Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Melek Karakurt Eryilmaz, Cengiz Kadiyoran
Summary: This study found that radiologic extranodal extension (rENE) is an independent prognostic factor for poor outcomes in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer, potentially leading to decreased distant metastasis-free survival and overall survival rates.
OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Maha Ibrahim Metwally, Mohamed Mobashir, Ahmed Hassan Sweed, Sara Mohamed Mahmoud, Aya Gamal Hassan, Kamal ElKashishy, Mohamed Eesa, Ismail Elnashar, Ashraf Elmalt, Ahmed Ibrahim Elsayed, Shaimaa Khaled Idris, Al Shaimaa Fathi Elshetry
Summary: This study developed a systematic approach for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis, imaging spectrum, and classification system for post-COVID-19 head and neck mucormycosis. The study identified risk variables for extra-sinus extension and used MRI-based staging to predict patient mortality.
ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Soung Yung Kim, Meinrad Beer, Dechen W. Tshering Vogel
Summary: Head and neck cancer is the fifth most common cancer globally, and imaging techniques such as CT, MRI, and PET/CT are routinely used for the evaluation of these patients. This review provides an overview of the various cross-sectional imaging modalities used in the assessment of HNC, including the latest advancements in imaging technologies for head and neck cancer diagnosis.
Article
Oncology
Olivia Chin, Eugene Yu, Brian O'Sullivan, Jie Su, Anais Tellier, Lillian Siu, John Waldron, John Kim, Aaron Hansen, Andrew Hope, John Cho, Meredith Giuliani, Jolie Ringash, Anna Spreafico, Scott Bratman, Ali Hosni, Ezra Hahn, Li Tong, Wei Xu, Shao Hui Huang
Summary: This study confirms the prognostic value of radiologic extranodal extension (rENE) and its role in clinical classification in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated in a western institution. It suggests classifying any unequivocal rENE as cN3, due to its significant impact on overall survival and disease free survival in NPC patients. The staging schema incorporating rENE in N-classification showed promising performance in this cohort.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jiangming Qu, Tong Su, Boju Pan, Tao Zhang, Xingming Chen, Xiaoli Zhu, Yu Chen, Zhuhua Zhang, Zhengyu Jin
Summary: This study confirms that free-breathing StarVIBE offers superior image quality for abnormal lymph nodes compared to VIBE, and it can accurately diagnose extranodal extension (ENE) by utilizing a composite MR criterion in head and neck cancer.
Review
Oncology
Albert Y. Han, Maie A. St John
Summary: The risk factors for lymph node involvement in cutaneous head and neck cancers include depth of invasion, tumor size, mitotic rate, ulceration, immunosuppression, and other histopathological factors.
CURRENT ONCOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Michael J. L. Hurrell, Tsu-Hui (Hubert) Low, Ardalan Ebrahimi, Michael Veness, Bruce Ashford, Sandro Porceddu, Jonathan R. Clark
Summary: Australia has the highest incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNcSCC) in the world, but finding an effective staging system is still ongoing. Despite significant contributions in prognostication and nodal staging by Australian institutions, challenges remain.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Laila A. Gharzai, Benjamin S. Rosen, Bharat Mittal, Michelle L. Mierzwa, Poonam Yadav
Summary: This article provides an overview of the current use of MR-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) for head/neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), as well as the challenges and developing research areas associated with its use.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Flora Yan, Hong Li, John R. de Almeida, John M. Kaczmar, Patrik Pipkorn, Joseph Zenga, Mary S. Richardson, David M. Neskey, Anand K. Sharma, Terry A. Day, Evan M. Graboyes
Summary: For patients with HPV-negative HNSCC, pN+ with ENEmi is associated with worse OS than pN+ without ENE. However, for patients with ENEmi, concurrent CRT is not associated with improved OS relative to RT.
OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Moran Amit, Chuan Liu, Frederico O. Gleber-Netto, Sameer Kini, Samantha Tam, Avi Benov, Mohamed Aashiq, Adel K. El-Naggar, Amy C. Moreno, David I. Rosenthal, Bonnie S. Glisson, Renata Ferrarotto, Michael K. Wong, Michael R. Migden, Erez N. Baruch, Guojun Li, Anshu Khanna, Ryan P. Goepfert, Priyadharsini Nagarajan, Randal S. Weber, Jeffrey N. Myers, Neil D. Gross
Summary: The study included 1258 patients with cutaneous head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and showed that the number of metastatic lymph nodes and the presence of extranodal extension are independent prognostic factors for disease-specific survival. Incorporating these factors into staging systems can improve the performance of the American Joint Committee on Cancer lymph node classification.
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Sang Ik Park, Jeffrey P. Guenette, Chong Hyun Suh, Glenn J. Hanna, Sae Rom Chung, Jung Hwan Baek, Jeong Hyun Lee, Young Jun Choi
Summary: This study reviewed the diagnostic performance of CT and MRI for detecting extranodal extension (ENE) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. The pooled sensitivity and specificity for detecting ENE were 73% and 83% for CT, and 60% and 96% for MRI. Subgroup analysis revealed variations in specificity for CT based on HPV status, and differences in sensitivity and specificity for MRI based on different radiological features. Interobserver agreement for both CT and MRI was substantial.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Zsuzsanna Iyizoba-Ebozue, Robin Prestwich, Sarah Brown, Emma Hall, John Lilley, Matthew Lowe, David J. Thomson, Finbar Slevin, Florien Boele, Louise Murray
Summary: When radiotherapy is used in the treatment of head and neck cancers, the brain may also receive radiation, resulting in potential neurocognitive changes and affecting quality of life. However, there has been limited research on this topic. Most studies show that neurocognitive outcomes are worse in patients who received radiotherapy compared to the control group, particularly in memory and language domains. Magnetic Resonance Imaging may be useful in detecting early structural and functional changes that can indicate future neurocognitive changes. Neurocognitive impairment is associated with poorer quality of life. More high-quality and large-scale studies are needed to draw definitive conclusions.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Daphne A. J. J. Driessen, Patrik Zamecnik, Tim Dijkema, Sjoert A. H. Pegge, Adriana C. H. Van Engen-van Grunsven, Robert P. Takes, Johannes H. A. M. Kaanders, Tom W. J. Scheenen
Summary: The study developed a new algorithm for evaluating lymph nodes in head and neck cancer patients using high-resolution T2*-weighted USPIO-enhanced MRI, based on the correlation between MRI signal intensity patterns and histopathology.
INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alba Bello Castro, Juan Seoane, Maximo Francisco Fraga Rodriguez, Francisco Gude Sampedro, Javier Seoane Romero, Benjamin Martin-Biedma, Pablo Castelo-Baz
Summary: The aim of this study is to measure the diagnostic interval of primary extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphomas affecting the head and neck and to discover any associated factors. The study found that comorbidities, symptoms of dysphagia, high proliferative activity tumors, and advanced stages of the disease were all associated with shorter diagnostic intervals. Raising awareness about these tumors and their presenting symptoms can lead to earlier diagnoses and better outcomes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Danny Lavigne, Sweet Ping Ng, Brian O'Sullivan, Phuc Felix Nguyen-Tan, Edith Filion, Laurent Letourneau-Guillon, Clifton D. Fuller, Houda Bahig
Summary: Magnetic resonance-guided radiation therapy (MRgRT) is a method that uses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) information to guide radiation treatment planning in patients with head and neck cancer. It has several potential advantages, including enhanced evaluation, adaptive adjustment, hypofractionation, and multiparametric response assessment.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Rongli Zhang, Ann D. King, Lun M. Wong, Kunwar S. Bhatia, Sahrish Qamar, Frankie K. F. Mo, Alexander C. Vlantis, Qi Yong H. Ai
Summary: This study retrospectively evaluated the diagnostic performances of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) for distinguishing between benign and malignant salivary gland tumors (SGTs). Significant differences in ADC(mean), D-mean, and D*(mean) were found between SGTs. IVIM showed higher accuracy than DWI in discriminating between benign and malignant SGTs due to its advantage in detecting Warthin's tumors (WTs).
DIAGNOSTIC AND INTERVENTIONAL IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Oncology
A. T. C. Chan, V. H. F. Lee, R-L Hong, M. -J. Ahn, W. Q. Chong, S. -B. Kim, G. F. Ho, P. B. Caguioa, N. Ngamphaiboon, C. Ho, M. A. S. A. Aziz, Q. S. Ng, C. -J. Yen, N. Soparattanapaisarn, R. K. -C Ngan, S. K. Kho, M. L. A. Tiambeng, T. Yun, V. Sriuranpong, A. P. Algazi, A. Cheng, E. Massarelli, R. F. Swaby, S. Saraf, J. Yuan, L. L. Siu
Summary: Pembrolizumab showed robust antitumor activity and manageable safety in patients with platinum-pretreated recurrent and/or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, it did not significantly improve overall survival compared with chemotherapy.
ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
W. K. Jacky Lam, Ann D. King, Jacob A. Miller, Zhiwei Liu, Kelly J. Yu, Melvin L. K. Chua, Brigette B. Y. Ma, Ming Yuan Chen, Benjamin A. Pinsky, Pei-Jen Lou, John K. S. Woo, Wan-Lun Hsu, Julia Simon, Denise L. Doolan, Tim Waterboer, Edwin P. Hui, Hui Li, Raymond K. Tsang, Kenneth C. W. Wong, Julian P. Goh, Alexander C. Vlantis, Qi Yong Ai, Lun M. Wong, Victor Abdullah, Jin Ching Lin, Chien-Jen Chen, Ruth M. Pfeiffer, Quynh-Thu Le, Anne W. M. Lee, Mingfang Ji, Sumei Cao, Jun Ma, Anthony T. C. Chan, K. C. Allen Chan, Allan Hildesheim
Summary: A meeting of experts in November 2021 discussed the performance and cost-effectiveness of EBV-based approaches for screening early stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Both serum EBV antibody and plasma EBV DNA testing methods were found to be favorable. Additionally, the use of MRI was recommended to increase the sensitivity of NPC detection without greatly impacting the cost-effectiveness of the screening program.
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Ann D. King, Qi Yong H. Ai
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kuo Feng Hung, Qi Yong H. Ai, Lun M. Wong, Andy Wai Kan Yeung, Dion Tik Shun Li, Yiu Yan Leung
Summary: The increasing use of CT and CBCT in oral and maxillofacial imaging has led to the development of deep learning and radiomics applications for maxillofacial disease diagnosis and management. Deep learning models have been developed for automatic diagnosis, segmentation, and classification of various maxillofacial diseases, while radiomics applications mainly focus on diagnosing occult metastasis and osteoarthritis. These models show high performance and have the potential for clinical use, but challenges in generalizability and reproducibility need to be addressed.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lili Li, Xing-sheng Shu, Hua Geng, Jianming Ying, Lei Guo, Jie Luo, Tingxiu Xiang, Longtao Wu, Brigette B. Y. Ma, Anthony T. C. Chan, Xiaofeng Zhu, Richard F. Ambinder, Qian Tao
Summary: Peptides/small proteins encoded by noncanonical open reading frames (ORF) of previously claimed non-coding RNAs have important biological functions but are largely uncharacterized. In this study, we identified and validated a small protein SP0495 as a novel tumor suppressor, frequently inactivated by promoter methylation in multiple tumors. SP0495 functions as a phosphoinositide-binding protein, regulating AKT signaling activation and autophagy. It inhibits tumor cell growth and induces apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, senescence, and autophagy through multiple mechanisms, including the modulation of phosphoinositides turnover and autophagic/proteasomal degradation of autophagy regulators. SP0495 has the potential to be a biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ze Zhou, Mary-Jane L. Ma, Rebecca W. Y. Chan, W. K. Jacky Lam, Wenlei Peng, Wanxia Gai, Xi Hu, Spencer C. Ding, Lu Ji, Qing Zhou, Peter P. H. Cheung, Stephanie C. Y. Yu, Jeremy Y. C. Teoh, Cheuk-Chun Szeto, John Wong, Vincent W. S. Wong, Grace L. H. Wong, Stephen L. Chan, Edwin P. Hui, Brigette B. Y. Ma, Anthony T. C. Chan, Rossa W. K. Chiu, K. C. Allen Chan, Y. M. Dennis Lo, Peiyong Jiang
Summary: Using a non-negative matrix factorization algorithm, this study identified distinct types of cfDNA cleavage patterns based on different end motifs. These profiles were associated with specific DNA nucleases and could be used to diagnose autoimmune disorders and cancer.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Shweta Mahajan, Hayri E. Balcioglu, Astrid Oostvogels, Willem A. Dik, K. C. Allen Chan, Kwok-Wai Lo, Edwin P. Hui, Anna Tsang, Joanna Tong, Wai Kei Jacky Lam, Kenneth Wong, Anthony T. C. Chan, Brigette B. Y. Ma, Reno Debets
Summary: Post-radiotherapy clearance of plasma EBV DNA is associated with prognosis in NPC patients. T cells, particularly CD8+ T cells expressing CCR1, 4 and/or 5, play a role in this clearance process. Differences in chemo-attractants related to T-cell chemotaxis are also linked to clinical outcome. Validation in larger cohorts is needed to confirm these findings.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nancy Y. Lee, Jonathan Harris, John Kim, Adam Garden, James Mechalakos, David G. Pfister, Anthony T. C. Chan, Kenneth Hu, A. Dimitrios Colevas, Steven Frank, George Shenouda, Voichita Bar-Ad, John N. Waldron, Paul M. Harari, Adam Raben, Pedro Torres-Saavedra, Quynh-Thu Le
Summary: The study aimed to assess the long-term toxic effects and clinical outcomes associated with adding bevacizumab, a vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor, to standard chemoradiation for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The results showed favorable long-term outcomes and no severe adverse events when using bevacizumab in combination with chemoradiation. Further investigation may be warranted.
Article
Oncology
W. K. Jacky Lam, Anthony T. C. Chan
Summary: A recent study has identified a new serological biomarker for NPC screening that targets the EBV protein BNLF2b. This biomarker demonstrated higher sensitivity and specificity for NPC detection compared with conventional antibodies.
NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Kaijing Mao, Lun M. Wong, Rongli Zhang, Tiffany Y. So, Zhiyi Shan, Kuo Feng Hung, Qi Yong H. Ai
Summary: This study systematically evaluated the procedures of radiomics analysis for characterizing salivary gland tumors (SGTs) on MRI. Radiomics analysis showed potential in characterizing SGTs on MRI, but its clinical application is limited due to complex procedures and a lack of standardized methods. This review summarized the procedures of radiomics analysis, focusing on reported methodologies and performances, and proposed potential standards for further development, which may benefit the application of radiomics analysis in characterizing SGTs on MRI.
Article
Oncology
Claire Petit, Anne Lee, Jun Ma, Benjamin Lacas, Wai Tong Ng, Anthony T. C. Chan, Ruey-Long Hong, Ming-Yuan Chen, Lei Chen, Wen-Fei Li, Pei-Yu Huang, Terence Tan, Roger K. C. Ngan, Guopei Zhu, Hai-Qiang Mai, Edwin P. Hui, George Fountzilas, Li Zhang, Alexandra Carmel, Dora L. W. Kwong, James Moon, Jean Bourhis, Anne Auperin, Jean-Pierre Pignon, Pierre Blanchard
Summary: This study updated the evaluation of chemotherapy for nasopharynx carcinoma through a network meta-analysis. The results showed that the addition of induction chemotherapy or adjuvant chemotherapy to chemoradiotherapy improved overall survival for patients with non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma compared to chemoradiotherapy alone.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Christopher C. H. Yip, L. Li, Thomas K. H. Lau, Vicky T. C. Chan, Carol C. H. Kwok, Joyce J. S. Suen, Frankie K. F. Mo, Winnie Yeo
Summary: This retrospective analysis compared the efficacy of olanzapine-based and NEPA-based regimens in controlling chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in breast cancer patients receiving AC. The olanzapine group showed higher rates of no rescue therapy and no significant nausea during cycle 1 of AC. However, there were no differences in quality of life between the two groups. Multiple cycle assessment revealed higher rates of total control in the NEPA group in later cycles. These results do not support the superiority of either regimen for breast cancer patients receiving AC.
HONG KONG MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Vanita Noronha, Aditya Dhanawat, Vijay Maruti Patil, Nandini Menon, Ajay Kumar Singh, Pankaj Chaturvedi, Prathamesh Pai, Devendra Chaukar, Sarbani Ghosh Laskar, Kumar Prabhash
Summary: Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy has shown long term survival benefits in patients with locally advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas.
Article
Oncology
Andrea Costantino, Claudio Sampieri, Gian Marco Pace, Bianca Maria Festa, Luca Cerri, Giorgio Gregory Giordano, Michael Dale, Giuseppe Spriano, Giorgio Peretti, Armando De Virgilio
Summary: This study aimed to predict the necessity of enteral nutrition at 28 days after surgery in patients with head and neck cancers. The results showed that the machine learning models had optimistic accuracy in predicting the need for enteral nutrition, but had moderate sensitivity.
Article
Oncology
Lirui Zhang, Qiaoshi Xu, Zhien Feng
Summary: This study presents a comprehensive clinical, genomic, and transcriptomic analysis of primary ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC). The results provide the first comprehensive molecular atlas for primary GCOC, including previously identified CTNNB1 mutation and novel alterations in MAP3K, EP300, and the 22q11.21 region. The transcriptome analysis reveals significant involvement of cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. More GCOC cases should be compared to validate these findings for accurate clinical guidance.
Article
Oncology
Emily Capone, Vittoria Perrotti, Ilaria Cela, Rossano Lattanzio, Lucrezia Togni, Corrado Rubini, Vito Carlo Alberto Caponio, Lorenzo Lo Muzio, Martina Colasante, Francesco Giansanti, Rodolfo Ippoliti, Stefano Iacobelli, Michael J. Wick, Nicole Spardy Burr, Gianluca Sala
Summary: This study explores the potential of galectin-3 binding protein (LGALS3BP) as a novel target for antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) therapy in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). The results show that LGALS3BP is highly expressed in ACC tissues and treatment with anti-LGALS3BP ADC leads to durable tumor growth inhibition in animal models.
Article
Oncology
Andrea Costantino, Claudio Sampieri, Piero Giuseppe Meliante, Armando De Virgilio, Se-Heon Kim
Summary: This study compares the outcomes of transoral resections using the da Vinci SP and da Vinci Xi systems for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). The results indicate that the da Vinci SP system has advantages in terms of reduced docking and console times, as well as improved rates of wide negative resection margins. However, there were no significant differences in complication rates or postoperative functional outcomes between the two systems.
