Article
Oncology
Hong Xu, Shujun Zeng, Yingmei Wang, Tong Yang, Minmin Wang, Xuan Li, Yejun He, Xin Peng, Xia Li, Qing Qiao, Jing Zhang
Summary: Therapeutic resistance is a common cause of death in ovarian carcinoma patients. Polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) are believed to play a role in drug resistance following chemotherapy. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1), a type III deacetylase, is involved in cell cycle, cellular senescence, and drug resistance. This study investigated the impact of SIRT1 subcellular localization on PGCC formation, senescence escape, and response to paclitaxel treatment in ovarian carcinoma cells. The results indicated that cytoplasmic SIRT1 affects PGCC formation and survival, contributing to paclitaxel resistance.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Bo You, Tian Xia, Miao Gu, Zhenxin Zhang, Qicheng Zhang, Jianhong Shen, Yue Fan, Hui Yao, Si Pan, Yingna Lu, Tianyi Cheng, Zhiyuan Yang, Xin He, Hao Zhang, Muqi Shi, Dong Liu, Yiwen You
Summary: This study finds that autophagy is a critical mechanism for the formation of dormant polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCC), which are associated with the clinical risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma recurrence. Inhibiting autophagy can significantly reduce metastasis and recurrence, improving patient survival.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoran Li, Yanping Zhong, Xudong Zhang, Anil K. K. Sood, Jinsong Liu
Summary: By studying the dynamics of different cellular components during the formation of high-grade serous carcinoma organoids, we discovered that polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) can develop through various modes of nuclear replication. PGCCs undergo processes like asymmetric mitosis, endoreplication, multipolar endomitosis, nuclear fusion, and karyokinesis without cytokinesis. This leads to an increase in nuclear contents and heterogeneity, resulting in the formation of complex tissue structures. These findings suggest that PGCCs play a central role in malignant histogenesis, intratumoral heterogeneity, immune escape, and macroevolution.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shai White-Gilbertson, Ping Lu, Ikechukwu Esobi, Jing Echesabal-Chen, Patrick J. Mulholland, Monika Gooz, Besim Ogretmen, Alexis Stamatikos, Christina Voelkel-Johnson
Summary: Polyploid Giant Cancer Cells (PGCC) have been identified as drivers of cancer recurrence. This study shows that inhibition of the lysosomal enzyme acid ceramidase (ASAH1) or the rate limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis, HMGCR, can prevent the formation of PGCC progeny. The results suggest that disruption of cholesterol signaling may be a potential strategy to interfere with PGCC progeny formation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Yanwei Song, Yucui Zhao, Zheng Deng, Ruyi Zhao, Qian Huang
Summary: Polyploidy is a conserved mechanism in cell development and stress responses, and can be induced by various stress treatments, leading to the formation of giant tumor cells. These cells may escape death and contribute to tumor recurrence and metastasis, providing potential targets for cancer therapy. However, differences in formation mechanisms between these cells and other polyploid cancer cells remain unclear.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Ping Lu, Shai White-Gilbertson, Gyda Beeson, Craig Beeson, Besim Ogretmen, James Norris, Christina Voelkel-Johnson
Summary: The study reveals differences in sphingolipid metabolism between non-polyploid and polyploid cancer cells, showing that CerS6 in polyploid cells enhances the ability of the tumor suppressor p53 to inhibit progeny formation. Modulation of C-16-ceramide can prevent polyploid giant cancer cells from generating offspring, and targeting sphingolipid metabolism pathway holds potential for clinical intervention.
Review
Oncology
Lucia Gonzalez-Ruiz, Miguel Angel Gonzalez-Moles, Isabel Gonzalez-Ruiz, Isabel Ruiz-Avila, Pablo Ramos-Garcia
Summary: The study focused on the prognostic and clinicopathological significance of cyclin D1 (CD1) overexpression/CCND1 amplification in melanomas. The findings suggest that CCND1/cyclin D1 upregulation is a common molecular oncogenic alteration in melanomas, mainly due to overexpression of the cyclin D1 protein. This upregulation is associated with higher Breslow thickness, which is considered a significant prognostic factor in individual melanoma patients.
Article
Oncology
Na Niu, Jun Yao, Robert C. Bast, Anil K. Sood, Jinsong Liu
Summary: The research revealed that IL-6 plays a crucial role in the formation and transformation of PGCCs into CAFs, and blocking IL-6 can attenuate tumor growth and inhibit drug resistance.
Article
Oncology
Sanjay Mukherjee, Abdullah Mahmood Ali, Vundavalli V. Murty, Azra Raza
Summary: Polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCC) are a unique type of cells observed in cancer, arising when cells are stressed and playing a key role in tumor progression.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Hui-Ting Liu, Tian Xia, Yi-Wen You, Qi-Cheng Zhang, Hao-sheng Ni, Yi-Fei Liu, Yuan-Ru Liu, Yu-Qing Xu, Bo You, Zhen-Xin Zhang
Summary: The study successfully induced polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) using paclitaxel liposomes (PTX) and found that expression levels of certain proteins differed between PGCCs and normal cancer cells. The number of PGCCs in laryngeal cancer tissues was inversely correlated with overall survival time.
LARYNGOSCOPE INVESTIGATIVE OTOLARYNGOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Noah S. Hirshorn, Lauren M. Zuromski, Christopher Rapp, Ian McCubbin, Gerardo Carrillo-Cardenas, Fangqun Yu, A. Gannet Hallar
Summary: This study investigates the impact of new particle formation (NPF) on cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in montane North American regions using 15 years of direct measurements. The results show that NPF occurs on 50% of the studied days and significantly enhances CCN concentrations during winter and spring. Burst events are more common in summer and fall. This research demonstrates the significant impact of NPF on CCN in montane regions and its potential widespread influence.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Song Zhao, Sining Xing, Lili Wang, Mingyue Ouyang, Shuo Liu, Lingyan Sun, Huiying Yu
Summary: In this study, the effects of Docetaxel (Doc) on non-small cell lung cancer and the formation of polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) were investigated. It was found that Doc induced cell cycle arrest and cell death, but some cells survived and transformed into PGCCs. The PGCCs exhibited senescence features and showed increased expression of p21 and p-histone H2A.X. Furthermore, the mRNA level of IL-1β in the senescence-associated secretory phenotype was significantly increased with the development of PGCCs. Inhibition of IL-1β reduced p-histone H2A.X expression and promoted polyploidy, enhancing the proapoptotic effect of Doc. Thus, targeting IL-1β in PGCCs could be a potential approach to overcome drug resistance.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bertram Bitsch, Sean N. Raymond, Lars A. Buchhave, Aaron Bello-Arufe, Alexander D. Rathcke, Aaron David Schneider
Summary: In the pebble accretion scenario, the position of growing planetary cores relative to the water ice line plays a key role in determining the water content of inner planets. Pebbles blocked outside the water ice line result in a dry inner disk, while those blocked inside release water vapor, leading to wetter inner planets.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Alev O. K. Atilgan, Eda Y. I. L. M. A. Z. Akcay, Ozlem Ozen, A. Nihan H. A. B. E. R. A. L. Reyhan, Ali Ayhan
Summary: This study investigated the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of uterine adenosarcomas, as well as the microsatellite instability (MSI) status. The expression of ER, PR, CD10, and p16 was found to be associated with high-grade morphology. Cyclin D1 positivity and loss of CD10 expression were linked to shorter disease-free survival, while loss of ER and CD10 expression were associated with shorter overall survival. However, MSI did not show a significant relationship with disease-free or overall survival. Further research is needed to determine the role of p16, cyclin D1, and MSI in uterine adenosarcomas.
TURKISH JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Marta Alaiz Noya, Federica Berti, Susanne Dietrich
Summary: This study investigated the expression patterns of core cell cycle regulators in chicken embryos during early neurula and pharyngula stages. The results showed that some genes are specifically expressed in defined tissues, forming novel synexpression groups, and mRNAs of some genes accumulate in specific subcellular localizations. The study also found that expression patterns of orthologous genes may differ among different vertebrate models.
JOURNAL OF ANATOMY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
G. Liu, F. Fei, J. Qu, X. Wang, Y. Zhao, Y. Li, S. Zhang
CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Immunology
Yunhuan Gao, Wencong Shang, Dan Zhang, Shiwu Zhang, Xipeng Zhang, Yuan Zhang, Rongcun Yang
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Oncology
Kai Liu, Rui Lu, Qi Zhao, Jiaxing Du, Yuwei Li, Minying Zheng, Shiwu Zhang
Article
Oncology
Wenjun Du, Juan Sun, Jundong Gu, Shiwu Zhang, Tao Zhang
Article
Oncology
Kai Liu, Minying Zheng, Qi Zhao, Kexin Zhang, Zugui Li, Fangmei Fu, Hao Zhang, Jiaxing Du, Yuwei Li, Shiwu Zhang
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2020)
Review
Oncology
Kai Liu, Minying Zheng, Rui Lu, Jiaxing Du, Qi Zhao, Zugui Li, Yuwei Li, Shiwu Zhang
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2020)
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Kexin Zhang, Xudong Yang, Qi Zhao, Zugui Li, Fangmei Fu, Hao Zhang, Minying Zheng, Shiwu Zhang
STEM CELLS INTERNATIONAL
(2020)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Luyao Zhao, Yandi Liu, Shiwu Zhang, Muran Li
Summary: This study found that plasma mRNF180 could serve as a useful and noninvasive biomarker for the diagnosis of GC, with high sensitivity and specificity. Additionally, mRNF180 was found to be positively correlated with clinical-pathological characteristics of GC patients, which could help evaluate their prognosis.
BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Luyao Zhao, Muran Li, Shiwu Zhang, Yandi Liu
Summary: This study evaluated the potential performance of plasma SEPT9 methylation as a noninvasive biomarker for the diagnosis of gastric cancer. The results suggest that mSEPT9 may serve as a useful and noninvasive biomarker for the diagnosis of gastric cancer.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiaohui Yang, Minying Zheng, Yidi Ning, Jie Sun, Yongjun Yu, Shiwu Zhang
Summary: A prognostic model based on mesenchymal stem cell scores was established to predict the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients and guide immunotherapy and targeted therapy. The distribution of different risk groups was assessed, and the high-risk group exhibited an immunosuppressive phenotype and high micro-vessel density. Validation experiments further confirmed the relevance of prognostic genes and their correlation with ovarian cancer metastasis.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Linlin Fan, Minying Zheng, Xinyue Zhou, Yongjun Yu, Yidi Ning, Wenzheng Fu, Jing Xu, Shiwu Zhang
Summary: Vimentin plays an important role in regulating the migration and invasion of both PGCCs and their daughter cells.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Xiaorui Wang, Na Li, Minying Zheng, Yongjun Yu, Shiwu Zhang
Summary: Adipocytes are derived from pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells and histone modifications play a key role in their differentiation. Recent studies have shown that cancer stem cells can differentiate into adipocytes, reducing the malignancy of cancer cells.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Songli Shi, Mingming Zhou, Gang Wang, Jinling Xu, Dan Zhang, Minying Zheng, Shiwu Zhang
Summary: This study found that CK7-positive and dMMR status are associated with prognosis in patients with locally advanced low rectal cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. These statuses have potential predictive value for treatment response and can guide individualized treatment strategies.
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Qi Zhao, Ying Ma, Zugui Li, Kexin Zhang, Minying Zheng, Shiwu Zhang
STEM CELLS INTERNATIONAL
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Fei Fei, Chunyuan Li, Yuan Cao, Kai Liu, Jiaxing Du, Yanjun Gu, Xinlu Wang, Yuwei Li, Shiwu Zhang
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Marijn A. Scheijde-Vermeulen, Lennart A. Kester, Liset Westera, Bastiaan B. J. Tops, Friederike A. G. Meyer-Wentrup
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of integrating state-of-the-art sequencing techniques and flow cytometry into the diagnostic workup of pediatric lymphoma. The results showed that this integration is not only feasible but also provides additional diagnostic information.
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2024)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Enrico Berrino, Sara Erika Bellomo, Anita Chesta, Paolo Detillo, Alberto Bragoni, Amedeo Gagliardi, Alessio Naccarati, Matteo Cereda, Gianluca Witel, Anna Sapino, Benedetta Bussolati, Gianni Bussolati, Caterina Marchi
Summary: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples are crucial for tissue-based analysis in precision medicine, but the quality of these samples can affect the reliability of sequencing data. The use of acid-deprived fixatives guarantees the highest DNA preservation and sequencing performance, enabling more complex molecular profiling of tissue samples.
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2024)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Roope A. Kallionpaa, Sirkku Peltonen, Kim My Le, Eija Martikkala, Mira Jaaskelainen, Elnaz Fazeli, Pilvi Riihila, Pekka Haapaniemi, Anne Rokka, Marko Salmi, Ilmo Leivo, Juha Peltonen
Summary: This study investigated the immune microenvironment of cutaneous neurofibromas (cNFs) in patients with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1). The results showed that cNFs have substantial populations of T cells and macrophages, which may be tumor-specific. T cell populations in cNFs were found to be different from those in the skin, and cNFs exhibited lower expression of proteins related to T cell-mediated immunity compared to the skin.
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2024)