Article
Immunology
Yuhua Ru, Jinjin Zhu, Tiemei Song, Yiyang Ding, Ziling Zhu, Yi Fan, Yang Xu, Aining Sun, Huiying Qiu, Zhengming Jin, Xiaowen Tang, Yue Han, Chengcheng Fu, Suning Chen, Xiao Ma, Feng Chen, Jia Chen, Depei Wu
Summary: After haploindentical donor hematopoietic cell transplantation, the reactivation rates of EBV and CMV are higher and may have distinctive risk factors compared to HLA-matched HCT. Male recipients and acute graft-versus-host disease are independent risk factors for EBV and CMV reactivation. CMV reactivation is associated with worsened treatment-related mortality and progression-free survival, significantly impacting the survival of ALL patients. In the EBV+/CMV- subgroup, ALL patients have a lower relapse rate and better overall survival and progression-free survival compared to AML patients.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Julia E. Myers, Danielle L. Schaal, Ebubechukwu H. Nkadi, B. J. H. Ward, Malgorzata Bienkowska-Haba, Martin Sapp, Jason M. Bodily, Rona S. Scott
Summary: Coinfection of human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma affects EBV replication through the degradation of retinoblastoma (Rb) proteins by HPV16 oncoprotein E7. Knockdown of Rb reduces EBV lytic replication in differentiated epithelia and EBV-positive Burkitt lymphoma cells. Loss of Rb specifically affects the expression of EBV early genes and alters cell cycle progression and differentiation markers.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Virology
Giulia Ciccarese, Francesco Drago, Francesco Broccolo, Angela Pastorino, Laura Pizzatti, Laura Atzori, Luca Pilloni, Davide Santinelli, Alice Urbani, Aurora Parodi, Carlo Tomasini, Franco Rongioletti
Summary: This study investigated the association between human oncoviruses and melanoma. The detection rate of oncoviruses (HPV, EBV, and herpesvirus 8DNA) was found to be higher in mucosal and ocular melanomas compared to cutaneous melanomas. This suggests that oncoviruses may act as cofactors in the development of certain types of melanoma.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Agnieszka Jablonska, Branislav Zagrapan, Edyta Paradowska, Christoph Neumayer, Wolf Eilenberg, Christine Brostjan, Markus Klinger, Josif Nanobachvili, Ihor Huk
Summary: The study found that CMV infection may stimulate local inflammation in the aorta but is not a direct cause of most abdominal aortic aneurysms.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Julien Lupo, Mansour Tsougaev, Stephane Blachier, Guillaume Chovelon, Aurelie Truffot, Corentin Leroy, Joris Giai, Olivier Epaulard, Raphaele Germi, Patrice Morand
Summary: This study compared the performance of two immunoassays for detecting serological markers of EBV infection. The results showed a high agreement between the two methods, but differences were found in sensitivity and detection rates for early primary infection and past infection.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Fransenio Clark, Anna Gil, Ishwor Thapa, Nuray Aslan, Dario Ghersi, Liisa K. K. Selin
Summary: Older people have difficulty controlling infection with common viruses, and changes in T cell receptor (TCR) repertoires may contribute to waning immunity with age. There are differences in TCR usage between young and older individuals, particularly in the alpha and beta repertoires. Both young and older individuals have cross-reactive T cell responses to the common viruses, but the specific features of these responses differ.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Rui Su, Huanhuan Yan, Na Li, Tingting Ding, Baochen Li, Yuhuan Xie, Chong Gao, Xiaofeng Li, Caihong Wang
Summary: This study found that mNGS has incremental application value in patients with connective tissue diseases suspected of co-infection, showing high sensitivity in detecting pathogens, particularly with high positive detection rates in virus infections. Attention should be paid to rare pathogen infections and bacterial-virus coinfections.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Beniamin Oskar Grabarek, Piotr Ossowski, Justyna Czarniecka, Mateusz Ozog, Justyna Prucnal, Ireneusz Dziuba, Aleksander Ostenda, Konrad Dziobek, Dariusz Boron, Wojciech Peszek, Piotr Kras, Szymon Januszyk, Maciej Dabala, Tomasz Kasela, Marcin Oplawski
Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between HPV16/18, EBV, and HCMV infections and ovarian cancer. Real-time PCR was used to detect HPV, EBV, and HCMV in tumor tissue and normal tissue of the participants. The results showed that HCMV infection was significantly associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer, while HPV16, HPV18, and EBV were associated with a higher risk of ovarian cancer.
Review
Oncology
Mallory G. McKeon, Jean-Nicolas Gallant, Young J. Kim, Suman R. Das
Summary: Certain viruses, such as human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), are associated with the development of head and neck cancer. This study reviews the mechanisms by which these viruses cause cellular transformation and chronic inflammation, and examines the interplay between viruses, cellular transformation, inflammation, and the local host microbiome in head and neck cancer.
Review
Oncology
Yin Luo, Yitong Liu, Chengkun Wang, Runliang Gan
Summary: Epstein-Barr virus is closely associated with multiple human cancers, mainly lymphomas and carcinomas. The virus can induce oncogenesis through activating various signaling pathways in host cells.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Daming Chu, Tengteng Liu, Yuan Yao
Summary: This comprehensive review investigates the association between viral infections and uterine cervical carcinoma (UCC) risk, exploring the roles of various viral pathogens in UCC etiology and pathogenesis, as well as possible molecular mechanisms. Additionally, current diagnostic methods and potential therapeutic strategies targeting viral infections for UCC prevention or treatment are evaluated.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Alexander Glover, Zhaoqin Zhang, Claire Shannon-Lowe
Summary: Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogenous population of myeloid cells derived from monocyte and granulocyte precursors. They are pathologically expanded in conditions of ongoing inflammation where they function to suppress both innate and adaptive immunity. They are associated with inhibition of the anti-tumour immune response in cancer and are universally associated with a poor prognosis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Andrea Timea Takacs, Matyas Bukva, Csaba Bereczki, Katalin Burian, Gabriella Terhes
Summary: A classification model based on machine learning techniques was developed to distinguish EBV and CMV-related tonsillopharyngitis from other pathogens. This model can significantly reduce the overuse of antibiotics.
Article
Oncology
Kelly J. Yu, Wan-Lun Hsu, Chun-Ju Chiang, Tseng-Cheng Chen, Zhiwei Liu, Pei-Jen Lou, Scott Diehl, Alisa M. Goldstein, Chien-Jen Chen, Cheng-Ping Wang, Allan Hildesheim
Summary: This study reassessed familial aggregation of cancer in high-risk Taiwanese multiplex families with NPC cases and found evidence of NPC coaggregation within families, but not a broader familial syndrome involving NPC and other tumors. The study also observed elevated rates of secondary cancers among NPC cases, mostly head and neck and hematopoietic cancers, suggesting radiation treatment effects on subsequent cancer risk.
Article
Immunology
Armin Gerbitz, Regina Gary, Michael Aigner, Andreas Moosmann, Anita Kremer, Christoph Schmid, Klaus Hirschbuehl, Eva Wagner, Beate Hauptrock, Daniel Teschner, Wolf Roesler, Bernd Spriewald, Johanna Tischer, Stephanie Moi, Heidi Balzer, Stefanie Schaffer, Judith Bausenwein, Anja Wagner, Franziska Schmidt, Jens Brestrich, Barbara Ullrich, Stefanie Maas, Susanne Herold, Julian Strobel, Robert Zimmermann, Volker Weisbach, Leo Hansmann, Fernanda Lammoglia-Cobo, Mats Remberger, Matthias Stelljes, Francis Ayuk, Robert Zeiser, Andreas Mackensen
Summary: The study results showed that the use of CMV and EBV specific T cells derived from allogeneic stem cell grafts can safely prevent and preemptively treat reactivation of the viruses without inducing acute graft versus host disease.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Matthew G. Varga, Cecily R. Wood, Julia Butt, Mackenzie E. Ryan, Wei-Cheng You, Kaifeng Pan, Tim Waterboer, Meira Epplein, Carrie L. Shaffer
Summary: Infection with Helicobacter pylori is the greatest risk factor for developing gastric adenocarcinoma. Seropositivity to the uncharacterized H. pylori proteins Hp0305 and Hp1564 is significantly associated with cancer risk in East Asia. These proteins act with previously identified virulence mechanisms to promote gastric carcinogenesis by enhancing inflammation and facilitating delivery of oncogenic cargo.
Article
Toxicology
Rui Zhang, Myles M. Jones, Ronna E. Dornsife, Tongde Wu, Vijay Sivaraman, Robert Tarran, Rob U. Onyenwoke
Summary: Exposure to flavored JUUL e-liquids may result in loss of airway epithelial cell viability, induction of pro-inflammatory responses, and eventual apoptosis.
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Virology
Amanda Carroll-Portillo, Cristina N. Coffman, Matthew G. Varga, Joe Alcock, Sudha B. Singh, Henry C. Lin
Summary: Research shows that standard bacteriophage purification procedures may have detrimental effects on the quantity and activity of bacteriophages, especially in mixed samples. Minimal processing is recommended to reduce bias and maintain more of the bacteriophage population.
Editorial Material
Biology
Vijay Sivaraman, Rob U. Onyenwoke
Article
Microbiology
Cristina N. Coffman, Matthew G. Varga, Joe Alcock, Amanda Carrol-Portillo, Sudha B. Singh, Xiang Xue, Henry C. Lin
Summary: This study found that norepinephrine promotes the growth of Desulfovibrio vulgaris, and this effect is dependent on iron availability.
Article
Oncology
Harsha Ranganath, Amit L. Jain, Justin R. Smith, Julie Ryder, Amina Chaudry, Emily Miller, Felicia Hare, Poojitha Valasareddy, Robert S. Seitz, David R. Hout, Matthew G. Varga, Brock L. Schweitzer, Tyler J. Nielsen, Janice Mullins, Douglas T. Ross, David R. Gandara, Gregory A. Vidal
Summary: This study evaluated the association between a 27-gene IO assay and the efficacy of ICI therapy in advanced-stage NSCLC patients, finding that the IO score was significantly associated with response and progression-free survival.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Violet Kayamba, Julia Butt, Matthew Gordon Varga, Aaron Shibemba, Maria Blanca Piazuelo, Keith Turker Wilson, Kanekwa Zyambo, Simutanyi Mwakamui, Chola Mulenga, Tim Waterboer, Meira Epplein, Douglas Corbett Heimburger, Masharip Atadzhanov, Paul Kelly
Summary: This study evaluated the associations between H. pylori antibodies and gastric cancer, premalignant lesions, and gastritis in Zambia. The results showed that certain H. pylori antibodies were positively associated with different disease conditions, while others were negatively associated.
MALAWI MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sudha B. Singh, Cristina N. Coffman, Matthew G. Varga, Amanda Carroll-Portillo, Cody A. Braun, Henry C. Lin
Summary: Tight junctions are crucial for intestinal barrier integrity. This study reveals that Desulfovibrio vulgaris, a resident commensal bacterium, can contribute to leaky gut, providing new insights into the underlying mechanism of diseases associated with increased intestinal permeability.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Robert S. Seitz, Michael E. Hurwitz, Tyler J. Nielsen, Daniel B. Bailey, Matthew G. Varga, Brian Z. Ring, Carrie F. Metts, Brock L. Schweitzer, Kimberly McGregor, Douglas T. Ross
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical utility of the IO Score in bladder cancer and found a strong correlation between IO Score and inflammatory gene expression. Patients with positive IO Score showed significant improvement in overall survival in the cohort treated with ICI. The significance of IO Score remained when combined with other clinical factors and biomarkers. These results suggest that IO Score may serve as a promising biomarker for ICI clinical benefit across different tumor types.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
David L. Saltman, Matthew G. Varga, Tyler J. Nielsen, Nicole S. Croteau, Heather M. Lockyer, Amit L. Jain, Gregory A. Vidal, David R. Hout, Brock L. Schweitzer, Robert S. Seitz, Douglas T. Ross, David R. Gandara
Summary: Current biomarkers for ICI treatment in aNSCLC are not optimal. DetermaIO, a novel tumor immune microenvironment classifier, is associated with ICI response and potentially has clinical utility over existing biomarkers in aNSCLC. It provides additional stratification for first line treated PD-L1 >50% patients and identifies benefit in patients with poor performance status.
CLINICAL LUNG CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Tyler J. Nielsen, Matthew G. Varga, Catherine T. Cronister, Brian Z. Ring, Robert S. Seitz, Douglas T. Ross, Brock L. Schweitzer, Kimberly McGregor
Summary: Multiple targeted therapeutics, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and targeted agents for FGFR and Nectin-4, have been approved for the treatment of mUC. However, their effectiveness as monotherapies is limited and personalized treatment plans are crucial.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Alessandra Boccaccino, Robert Seitz, Mirella Giordano, Daniele Rossini, Margherita Ambrosini, Lisa Salvatore, Kimberly McGregor, Francesca Bergamo, Veronica Conca, Leonardo Provenzano, Stefano Tamberi, Matteo Ramundo, Giampaolo Tortora, Cosimo Rasola, Douglas Teller Ross, Alessandro Passardi, Tyler J. Nielsen, Matthew Gordon Varga, Chiara Cremolini, Carlotta Antoniotti
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Matthew G. Varga, Sudha Singh, Cristina Coffman, Amanda Carroll-Portillo, Henry C. Lin
Meeting Abstract
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sudha Singh, Cristina Coffman, Amanda Carroll-Portillo, Matthew G. Varga, Henry C. Lin
Meeting Abstract
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Amanda Carroll-Portillo, Cristina Coffman, Matthew G. Varga, Sudha Singh, Henry C. Lin