Journal
LIFE SCIENCES
Volume 212, Issue -, Pages 241-250Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.008
Keywords
High-fat diets (HFD); Small for gestational age (SGA); Overweight; Placenta; C-reactive protein
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81471467, 81630084]
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Aims: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of high-fat diets before pregnancy and/or during pregnancy on fetal development. Main methods: Female mice were fed with standard diets (SD) or high-fat diets (HFD). After 12 weeks, females were mated. In the SD + SD and HFD + SD groups, pregnant mice were fed with standard diets. In the SD + HFD and HFD + HFD groups, pregnant mice were fed with high-fat diets. All pregnant mice were sacrificed on gestational day (GD) 16. Key findings: Fetal weight and crown-rump length were increased in SD + HFD-fed mice, whereas were decreased in HFD + SD-fed mice. The levels of CRP and TNF-alpha in maternal serum and amniotic fluid were elevated in all HFD-fed mice. Placenta weight was elevated in SD + HFD-fed but not in HFD + SD-fed mice. Blood sinusoid areas, and the number of Ki67-positive cells, a marker of cell proliferation, were elevated in placental labyrinth layer of SD + HFD-fed mice, but decreased in HFD + SD-fed mice. Finally, placental Fatp1, a fatty acid transporter gene, was up-regulated in SD + HFD-fed mice. By contrary, placental Fatp1, and Snat2, an amino acid transporter, were down-regulated in HFD + SD-fed mice. Moreover, the levels of placental FATP4 and SNAT2 were up-regulated in SD + HFD-fed mice. Significance: HFD before pregnancy and HFD during pregnancy differentially disturb fetal growth development. HFD before pregnancy-induced fetal SGA might be partially attributed to inflammatory cytokines and mediators derived from maternal adipose tissue. By contrary, HFD during pregnancy-induced fetal overweight may be partially attributed to the increase of placental nutrient transport capacity.
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