Review
Pediatrics
Samuel Rhedin, Kristina Elfving, Anna Berggren
Summary: Distinguishing between viral and bacterial infections in febrile children remains challenging and there is a need for more accurate diagnostic tools. Recent studies have focused on host-pathogen interactions to identify pathogen-specific biomarkers as potential future diagnostic tools. Promising novel biomarkers are in development, but well-designed randomized controlled trials are necessary to evaluate their safety and effectiveness in guiding clinical decisions.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Andrew B. Dagens, Amanda Rojek, Louise Sigfrid, Annette Pluddemann
Summary: A systematic review assessed the diagnostic accuracy of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for Ebola virus disease (EVD). The results showed that lateral flow assays had a sensitivity of 86.1% and specificity of 97%, while rapid PCR devices had a sensitivity of 96.2% and specificity of 96.8%. These RDTs can be used as a 'rule in' test to expedite treatment and vaccination.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chih-Min Tsai, Chi-Hsiang Chu, Xi Liu, Ken-Pen Weng, Shih-Feng Liu, Ying-Hsien Huang, Ho-Chang Kuo
Summary: The study developed a novel score system to differentiate Kawasaki disease from febrile children, with emphasis on the importance of eosinophil in Kawasaki disease. The system showed good discriminatory ability and could help first-line physicians diagnose and treat Kawasaki disease early.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Vivianne Landry, Patrick Coburn, Karen Kost, Xinyu Liu, Nicole Y. K. Li-Jessen
Summary: Liquid biomarkers play an important role in the clinical management of airway diseases. Sputum and blood eosinophils are the most frequently investigated biomarkers for asthma and COPD, while salivary pepsin is the only biomarker with well-documented diagnostic accuracy for LPR. Inflammatory blood biomarkers are useful for predicting the severity, complications, and mortality related to COVID-19 infection.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Bruno Gil Rosa, Oluwatomi E. Akingbade, Xiaotong Guo, Laura Gonzalez-Macia, Michael A. Crone, Loren P. Cameron, Paul Freemont, Kwang-Leong Choy, Firat Guder, Eric Yeatman, David J. Sharp, Bing Li
Summary: Accurate and cost-effective multiplexed immunosensors are important for early diagnosis and monitoring of progressive diseases. This review compares different techniques for the development of multiplexed immunosensors and discusses the barriers and potential solutions for translating this strategy into clinical practice.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Md Alamgir Kabir, Hussein Zilouchian, Muhammad Awais Younas, Waseem Asghar
Summary: The dengue virus infects millions of people annually, and having access to testing is crucial in preventing future infections. There are various traditional and emerging methods for DENV testing, which can be effective in rural and low-income areas. Future guidelines are needed to enhance the efficiency of diagnostic tools during DENV recurrence or future outbreaks.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Katharine M. Simpson, Sarah M. Depenbrock, Rachel E. Oman, Christie E. Mayo
Summary: This article provides information on developing differential diagnoses and recognizing foreign animal diseases associated with dermatologic lesions in small ruminants for US-based practitioners. Sheep and goat pox are currently classified as foreign animal diseases in the United States and may cause similar lesions as endemic diseases including orf, ulcerative dermatosis, bluetongue, and dermatophilosis. Any cases with unusual dermatologic lesions associated with high morbidity and/or mortality should be reported to governmental authorities such as USDA APHIS or state regulatory veterinarians for herd or flock investigations. Vigilance from livestock veterinarians and small ruminant producers is crucial in preventing the entry and spread of economically devastating foreign animal diseases.
JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Trey W. Pittman, Daniel Balazs Decsi, Chamindie Punyadeera, Charles S. Henry
Summary: There has been a growing interest in using microfluidic devices for saliva analysis in recent years. This approach has the potential to provide more sensitive and selective analysis by collecting large quantities of saliva samples. The aim of this review is to provide an update on the use of microfluidic devices for salivary biomarker analysis.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Giulia Bertoli, Cristina Mazzi, Niccolo Ronzoni, Ronaldo Silva, Michele Spinicci, Marco Pozzi, Pietro Sponga, Andrea Aiello, Tamara Ursini, Alessandro Bartoloni, Piero Olliaro, Zeno Bisoffi, Dora Buonfrate
Summary: This study aims to assess the best CRP cut-off to distinguish viral from bacterial infections, finding that CRP had the best accuracy in differentiating between the two and that the optimal cut-off for CRP was 11 mg/L. Among malaria and intestinal parasite cases, CRP values were generally within normal ranges, but higher in malaria cases. Combinations of CRP with other biomarkers did not significantly improve the accuracy of CRP alone.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Xiaoyang Liu, Meimei Zheng, Jianmin Sun, Xingang Cui
Summary: A logistic regression diagnostic model based on CT features was developed to differentiate TS from PS. The simplified model with six predictors showed good sensitivity, specificity, and total accuracy.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Josephine van de Maat, Olga De Santis, Lameck Luwanda, Rainer Tan, Kristina Keitel
Summary: The study highlights challenges in using diagnostic test results, concerns regarding quality of antibiotic prescriptions, and frequent use of non-evidence-based complementary medicines in primary health care in Tanzania. Larger studies are needed to inform effective solutions.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Rosanna W. Peeling, Samuel K. Sia
Summary: Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of testing has been critical and expanding. However, there are still gaps in developing tests to fit public health needs and providing equitable access. This article reviews the evolution of testing use cases during the pandemic and highlights challenges faced by test developers at each phase. Lessons learned and future cooperative efforts among stakeholders are summarized, including the development of new funding models, investment in adaptable open-platform technologies, building data connectivity infrastructures, and facilitating the translation of innovation into use.
Article
Economics
F. Antonanzas, C. A. Juarez-Castello, R. Rodriguez-Ibeas
Summary: The study found that the use of POCT can reduce the number of antibiotic prescriptions, especially when physicians internalize the costs of antimicrobial resistances. Physicians with high levels of uncertainty are more likely to use POCT, while those with low uncertainty prefer empirical therapy. The acceptance of POCT among physicians depends on the distribution of levels of uncertainty.
HEALTH ECONOMICS REVIEW
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Akash Kumaran, Nathan Jude Serpes, Tisha Gupta, Abija James, Avinash Sharma, Deepak Kumar, Rupak Nagraik, Vaneet Kumar, Sadanand Pandey
Summary: With the increasing shift of molecular tests to on-site testing, there is a growing demand for nucleic acid-based diagnostic tools in point-of-care systems. CRISPR-based biosensors offer a promising approach to nucleic acid detection and can be combined with various readout methods for on-site analysis. This review explores the integration of the CRISPR Cas system with traditional biosensing readout methods and amplification technologies, as well as its potential in detecting viral and bacterial diseases. It also discusses the development of CRISPR biosensors during the COVID-19 pandemic and the challenges and future prospects of CRISPR Cas systems in point-of-care testing.
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sandeep Kumar, Monika Nehra, Sakina Khurana, Neeraj Dilbaghi, Vanish Kumar, Ajeet Kaushik, Ki-Hyun Kim
Summary: Advancements in POC diagnostic systems have gained attention due to their rapid operation and affordable cost. Smart sensing components are being developed to meet patient care needs, while technologies like smartphone-based operation and paper-based sensing assays are making POC diagnostics more sensitive and informative.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Virology
Isaac L. Downs, Carl Shaia, Xiankun Zeng, Joshua C. Johnson, Lisa Hensley, David L. Saunders, Franco Rossi, Kathleen A. Cashman, Heather L. Esham, Melissa K. Gregory, William D. Pratt, John C. Trefry, Kyle A. Everson, Charles B. Larcom, Arthur C. Okwesili, Anthony P. Cardile, Anna Honko
Article
Microbiology
Emily Speranza, Ignacio Caballero, Anna N. Honko, Joshua C. Johnson, J. Kyle Bohannon, Lisa Evans DeWald, Dawn M. Gerhardt, Jennifer Sword, Lisa E. Hensley, Richard S. Bennett, John H. Connor
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Caroline Atyeo, Matthew D. Slein, Stephanie Fischinger, John Burke, Alexandra Schafer, Sarah R. Leist, Natalia A. Kuzmina, Chad Mire, Anna Honko, Rebecca Johnson, Nadia Storm, Matthew Bernett, Pei Tong, Teng Zuo, Junrui Lin, Adam Zuiani, Caitlyn Linde, Todd Suscovich, Duane R. Wesemann, Anthony Griffiths, John R. Desjarlais, Boris D. Juelg, Jaap Goudsmit, Alexander Bukreyev, Ralph Baric, Galit Alter
Summary: The study highlights the critical need for strategic Fc engineering to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection. Experiment results show that functionally enhanced Fc variants can exacerbate pathological effects in mouse and hamster models, leading to weight loss and increased viral replication.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pei Tong, Avneesh Gautam, Ian W. Windsor, Meghan Travers, Yuezhou Chen, Nicholas Garcia, Noah B. Whiteman, Lindsay G. A. McKay, Nadia Storm, Lauren E. Malsick, Anna N. Honko, Felipe J. N. Lelis, Shaghayegh Habibi, Simon Jenni, Yongfei Cai, Linda J. Rennick, W. Paul Duprex, Kevin R. McCarthy, Christy L. Lavine, Teng Zuo, Junrui Lin, Adam Zuiani, Jared Feldman, Elizabeth A. MacDonald, Blake M. Hauser, Anthony Griffths, Michael S. Seaman, Aaron G. Schmidt, Bing Chen, Donna Neuberg, Goran Bajic, Stephen C. Harrison, Duane R. Wesemann
Summary: Memory B cell reserves can produce protective antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, but the impact on variants is unclear. Studying antibodies from convalescent individuals revealed seven major antibody competition groups, important for neutralizing the virus.
Article
Microbiology
Nerea Zabaleta, Wenlong Dai, Urja Bhatt, Cecile Herate, Pauline Maisonnasse, Jessica A. Chichester, Julio Sanmiguel, Reynette Estelien, Kristofer T. Michalson, Cheikh Diop, Dawid Maciorowski, Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet, Mariangela Cavarelli, Anne-Sophie Gallouet, Thibaut Naninck, Nidhal Kahlaoui, Julien Lemaitre, Wenbin Qi, Elissa Hudspeth, Allison Cucalon, Cecilia D. Dyer, M. Betina Pampena, James J. Knox, Regina C. LaRocque, Richelle C. Charles, Dan Li, Maya Kim, Abigail Sheridan, Nadia Storm, Rebecca Johnson, Jared Feldman, Blake M. Hauser, Vanessa Contreras, Romain Marlin, Raphael Ho Tsong Fang, Catherine Chapon, Sylvie van der Werf, Eric Zinn, Aisling Ryan, Dione T. Kobayashi, Ruchi Chauhan, Marion McGlynn, Edward T. Ryan, Aaron G. Schmidt, Brian Price, Anna Honko, Anthony Griffiths, Sam Yaghmour, Robert Hodge, Michael R. Betts, Mason W. Freeman, James M. Wilson, Roger Le Grand, Luk H. Vandenberghe
Summary: The AAVCOVID-1 vaccine candidate demonstrates potent immunogenicity in animal experiments and provides complete protection against SARS-CoV-2 in macaques. It has sustained neutralizing antibody responses and functional memory T cell responses, with no cross-reactivity to common AAVs used in gene therapy.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Upasana Das Adhikari, George Eng, Mara Farcasanu, Laura E. Avena, Manish C. Choudhary, Virginia A. Triant, Meaghan Flagg, Abigail E. Schiff, Isabella Gomez, Leah M. Froehle, Thomas J. Diefenbach, Larance Ronsard, Daniel Lingwood, Grace C. Lee, Seyed Alireza Rabi, Derek Erstad, George Velmahos, Jonathan Z. Li, Richard Hodin, James R. Stone, Anna N. Honko, Anthony Griffiths, Omer H. Yilmaz, Douglas S. Kwon
Summary: This study suggests that the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in stool indicates extrapulmonary dissemination to the gastrointestinal tract, leading to decreased survival in COVID-19 cases. Measurement of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in stool could be useful for assessing clinical risk.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Shakti Davis, Lauren Milechin, Tejash Patel, Mark Hernandez, Greg Ciccarelli, Siddharth Samsi, Lisa Hensley, Arthur Goff, John Trefry, Sara Johnston, Bret Purcell, Catherine Cabrera, Jack Fleischman, Albert Reuther, Kajal Claypool, Franco Rossi, Anna Honko, William Pratt, Albert Swiston
Summary: Physiological measurements can provide over 2 days of early warning with high AUC, and deviations in physiological signals following exposure to a pathogen are due to the underlying host's immunological response and are not specific to the pathogen.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiangzhao Ai, Dan Wang, Anna Honko, Yaou Duan, Igor Gavrish, Ronnie H. Fang, Anthony Griffiths, Weiwei Gao, Liangfang Zhang
Summary: Increasing surface heparin density on cellular nanosponges can enhance their inhibition against SARS-CoV-2, providing a facile approach to boost antiviral efficacy by mimicking host cells and utilizing glycan engineering strategies.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Curtis Cline, Todd M. Bell, Paul Facemire, Xiankun Zeng, Thomas Briese, W. Ian Lipkin, Joshua D. Shamblin, Heather L. Esham, Ginger C. Donnelly, Joshua C. Johnson, Lisa E. Hensley, Anna N. Honko, Sara C. Johnston
Summary: Diseases caused by Nipah virus infection have severe symptoms related to both respiratory and neurological conditions, and can also lead to delayed neurological sequelae. Through experiments on four African green monkeys exposed to the Malaysian strain of Nipah virus, we provide detailed information about organ-specific pathological findings, confirming the African green monkey as a reliable model for studying human Nipah virus disease. Additionally, we discover a chronic phase of the disease in this model, which may be crucial for studying the late onset and relapse encephalitis observed in human disease.
Article
Virology
Isaac Downs, Joshua C. Johnson, Franco Rossi, David Dyer, David L. Saunders, Nancy A. Twenhafel, Heather L. Esham, William D. Pratt, John Trefry, Elizabeth Zumbrun, Paul R. Facemire, Sara C. Johnston, Erin L. Tompkins, Nathan K. Jansen, Anna Honko, Anthony P. Cardile
Summary: Ebola virus disease is a serious global health concern with high mortality rates, requiring well-defined nonhuman primate models for testing candidate countermeasures. This study found that aerosol-exposed rhesus macaques displayed early markers of disease and a distinct disease course compared to intramuscularly challenged animals.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Fernanda Langellotto, Maxence O. Dellacherie, Chyenne Yeager, Hamza Ijaz, Jingyou Yu, Chi-An Cheng, Nikolaos Dimitrakakis, Benjamin T. Seiler, Makda S. Gebre, Tal Gilboa, Rebecca Johnson, Nadia Storm, Sarai Bardales, Amanda Graveline, Des White, Christina M. Tringides, Mark J. Cartwright, Edward J. Doherty, Anna Honko, Anthony Griffiths, Dan H. Barouch, David R. Walt, David J. Mooney
Summary: The study introduces a biomaterial COVID-19 vaccine based on mesoporous silica rods, which generates robust and durable immune responses. The vaccine, containing GM-CSF, MPLA, and SARS-CoV-2 viral protein antigens, can be rapidly deployed against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants or new pathogens.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Pavel A. Nikitin, Jillian M. DiMuzio, John P. Dowling, Nirja B. Patel, Jamie L. Bingaman-Steele, Baron C. Heimbach, Noeleya Henriquez, Chris Nicolescu, Antonio Polley, Eden L. Sikorski, Raymond J. Howanski, Mitchell Nath, Halley Shukla, Suzanne M. Scheaffer, James P. Finn, Li-Fang Liang, Todd Smith, Nadia Storm, Lindsay G. A. McKay, Rebecca Johnson, Lauren E. Malsick, Anna N. Honko, Anthony Griffiths, Michael S. Diamond, Purnanand Sarma, Dennis H. Geising, Michael J. Morin, Matthew K. Robinson
Summary: Through the study of the B-cell repertoire of recovered COVID-19 patients, we identified human antibodies that can neutralize various variants of SARS-CoV-2. These antibodies form a cocktail that can effectively inhibit viral infection in vitro and in vivo, and induce antiviral responses in the body.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Robert W. Cross, Ira M. Longini, Stephan Becker, Karin Bok, David Boucher, Miles W. Carroll, Janet Diaz, William E. Dowling, Ruxandra Draghia-Akli, James T. Duworko, John M. Dye, Michael A. Egan, Patricia Fast, Amy Finan, Courtney Finch, Thomas R. Fleming, Joan Fusco, Thomas W. Geisbert, Anthony Griffiths, Stephan Guenther, Lisa E. Hensley, Anna Honko, Ruth Hunegnaw, Jocelyn Jakubik, Julie Ledgerwood, Kerstin Luhn, Demetrius Matassov, Jeffrey Meshulam, Emily Nelson, Christopher L. Parks, Roxana Rustomjee, David Safronetz, Lauren M. Schwartz, Dean Smith, Paul Smock, Ydrissa Sow, Christina F. Spiropoulou, Nancy J. Sullivan, Kelly L. Warfield, Daniel Wolfe, Courtney Woolsey, Roland Zahn, Ana Maria Henao-Restrepo, Cesar Munoz-Fontela, Andrea Marzi
Summary: This article discusses the current progress, challenges, and future directions of MARV vaccines, as well as the formation of the MARVAC consortium to respond to the threat of this infectious disease.
Article
Cell Biology
Ruth Hunegnaw, Anna N. Honko, Lingshu Wang, Derick Carr, Tamar Murray, Wei Shi, Lam Nguyen, Nadia Storm, Caitlyn N. M. Dulan, Kathryn E. Foulds, Krystle N. Agans, Robert W. Cross, Joan B. Geisbert, Cheng Cheng, Aurelie Ploquin, Daphne A. Stanley, Thomas W. Geisbert, Gary J. Nabel, Nancy J. Sullivan
Summary: The Marburg virus is a highly dangerous virus that poses a significant public health risk, necessitating urgent research and development of countermeasures. Clinical trials have shown that the single-shot ChAd3-MARV vaccine can generate a rapid and long-lasting protective immune response, supporting its advanced clinical development.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)