Journal
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
Volume 94, Issue -, Pages 364-375Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.09.045
Keywords
Chitosan; Xanthan; Surfactant; Silicone; Mechanical properties; Tissue engineering
Categories
Funding
- Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Educational Personnel (CAPES, Brazil)
- National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil)
- Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP, Brazil)
- Emerging Leaders in America Program (ELAP, Canada)
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Discovery Program)
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Collagen-based materials are probably among the most used class of biomaterials in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Although collagen is often privileged for providing a suitable substrate on which cells can be cultured or a matrix in which cells can be dispersed, its mechanical properties represent a major limitation for clinical translation and even for handling of the obtained regenerated tissue. In this work, the combination of polysaccharides chitosan (Ch) and xanthan gum (X) was investigated as an alternative for scaffolds for soft tissue engineering. Moreover, in an attempt to reach a compromise between obtaining highly porous biomaterials while maintaining appropriate mechanical properties, a surfactant (Kolliphor (R) P188, K) was added to Ch-X matrices to generate pores, while silicone rubber (Silpuran (R) 2130A/B, S) was used to balance their mechanical properties. Addition of K (10 or 25% w/w) increased the porosity and pore dimensions, while addition of S improved by up to 156% and 85% the elastic moduli and the elastic behavior of Ch-X-based scaffolds, under both compressive and tensile loads, respectively, at 50% strain. Relaxation tests confirmed that these materials do have a viscoelastic behavior. The presence of S increased thickness and microscale surface roughness and did not affect liquid uptake and stability, thrombogenicity, biodegradation and cytotoxicity of polysaccharide-based scaffolds. In conclusion, this work shows that Ch-X-S porous blends constitute suitable scaffolds for soft tissue engineering.
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