Journal
MUSCLE & NERVE
Volume 59, Issue 3, Pages 370-379Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/mus.26379
Keywords
angiogenesis; capillary domain area; epidural stimulation; skeletal muscle; spinal cord injury; treadmill training
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Funding
- University of Leeds School of Biomedical Sciences
- International Spinal Research Trust [NRB107]
- Medical Research Council [MR/K022911/1]
- MRC [MR/K022911/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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Introduction: The morphological characteristics of skeletal muscles innervated caudal to a spinal cord injury (SCI) undergo dramatic phenotypic and microvascular changes. Method: Female Sprague-Dawley rats received a severe contusion at thoracic level 9/10 and were randomly assigned to locomotor training, epidural stimulation, or a combination of the treatment groups (CB). Fiber type composition and capillary distribution were assessed in phenotypically distinct compartments of the tibialis anterior. Results: Spinal cord injury induced a shift in type II fiber phenotype from oxidative to glycolytic (P < 0.05) as well as capillary loss within the oxidative core and glycolytic cortex; the CB treatment best maintained capillary supply within both compartments. Discussion: The angiogenic response of CB training improved capillary distribution across the muscle; capillary distribution became spatially more homogeneous and mean capillary supply area decreased, potentially improving oxygenation. There is an important role for weight-bearing training in maintaining the oxidative phenotype of muscle after SCI. Muscle Nerve 59:370-379, 2019
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