activation of NF-kappa B and ERK signaling pathways, according to network pharmacology and in vitro experiments.
