Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alicia Weier, Michael Enders, Philipp Kirchner, Arif Ekici, Marc Bigaud, Christopher Kapitza, Juergen Woerl, Stefanie Kuerten
Summary: Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Siponimod, the only approved drug for secondary progressive MS, acts on the peripheral immune system and does not have pronounced direct neuroprotective effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Boyi Zong, Fengzhi Yu, Xiaoyou Zhang, Yige Pang, Wenrui Zhao, Peng Sun, Lin Li
Summary: Since the discovery of the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel in 2010, research has been conducted to explore its role in various organ systems. Recent evidence links the activity of Piezo1 channel to the central nervous system. This review systematically summarizes current research on the channel, its implications for central nervous system mechanobiology, and its involvement in disorders.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia Doroszkiewicz, Magdalena Groblewska, Barbara Mroczko
Summary: The interaction between the gut microbiome and the brain plays a significant role in the development of neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychological disorders. Balanced gut microbiota composition presents new potential opportunities for therapeutic interventions in these diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Waiting Tai, Philip Chi Lip Kwok
Summary: This article compares pulmonary delivery to three other common routes (parenteral, oral, and intranasal) for delivering drugs to the central nervous system. It discusses the strengths of pulmonary delivery and suggests future research directions.
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG DELIVERY
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Xun Zhang, Jie Zhou, Zhongwei Gu, Hu Zhang, Qiyong Gong, Kui Luo
Summary: Despite advancements in medical services and lifespan, there has been a sharp increase in CNS disorders, posing challenges in diagnosis and delivery of diagnostic agents, especially across the blood-brain barrier. The use of nanomaterials is seen as a promising strategy to address these challenges, but further development is needed to overcome current obstacles in CNS diagnostics.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Huimin Jiang, Huimin Wei, Yifan Zhou, Xuechun Xiao, Chen Zhou, Xunming Ji
Summary: The functions of meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) are impaired in the aging process and CNS diseases, but the causal relationship with neuropathological changes is not fully understood. Recent studies have discovered that MLVs exchange components between cerebrospinal fluid and interstitial fluid and drain metabolites into cervical lymph nodes, directly connecting the brain with the peripheral circulation. Impairment and dysfunction can lead to the accumulation of toxic proteins, exacerbating neurological disorders.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daijing Sun, Jie Weng, Yuhao Dong, Yan Jiang
Summary: This article provides an overview of the hierarchical structures of 3D genome and discusses the alterations in 3D genome during normal brain development and in neuropsychological disorders. It highlights the connection between 3D genome organization and disease-related genetic variants in various disorders, offering novel insights into etiology.
JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND GENOMICS
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Daniela Nogueira Rocha, Eva Daniela Carvalho, Joao Bettencourt Relvas, Maria Jose Oliveira, Ana Paula Pego
Summary: This article explores the importance of mechanotransduction in the central nervous system (CNS) and its role in CNS pathology. It highlights the influence of the extracellular matrix's biochemical and biophysical components on cell behavior. Integrating mechanical properties into our understanding of CNS disease at a molecular level is crucial, as alterations in tissue mechanical properties are common in neurological diseases. Therefore, understanding CNS mechanotransduction pathways could lead to improvements in medical devices, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic strategies for CNS repair.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Jessica L. Mueller, Rhian Stavely, Ryo Hotta, Allan M. Goldstein
Summary: With the increasing prevalence of neurological disorders in an aging population, there is a critical need to better understand exogenous strategies for nervous system repair. Stem cell therapy offers a promising approach, but is limited by various factors. Researchers propose the use of autologous cells derived from the peripheral nervous system as an alternative source for CNS repair, which has shown neurogenic potential and eliminates concerns around tumorigenic risk, ethical considerations, and immune-mediated rejection.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Simon Rinaldi, Alexander Davies, Janev Fehmi, Heidi N. Beadnall, Justine Wang, Todd A. Hardy, Michael H. Barnett, Simon A. Broadley, Patrick Waters, Stephen W. Reddel, Sarosh R. Irani, Fabienne Brilot, Russell C. Dale, Sudarshini Ramanathan
Summary: Antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) are associated with CNS demyelination including optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. The study of an Australasian MOGAD cohort revealed a subgroup possibly mediated by coexistent autoantibodies, presenting with myeloradiculitis, combined central and peripheral demyelination syndromes, and inflammatory neuropathies, being responsive to immunotherapy.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Maria Luisa Barcena, Sarah Jeuthe, Maximilian H. Niehues, Sofya Pozdniakova, Natalie Haritonow, Anja A. Kuehl, Daniel R. Messroghli, Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
Summary: The study revealed that male sex is associated with a higher incidence of cardiac fibrosis, stronger inflammation, and decreased cardiac function in autoimmune myocarditis, while females show an anti-inflammatory phenotype with better cardiac outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Xin Qu, Lijuan Zhang, Lin Wang
Summary: This review summarizes the protective mechanisms of pterostilbene in CNS disorders, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, regulation of lipid metabolism and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, improvement of synaptic function and neurogenesis, induction of glioma cell cycle arrest, and inhibition of glioma cell migration and invasion. Molecular targets and pathways for the protective actions of pterostilbene are discussed, and future studies should focus on animal models and human studies to further evaluate its role and mechanisms in CNS disorders.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alessandro Trentini, Maria Cristina Manfrinato, Massimiliano Castellazzi, Tiziana Bellini
Summary: It is now known that sex differences play a significant role in the clinical manifestation, disease progression, and prognosis for cardiovascular and central nervous system disorders. Efforts are being made to understand these differences and utilize them for the discovery of sex-specific biomarkers and reevaluation of existing biomarkers in the field of sex/gender medicine. This review focuses on the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), enzymes involved in extracellular matrix remodeling, in cardiovascular and central nervous system disorders, and highlights the importance of considering sex as a determining factor in understanding MMP levels and their potential as sex-specific biomarkers for disease prognosis or progression.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lindsay A. Williams, Aubrey K. Hubbard, Michael E. Scheurer, Logan G. Spector, Jenny N. Poynter
Summary: The study found that astrocytic tumours had the highest incidence rates globally among childhood central nervous system (CNS) tumours. There was a male excess in incidence for all cancers, with medulloblastoma having a consistently elevated male-to-female incidence rate ratio. Incidence trends varied regionally, and countries moving from lower to higher Human Development Index (HDI) did not drive observed trends in incidence.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Alice K. Graham, Crystal Fong, Asghar Naqvi, Jian-Qiang Lu
Summary: Toxoplasmosis is an opportunistic infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii, affecting one third of the global population, with CNS/brain involvement despite CNS immune privilege. Clinical manifestations of CNS toxoplasmosis are commonly nonspecific, and T-cell infiltrates vary in acute and chronic brain lesions of brain toxoplasmosis, more common in immunocompetent and autoimmune patients compared to immunocompromised patients.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Olga Pivovarova-Ramich, Hanna Gwendolyn Zimmermann, Friedemann Paul
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Nutrition habits can influence the risk for MS, and dietary interventions may be effective in modulating MS disease course. Chronotherapeutic approaches like time-restricted eating (TRE) may benefit people with MS by stabilizing the circadian clock and restoring immunological and metabolic rhythms, thus potentially counteracting disease progression.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rosa Cortese, Marco Battaglini, Ferran Prados, Alessia Bianchi, Lukas Haider, Anu Jacob, Jacqueline Palace, Silvia Messina, Friedemann Paul, Jens Wuerfel, Romain Marignier, Francoise Durand-Dubief, Carolina de Medeiros Rimkus, Dagoberto Callegaro, Douglas Kazutoshi Sato, Massimo Filippi, Maria Assunta Rocca, Laura Cacciaguerra, Alex Rovira, Jaume Sastre-Garriga, Georgina Arrambide, Yaou Liu, Yunyun Duan, Claudio Gasperini, Carla Tortorella, Serena Ruggieri, Maria Pia Amato, Monica Ulivelli, Sergiu Groppa, Matthias Grothe, Sara Llufriu, Maria Sepulveda, Carsten Lukas, Barbara Bellenberg, Ruth Schneider, Piotr Sowa, Elisabeth G. Celius, Anne-Katrin Proebstel, Ozgur Yaldizli, Jannis Mueller, Bruno Stankoff, Benedetta Bodini, Luca Carmisciano, Maria Pia Sormani, Frederik Barkhof, Nicola De Stefano, Olga Ciccarelli
Summary: The study aimed to differentiate non-acute MOG-antibody disease from AQP4-neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis using MRI and clinical markers. The findings provide guidance for identifying patients with MOG-antibody disease in clinical practice.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Martin W. Huemmert, Franziska Buetow, Daria Tkachenko, Ilya Ayzenberg, Thivya Pakeerathan, Kerstin Hellwig, Luisa Klotz, Vivien Haeussler, Jan-Patrick Stellmann, Clemens Warnke, Yasemin Goereci, Thorleif Etgen, Felix Luessi, Paul Bronzlik, Stefan Gingele, Ann-Sophie Lauenstein, Ingo Kleiter, Paulus S. Rommer, Friedemann Paul, Judith Bellmann-Strobl, Ankelien Duchow, Florian Then Bergh, Refik Pul, Annette Walter, Hannah Pellkofer, Tania Kuempfel, Mosche Pompsch, Markus Kraemer, Philipp Albrecht, Orhan Aktas, Marius Ringelstein, Makbule Senel, Katrin Giglhuber, Achim Berthele, Sven Jarius, Brigitte Wildemann, Corinna Trebst
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of patients with NMOSD and MOGAD. It found that most patients had continued access to healthcare services and were satisfied with medical care during the pandemic. Their health-related quality of life did not decline.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Sven Jarius, Orhan Aktas, Ilya Ayzenberg, Judith Bellmann-Strobl, Achim Berthele, Katrin Giglhuber, Vivien Haeussler, Joachim Havla, Kerstin W. Hellwig, Martin Huemmert, Ingo Kleiter, Luisa Klotz, Markus Krumbholz, Tania Kuempfel, Friedemann Paul, Marius Ringelstein, Klemens Ruprecht, Makbule Senel, Jan-Patrick Stellmann, Florian Then Bergh, Hayrettin Tumani, Brigitte Wildemann, Corinna Trebst
Summary: The term 'neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders' (NMOSD) refers to aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG)-positive neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and related clinical syndromes without AQP4-IgG. NMOSD is distinct from multiple sclerosis (MS) in terms of pathogenesis, clinical presentation, treatment, and prognosis. Part 1 of this article series provides updated recommendations on the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of NMOSD, with a focus on distinguishing NMOSD from MS and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated encephalomyelitis (MOG-EM). Part 2 covers treatment options for NMOSD.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Orhan Aktas, Hans-Peter Hartung, Michael A. Smith, William A. Rees, Kazuo Fujihara, Friedemann Paul, Romain Marignier, Jeffrey L. Bennett, Ho Jin Kim, Brian G. Weinshenker, Sean J. Pittock, Dean M. Wingerchuk, Gary Cutter, Dewei She, Michele Gunsior, Daniel Cimbora, Eliezer Katz, Bruce A. Cree, N-MOmentum Study Investigators
Summary: The study investigates the relationship between biomarkers (sNfL, sUCHL1, sTau, sGFAP) and disease activity/disability in NMOSD, as well as the effects of inebilizumab. Results show that sNfL is the strongest predictor of disability worsening during attacks and follow-up, and inebilizumab treatment is associated with lower levels of sGFAP and sNfL.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Frederike Cosima Oertel, Hanna G. Zimmermann, Seyedamirhosein Motamedi, Claudia Chien, Orhan Aktas, Philipp Albrecht, Marius Ringelstein, Anitha Dcunha, Lekha Pandit, Elena H. Martinez-Lapiscina, Bernardo Sanchez-Dalmau, Pablo Villoslada, Jacqueline Palace, Adriana Roca-Fernandez, Maria Isabel Leite, Srilakshmi M. Sharma, Letizia Leocani, Marco Pisa, Marta Radaelli, Marco Aurelio Lana-Peixoto, Mariana Andrade Fontenelle, Joachim Havla, Fereshteh Ashtari, Rahele Kafieh, Alireza Dehghani, Mohsen Pourazizi, Romain Marignier, Alvaro Cobo-Calvo, Nasrin Asgari, Anu Jacob, Saif Huda, Yang Mao-Draayer, Ari J. Green, Rachel Kenney, Michael R. Yeaman, Terry J. Smith, Lawrence Cook, Alexander U. Brandt, Friedemann Paul, Axel Petzold
Summary: This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of intereye differences (IED) in aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (AQP4+NMOSD) and found that IED metrics are valid parameters for the diagnosis of optic neuritis (ON) in AQP4+NMOSD.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Martin W. Huemmert, Carlotta Stern, Friedemann Paul, Ankelien Duchow, Judith Bellmann-Strobl, Ilya Ayzenberg, Carolin Schwake, Ingo Kleiter, Kerstin Hellwig, Sven Jarius, Brigitte Wildemann, Makbule Senel, Achim Berthele, Katrin Giglhuber, Felix Luessi, Matthias Grothe, Luisa Klotz, Rasmus Schuelke, Stefan Gingele, Jurgen H. Faiss, Annette Walter, Clemens Warnke, Florian Then Bergh, Orhan Aktas, Marius Ringelstein, Jan-Patrick Stellmann, Vivien Haeussler, Joachim Havla, Hannah Pellkofer, Tania Kuempfel, Bruno Kopp, Corinna Trebst, Neuromyelitis Optica Study Grp
Summary: This study assessed cognitive performance in 217 NMOSD patients and found that a subset of patients showed impairment in visual processing speed and semantic fluency, regardless of antibody status. No significant changes were observed in cognitive function over a 2-year period.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Josephine Heine, Katia Schwichtenberg, Tim J. Hartung, Sophia Rekers, Claudia Chien, Fabian Boesl, Rebekka Rust, Christian Hohenfeld, Julia Bungenberg, Ana S. Costa, Carmen Scheibenbogen, Judith Bellmann-Strobl, Friedemann Paul, Christiana Franke, Kathrin Reetz, Carsten Finke
Summary: This study explores the clinical characteristics, associated structural imaging changes, and influences on fatigue severity in patients with post-COVID syndrome. The findings reveal that the fatigue experienced by these patients is associated with structural changes in the thalamus and basal ganglia, providing insights into understanding post-COVID fatigue and related neuropsychiatric complications.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marcel S. Woo, Christina Mayer, Thomas Theo Brehm, Gabriele Andersen, Angelika Weigel, Bernd Loewe, Ansgar W. Lohse, Marylyn M. Addo, Christian Gerloff, Johannes K. M. Knobloch, Julian Schulze zur Wiesch, Manuel A. Friese
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sina C. Rosenkranz, Michelle Ploughman, Lars G. Hvid, P. Zimmer, K. Erickson, Jan-Patrick Stellmann, Diego Centonze, Manuel A. Friese
Summary: This article aims to establish recommendations for future mechanistic exercise studies in multiple sclerosis (MS) by evaluating biomarkers to decipher the underlying mechanisms of exercise in MS and improve the understanding of therapeutic approaches.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Alexandros Hadjilaou, Johannes Brandi, Mathias Riehn, Manuel A. Friese, Thomas Jacobs
Summary: Malaria is a prevalent mosquito-borne disease, and cerebral malaria is a life-threatening complication that can result in death or neurocognitive impairment. There is a critical need to develop preventive, adjunctive, and neuroprotective treatments for cerebral malaria.
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Janis Kerkering, Bakhrom Muinjonov, Kamil S. Rosiewicz, Sebastian Diecke, Charlotte Biese, Juliane Schiweck, Claudia Chien, Dario Zocholl, Thomas Conrad, Friedemann Paul, Marlen Alisch, Volker Siffrin
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common chronic central nervous system inflammatory disease with variable clinical courses. Researchers investigated the mechanisms in benign MS (BMS) compared with progressive MS (PMS) using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). They found that BMS astrocytes exhibited less axonal damage and upregulated neuronal resilience pathways, accompanied by differential growth factor expression. Furthermore, cocultures of BMS astrocytes and neurons showed neuroprotective effects against inflammatory-induced neurite damage through the expression of specific growth factors and JAK-STAT activation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nina von Schwanenflug, Stefan P. Koch, Stephan Krohn, Tommy A. A. Broeders, David M. Lydon-Staley, Dani S. Bassett, Menno M. Schoonheim, Friedemann Paul, Carsten Finke
Summary: By applying a time-resolved graph-analytical framework, this study identifies a hyperflexible reorganization of brain activity in multiple sclerosis, characterized by increased global flexibility, promiscuity, entropy, and cohesion. This functional reorganization is linked to clinical disability, suggesting the importance of multilayer temporal dynamics in the manifestation of multiple sclerosis.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Carl J. J. Herrmann, Ludger Starke, Jason M. Millward, Joseph Kuchling, Friedemann Paul, Thoralf Niendorf
Summary: Accelerated T-2 and T-2* mapping using highly undersampled 2in1-RARE-EPI with compressed sensing (CS) reconstruction is feasible. The results show that for R-extra = 6, the overall MAPE for T-2* is <= 8% and <= 4% for T-2; for R-extra = 12, the overall MAPE is <13% for T-2* and <5% for T-2.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ludger Starke, Jason M. Millward, Christian Prinz, Fatima Sherazi, Helmar Waiczies, Christoph Lippert, Marc Nazare, Friedemann Paul, Thoralf Niendorf, Sonia Waiczies
Summary: The study demonstrates that siponimod can be imaged non-invasively using 19F UTE MRI, laying the foundation for further preclinical and clinical investigations. This technique provides an accurate understanding of the distribution of CNS-acting drugs in individual patients, which can contribute to personalized therapy.