Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 19, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113639
Keywords
chitosan; mucosal vaccine; needle-free immunization
Funding
- World Academy of Sciences (TWAS), Trieste, Italy [15-254 RG/CHE/AS_G-FR3240287028]
- Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning [2016R1D1A1B03933491]
- BK21 Plus Program of the Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Despite successful use, needle-based immunizations have several issues such as the risk of injuries and infections from the reuse of needles and syringes and the low patient compliance due to pain and fear of needles during immunization. In contrast, needle-free immunizations have several advantages including ease of administration, high level of patient compliance and the possibility of mass vaccination. Thus, there is an increasing interest on developing effective needle-free immunizations via cutaneous and mucosal approaches. Here, we discuss several methods of needle-free immunizations and provide insights into promising use of chitosan systems for successful immunization.
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