Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Huaxia Liao, Zhichao Cai, Jingsong Guo, Zhenya Song
Summary: ENSO is the most influential interannual climate variability, with a tendency for the mature phase to occur during the boreal winter. In this study, we evaluated the simulation performance of ENSO phase-locking in 50 models of CMIP6 and found that models with an intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) poleward bias tended to simulate more ENSO events peaking outside the winter season. The ITCZ poleward bias induces a dry bias over the equatorial Pacific, which restrains equatorial precipitation and convection anomalies during ENSO events, leading to a weaker eastern tropical Pacific thermocline anomaly and a peak in ENSO events outside the winter season.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Qin Wen, Zixuan Han, Haijun Yang, Jianbo Cheng, Zhengyu Liu, Jian Liu
Summary: The uplift of the Tibetan Plateau can increase the precipitation of the North American Summer Monsoon (NASM) by generating a stationary Rossby wave train and enhancing the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. As a result, there is a northward shift of the convection center and an increase in NASM precipitation, influenced by both local and remote forcing processes.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Pablo Zurita-Gotor, Isaac Held, Timothy Merlis, Chiung-Yin Chang, Spencer Hill, Cameron Macdonald
Summary: This paper investigates an aquaplanet moist global atmospheric model and finds that it can have multiple climate equilibrium states when there are no clouds and no convective parameterization. Through experiments, it is shown that radiation-circulation coupling is essential for this instability. Additionally, the study reveals that changes in the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) location can affect the distribution of atmospheric radiative cooling and lead to instability of the equatorial ITCZ. In this situation, two alternative climate states may exist.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
R. Chemke
Summary: The study reveals that ocean heat transport plays a critical role in the evolution of the Hadley circulation, significantly affecting its widening and weakening. OHT can reduce the expansion and mitigate the weakening, delaying the emergence of circulation changes.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bryam Orihuela-Pinto, Matthew H. England, Andrea S. Taschetto
Summary: Changes in the AMOC could lead to excess heat accumulation in the tropical south Atlantic Ocean and global atmospheric changes. Model analysis shows that AMOC collapse can accelerate the Pacific trade winds and Walker circulation.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Honghai Zhang, Richard Seager, Shang-Ping Xie
Summary: This study investigates the characteristics and mechanisms of the Indian Ocean intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) and finds that its position and orientation can be shaped by sea surface temperature and atmospheric processes. This has important implications for understanding the formation of the southern ITCZ in the Indian Ocean.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jian Cao, Xuanqiang Lian, Min Cao, Bin Wang, Hao Wang, Xiaowei Zhu, Haikun Zhaoa
Summary: The causes of historical changes in the Southern Hemisphere monsoon are less understood compared to the Northern Hemisphere. This study finds that, unlike the decline in the Northern Hemisphere monsoon, the precipitation of the Southern Hemisphere land monsoon significantly increased during 1901-2014. The increase is mainly attributed to the strengthening of monsoon circulation, influenced by the sea surface temperature gradient. The results provide valuable insights for future projections of the Southern Hemisphere monsoon and understanding the long-term changes in Hadley circulation.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Gabriel M. P. Perez, Pier Luigi Vidale, Helen Dacre, Jorge L. Garcia-Franco
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between synoptic-scale mixing and precipitation variability. It finds that organized filaments of moisture, known as attracting Lagrangian coherent structures (LCSs), play a key role in precipitation events. The results also show that these LCSs are closely related to circulation mechanisms such as the intertropical convergence zone and monsoon systems.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jesse Norris, Alex Hall, Chad W. Thackeray, Di Chen, Gavin D. Madakumbura
Summary: This study demonstrates the correlation between the strength of hydrologic sensitivity (HS) under El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and HS in the context of climate change. The findings suggest that central Pacific ENSO events are a better predictor of HS under future warming. GCMs with greater HS exhibit a weakening of the atmospheric circulation and expansion under ENSO.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Pengfei Zhang, Gang Chen, Yi Ming
Summary: This study provides a new analysis on the circulation response to increasing CO2 concentration in an aquaplanet atmospheric model. The results show that the zonal advection feedback plays a significant role in changes to the eddy-driven jet shift and Hadley cell expansion, contributing to the subtropical precipitation decline. The study highlights the distinct effect of zonal mean advecting wind and direct thermodynamic effects in atmospheric response to greenhouse gas increases.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Michael Rollings, Timothy M. Merlis
Summary: Observational techniques were used to analyze the relationship between Hadley cell extent, internal SST variability, and long-term warming. The study found a strong correlation between North Pacific decadal SST variability and Southern Hemisphere Hadley cell extent, as well as a linear sensitivity of Hadley cell width to long-term warming.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Moran Erez, Ori Adam
Summary: This study analyzes the energetic constraints on the time-dependent response of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) to volcanic eruptions. Contrasting stratospheric and tropospheric responses make net atmospheric energy transport a poor predictor for ITCZ shifts in the first year after eruptions, highlighting the importance of components of atmospheric and oceanic energy transport in setting the transient response. El Nino-like conditions typically appear in the second year post-eruption, followed by La Nina-like conditions after the third year, affecting the tropical rain belt via changes in surface conditions and associated energy transport variations in the atmosphere and oceans in a complex manner.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Seo-Yeon Kim, Seok-Woo Son
Summary: A study investigates the opposing circulation changes in the Southern Hemisphere during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) winter using parameter sweep experiments. It finds that an equatorward shift of the Hadley cell (HC) edge but a poleward shift of the jet latitude occur when polar cooling is much stronger than tropical cooling. The analysis shows that the jet shift is dominated by fast waves, while the HC-edge change is largely attributed to the activity of slow waves and the axisymmetric circulation change.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jae-Heung Park, Jong-Seong Kug, Young-Min Yang, Hyoeun Oh, Jiuwei Zhao, Yikai Wu
Summary: This study examined the impact of anomalous sea surface temperature in the north tropical Atlantic (NTA) on El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the diversity of this impact in climate models. The analysis found that the strength of NTA's effect on ENSO in the climate models was proportional to the intensity of the climatological subtropical North Pacific high system in boreal spring. The observed NTA effect on ENSO also became stronger during periods when the climatological subtropical North Pacific high intensified, indicating the importance of climatology in the NTA-ENSO connection.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xiaoqing Liao, Christophere. H. Olloway, Xiangbo Feng, Chunlei Liu, Xinyu Lyu, Yufeng Xue, Ruijuan Bao, Jiandong Li, Fangli Qiao
Summary: There is a lack of well-accepted mechanisms to explain the annual frequency of tropical cyclones (TCs) globally and in individual ocean basins. Recent studies using idealized models have shown that the frequency of TC genesis (TCG) climatology is proportional to the Coriolis parameter associated with the position of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). This study investigates the impact of the ITCZ position on TCG on an interannual time scale, using observations from 1979 to 2020.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Adrian E. Raftery, Alec Zimmer, Dargan M. W. Frierson, Richard Startz, Peiran Liu
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2017)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Oliver Watt-Meyer, Paul J. Kushner
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2018)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Aaron F. Z. Levine, Dargan M. W. Frierson, Michael J. McPhaden
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2018)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
R. H. White, A. A. McFarlane, D. M. W. Frierson, S. M. Kang, Y. Shin, M. Friedman
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2018)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
O. Watt-Meyer, D. M. W. Frierson, Q. Fu
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2019)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Akshaya C. Nikumbh, Arindam Chakraborty, G. S. Bhat, Dargan M. W. Frierson
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Tyler Cox, Kyle C. Armour, Gerard H. Roe, Aaron Donohoe, Dargan M. W. Frierson
Summary: This study focuses on the controls of atmospheric heat transport, specifically radiation and dynamics. The research shows that rotation rate and radiative tendency influence the strength of the Hadley cell and the efficiency of heat transport by eddies, with these controls not always operating independently and sometimes reinforcing each other. The study also examines how different components of atmospheric heat transport vary with latitude and how they sum to produce a smoothly varying total heat transport with latitude.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Akshaya C. Nikumbh, Arindam Chakraborty, G. S. Bhat, Dargan M. W. Frierson
Summary: The Indian summer monsoon rainfall variability is primarily influenced by the MISO and LPSs. This study focused on analyzing LPSs that produce extreme rainfall events in central India, finding that dynamic characteristics differ between LPSs triggering different sizes of events. Larger EREs are associated with slower, moister, and more intense LPSs occurring during the positive phase of MISO.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
A. R. Atwood, D. S. Battisti, E. Wu, D. M. W. Frierson, J. P. Sachs
Summary: This study examines evidence for large-scale tropical hydroclimate changes over the Common Era based on a compilation of 67 tropical hydroclimate records. It reveals regionally coherent patterns on centennial time scales, with notable dissimilarities between regional hydroclimate changes and global-scale temperature reconstructions. The study also highlights the need for further research to understand the mechanisms of widespread tropical hydroclimate changes during the Little Ice Age.
PALEOCEANOGRAPHY AND PALEOCLIMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Tyler Cox, Aaron Donohoe, Gerard H. Roe, Kyle C. Armour, Dargan M. W. Frierson
Summary: Despite differences in stationary eddy atmospheric heat transport (AHT) between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, total AHT remains similar due to compensation by other dynamic components. The addition of midlatitude mountains does not significantly alter total AHT, as changes induced by orography are compensated by changes in other AHT components. In summary, the atmosphere has mechanisms in place - including dynamic, energetic, and diffusive processes - to maintain relatively invariant total AHT in response to various factors such as orography.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
M. T. Dvorak, K. C. Armour, D. M. W. Frierson, C. Proistosescu, M. B. Baker, C. J. Smith
Summary: This study suggests that even with emissions halted, the Earth will continue to warm; we may already be on track to exceed 1.5 degrees Celsius of warming; and with decreasing greenhouse gas concentrations, the expected warming of 1.5 degrees Celsius may not occur until 2055.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Tyler Cox, Aaron Donohoe, Kyle C. Armour, Dargan M. W. Frierson, Gerard H. Roe
Summary: Given the key role of atmospheric heat transport in Earth's climate system, documenting its changes over the satellite era is valuable. Clark et al. (2022) found significant discrepancies in trends of atmospheric heat transport among four reanalysis data sets. However, accounting for mass-conservation issues in reanalysis data sets revealed smaller magnitude trends and better agreement among the reanalyses. This highlights the importance of mass corrections in calculating atmospheric heat transport.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)