Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 8, Issue 51, Pages 34933-34950Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b10470
Keywords
immune protection; oral vaccination; synthetic adjuvant; tailorable structures; antigen delivery; immune enhancer
Funding
- National Nature Science Foundation of China [31300650, 31270790]
- STS Plan Supporting Program of Fujian Province Cooperating Chinese Academy of Sciences [2016T3041]
- Key Project of Science and Technology of Fujian Province [2013N0039, 2012Y0070, 2013Y0082]
- National Thousand Talents Program of China
- Scientific Research Starting Foundation for Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars of State Human Resource Ministry of China
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Oral vaccines have become a recent focus because of their potential significance in disease prevention and therapy. In the development of oral vaccine-based therapeutics, synthetic materials with tailorable structures and versatile functions can act as antigen conveyers with adjuvant effects, reduce the time cost for vaccine optimization, and provide high security and enhanced immunity. This review presents an overview of the current status of tailoring synthetic adjuvants for oral vaccination, modification strategies for producing effectors with specific structures and functions, enhancement of immune-associated efficiencies, including the barrier-crossing capability to protect antigens in the gastrointestinal tract, coordination of the antigens penetrating mucosa and cell barriers, targeting of concentrated antigens to immune associated cells, and direct stimulation of immune cells. Finally, we focus on prospective synthetic adjuvants that facilitate the use of oral vaccines via two approaches, namely, in vivo antigen expression and cancer immunotherapy.
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