Article
Energy & Fuels
Sivakumar Pandian, Patel Chintan Dahyalal, Shanker Krishna, S. Hari, Deepalakshmi Subramanian
Summary: The study found that flow improvers made from cheap, reasonable resources such as CNSL are more effective than conventional additives, as they are cost-effective and eco-friendly.
JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
V Thanigaivelan, M. Loganathan, M. Vikneswaran, S. Venkatramanan, M. Manickam
Summary: This experimental research examines the performance of a diesel engine fueled with a biodiesel blend and hydrogen gas at different flow rates. The results show that a flow rate of 8 lpm of hydrogen gas combined with a B20 blend achieves the highest brake thermal efficiency and reduces the fuel consumption rate. Blending ethanol with the B20 blend further improves the engine's thermal efficiency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Hongwei Wu, Qing Li, Haolin Yu, Minmin Gu, Yudie Wang, Chensen Xu, Zhixin Liao
Summary: This work explores an eco-friendly approach to extracting cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) and refining cardanol from cashew nuts produced in Hainan, China. CNS, which is usually considered waste from agricultural processing, can be extracted into valuable CNSL using solvent extraction or supercritical CO2 extraction. The composition of extracted CNSL varies with different conditions, and less polar solvents extract more CNSL. Supercritical CO2 extraction also shows superior performance in CNSL extraction as an environmentally friendly method. CNSL from Hainan cashew nuts contains a high amount of anacardic acid. The extracted CNSL can be decarboxylated and separated to obtain a mixture of cardanol consisting of four olefins with different numbers of double bonds. Cardanol can be converted to saturated cardanol and high purity cardanol monoene through catalytic hydrogenation and catalytic transfer hydrogenation, respectively. Both saturated cardanol and cardanol monoene have promising prospects due to their chemical structure.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
William Iheanyi Eke, Ozioma Achugasim, Joseph Ajienka, Onyewuchi Akaranta
Summary: The modified CNSL derivatives showed promising results as pour point depressants and low-temperature flow improvers for waxy crude oil, with significant reductions in pour point and viscosity of doped crude oil. Analysis of doped oil micrographs indicated modifications to wax morphology and microstructure, demonstrating the potential of biobased oilfield chemicals derived from renewables as eco-friendly alternatives to conventional pour point depressants.
PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ermelinda Bloise, Maria Rosaria Lazzoi, Lucia Mergola, Roberta Del Sole, Giuseppe Mele
Summary: Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), a byproduct of the cashew industry, is an important natural source of phenolic compounds that can be used as an alternative to synthetic substances in various industrial applications. The unique functional groups of CNSL components allow for the design of interesting nanostructures with tunable properties for bioactive applications.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Antonia F. J. Uchoa, Weslley S. Rocha, Johnny P. M. Feitosa, Debora H. A. Brito, Lilian M. Gondim, Nagila M. P. S. Ricardo, Jorge B. Soares, Sandra A. Soares
Summary: This study evaluates the potential of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) as a renewable and low-cost resource to synthesize bio-based epoxy for asphalt binders. The epoxidized material (ECL) showed enhanced elasticity and improved rutting and fatigue resistance in the modified binders, making it a promising alternative to petrochemical-based additives.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
G. M. Lionus Leo, M. Chrispin Das, Ravikumar Jayabal, S. Murugapoopathi, D. Srinivasan, N. Mukilarasan
Summary: This study focuses on the reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion technology, which improves engine efficiency and reduces emissions. The results show that RCCI combustion significantly improves engine performance, fuel economy, and reduces nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. The use of a blend of diesel with cashew nut shell oil biodiesel (CNSOB) and the addition of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles further enhances the engine efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Adama Coulibaly, Mohamed K. Sako, Doudjo Soro, Sayon Sidibe, Richardson Yohan
Summary: This study investigates the valuation of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) mixed with diesel fuel as an energy source, and verifies its feasibility through combustion tests on a diesel engine. The results indicate that using purified CNSL as fuel up to 60% is possible, but improvement in purification techniques is still needed.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Cigdem Sahin, Lilia Magomedova, Thais A. M. Ferreira, Jiabao Liu, Jens Tiefenbach, Priscilla S. Alves, Fellipe J. G. Queiroz, Andressa S. de Oliveira, Mousumi Bhattacharyya, Julie Grouleff, Patricia C. N. Nogueira, Edilberto R. Silveira, Daniel C. Moreira, Jose Roberto Souza de Almeida Leite, Guilherme D. Brand, David Uehling, Gennady Poda, Henry Krause, Carolyn L. Cummins, Luiz A. S. Romeiro
Summary: Metabolic diseases are increasing at alarming rates globally. This study explored the potential use of phenolic lipid derivatives from cashew nut shell liquid as drugs for the treatment of diabetes and obesity. The compounds showed PPAR activity and tissue-specific effects, making them promising candidates for further development.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Son A. Hoang, Khanh D. Pham, Nhung H. Nguyen, Ha T. Tran, Ngoc Hoang, Chi M. Phan
Summary: This study presents a sustainable alternative to traditional lubricating grease thickeners by synthesizing a thickener from abundant agricultural waste, cashew nut shell liquor. The process offers an economical and environmentally friendly solution to replace thickeners derived from castor oil.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alexandra Geczo, Dimitrios Andreas Giannakoudakis, Konstantinos Triantafyllidis, Mohammed Ragab Elshaer, Elena Rodriguez-Aguado, Svetlana Bashkova
Summary: Activated carbons prepared from cashew nut shells by chemical activation with phosphoric acid were tested for the removal of acetaminophen. It was found that an increase in carbonization temperature resulted in increased pore volume and decreased amount of surface functional groups. The involvement of surface functional groups in the removal of acetaminophen was indicated to occur either via hydrogen bonding or by acid hydrolysis, with the carbon obtained at 600 degrees C exhibiting the highest adsorption capacity.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
James Nyirenda, Kadango Zombe, George Kalaba, Chipo Siabbamba, Inyambo Mukela
Summary: This study demonstrates the extraction of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) from cashew nut shell waste and the use of residues for activated carbon generation to remove heavy metals and methylene blue. The results show the potential industrial applications and environmental significance of this process.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
B. Deepanraj, N. Senthilkumar, D. Mala, A. Sathiamourthy
Summary: This study evaluates the performance of a diesel engine running on a blend of cashew nut shell liquid with an oxygenated additive and diesel, optimizing for brake thermal efficiency and specific fuel consumption. It is found that adding an appropriate amount of diethyl ether and lowering injection pressure can improve brake thermal efficiency, while blended fuel and higher additive addition are more advantageous for specific fuel consumption.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Harshitha Anchan, Snehal Jadhav, Saikat Dutta
Summary: Activated carbon (AC) produced from waste cashew nut husk and shell using phosphoric acid as the activating agent exhibited high specific surface area and excellent adsorption capacity for methylene blue. The synthesis of AC from these waste materials is a promising approach for the cashew nut processing industry, providing value addition and improving economic prospects.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kelson de Sousa Leite, Antonio Alves de Carvalho, Paulo Ronaldo Sousa Teixeira, Jose Milton Elias de Matos
Summary: One challenge faced by the ceramics industry is to enhance the corrosion resistance of ceramic materials, requiring detailed investigation using various characterization methods and understanding of technological properties. A protective coating, such as cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), can improve the corrosion resistance of ceramic materials. This study explored the inhibitory action of CNSL on corrosion.
Article
Energy & Fuels
K. Syed Jafar, M. Arulprakasajothi, N. Beemkumar, K. Elangovan
Summary: This research focuses on evaluating the potential of conical strip inserts in absorber tubes and their impact on the heat transfer, friction, and thermal properties of parabolic trough collectors. The novel design of the conical strip insert generates swirl flows, enhancing the thermal properties of the collector. The heat transfer effect is found to be dependent on the twist ratio, while the inclusion of inserts has minimal impact on pressure drop enhancement.
ENERGY SOURCES PART A-RECOVERY UTILIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
M. Arulprakasajothi, N. Dilip Raja, N. Beemkumar, K. Elangovan
Summary: A parallel flow heat exchanger was fabricated with conical sectional inserts of three different pitch ratios (1, 2, and 3) in orientations different from the working fluid flow direction. Al2O3 nanoparticles (90 nm size) with varying volume concentrations (0%, 2%, and 4%) were added to De-ionized water as the working fluid. The combined effect of the Nanofluid and the inserts in different orientations was studied, and it was concluded that the insert, flow direction, and Nanofluid volume concentration significantly enhanced heat transfer and improved thermal properties.
ENERGY SOURCES PART A-RECOVERY UTILIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sorakka Ponnappan Venkatesan, Parthasarathy Natarajan Kadiresh, Nagappan Beemkumar, Jeya Jeevahan
Summary: This study aims to find a new green fuel by mixing aqueous zinc oxide nanofluid with diesel to improve combustion and performance of diesel engines. Four different blends with varying dosing levels of the nanofluid in diesel were prepared and their properties were measured. Engine performance tests were conducted and the best blend, D + 50ZN, showed a maximum improvement of 5.38% in brake thermal efficiency and significant reduction in NOX, smoke, HC, and CO emissions.
ENERGY SOURCES PART A-RECOVERY UTILIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jayaprabakar Jayaraman, Karthikeyan Alagu, Harish Venu, Prabhu Appavu, Nivin Joy, Parthipan Jayaram, Anish Mariadhas
Summary: This study aims to produce high-quality rice bran biodiesel through enzymatic transesterification. The test results show that blends with lower biodiesel content perform well in terms of engine performance and emissions.
ENERGY SOURCES PART A-RECOVERY UTILIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Beemkumar Nagappan, Yuvarajan Devarajan, Elangovan Kariappan
Summary: The study introduces a solar-powered ejector refrigeration system with serially connected collectors to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Compared to traditional air conditioners, this system consumes 20-30% less energy and operates with a power consumption of 2.475 kW for the same specifications, making it a more energy-efficient alternative.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
A. D. Dhass, N. Beemkumar, S. Harikrishnan, Hafiz Muhammad Ali
Summary: In the past two decades, there has been a persistent emphasis on developing energy generation systems that are free from greenhouse gas emissions in order to combat global warming and its resulting effects. Solar photovoltaic systems have been identified as a promising method for generating electricity, although they suffer from various losses that limit their conversion efficiency. This article reviews several studies that analyze the effects of factors such as parasitic resistances, dust, clouds, solar radiation, temperature, and humidity on the performance of solar photovoltaic systems, as well as suggesting remedies for these issues.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHOTOENERGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Gayatri Vaidya, Dinesh Babu Munuswamy, Yuvarajan Devarajan, Gautam Choubey, Beemkumar Nagappan, Chidambaranathan Bibin
Summary: Large-scale biofuel production using edible crops leads to economic imbalance and depletion of food supply. Biofuels derived from inedible feedstocks are a viable solution to these issues. This research focuses on optimizing the efficiency of bio-oil synthesis from Sinapis Arvensis seed oil (SASO) to obtain the highest yield. The recommended optimal entities were found to be effective in maximizing yield.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND PROCESSING-PROCESS INTENSIFICATION
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammed Anees Sheik, M. K. Aravindan, N. Beemkumar, Prem Kumar Chaurasiya, Ravindra Jilte, Saboor Shaik, Asif Afzal
Summary: This article presents the findings of an experimental study on cooling a photovoltaic system using phase change material (PCM) and nano phase change material (NPCM). The results show that using PCM and NPCM cooling systems can improve electrical efficiency and power output, while reducing panel temperature, with positive effects.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuvarajan Devarajan, Dinesh Babu Munuswamy, Ganesan Subbiah, Suresh Vellaiyan, Beemkumar Nagappan, Edwin Geo Varuvel, Jeyaseelan Thangaraja
Summary: Biodiesel emits fewer harmful pollutants than other renewable and biodegradable fuels. Edible products and crops are the main sources of biofuel production, but their excessive usage leads to various issues. Utilizing inedible oil and products as a potential feedstock for biofuel production offers both opportunities and challenges.
SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
S. Senthur Prabu, S. M. Muthu, S. Sujai, K. Devendranath Ramkumar, N. Beemkumar, Elangovan Kariappan
Summary: This study investigates the hot corrosion behavior of Inconel 625 similar joints welded using pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding (PCGTAW). It focuses on the microstructural changes at the fusion zone and weld interface using two different Ni-Mo-rich fillers (ERNiCrCoMo-1 and ERNiCrMo-4). The results show that the weld joints with ERNiCrMo-4 filler have slightly higher strength and experience fractures in the base metal regions. The test results reveal severe corrosion attacks in salt conditions compared to air conditions, and recommend the use of ERNiCrMo-4 filler for better corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures in simulated boiler environments.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Manufacturing
D. J. Hiran Gabriel, M. Parthiban, I. Kantharaj, N. Beemkumar
Summary: Cutting fluid has been used in engineering for hundreds of years, playing a critical role in component processing efficiency and surface quality. Water-based cutting fluid dominates with over 90% usage. However, conventional methods of coolant application are not sustainable, economical, or environmentally friendly. Sustainable alternatives like solid lubrication, cryogenic cooling, MQL, and heat pipe-assisted cooling processes have been developed and implemented in recent decades, leading to improved machinability. This review focuses on studying the adverse effects of water-based cutting fluids and identifying the best available sustainable method that is economic, environmental, and operator-friendly.
MACHINING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
S. M. Muthu, S. Senthur Prabu, S. Sujai, K. Devendranath Ramkumar, N. Beemkumar, Elangovan Kariappan
Summary: Alloy 625 joining using ERNiCrMo-4 filler wire through pulsing current gas tungsten arc (PCGTA) welding method was studied. The cyclic high-temperature performance of the weldments was investigated at 700 degrees C in molten salt (MS) K2SO4-60% NaCl and air environment. The corrosion kinetics of the weldments were evaluated using the weight change method. A thin scale with no significant failure was observed on the surface of the oxidized weldment. However, in the MS condition, the weldment experienced oxide scale cracking and spallation due to the presence of deposited salts. The damage mechanism of the scales developed on the weldments under the MS condition is discussed.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Varun Kumar Singh, N. Beemkumar, Sneha Kashyap, Swati Gupta, Daxa Vekariya, Vincent Balu, Mukrsh Rajput
Summary: Raman spectroscopy, combined with nanofabrication and machine learning, is used to detect tumor precursor lesions in polymeric materials. The proposed method achieves high accuracy in detecting lesions through spectral analysis and deep learning models.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
N. Beemkumar, Manish Kaushik, Atri Deo Tripathi, Meenakshi Sharma, Shafat Ahmad Khan, Ramesh Chandra Sharma
Summary: The utilization of Organic/inorganic hybrid nanomaterials (HNMs) combining chitosan (Cs)-Pluronic F127 (PF) and magnesium oxide (MgCsPF) has significantly improved antibacterial, anticancer, and biocompatibility properties. The antibacterial and anticancer effects of MgCsPF HNMs rely on the generation of active free radicals (ROS), which is influenced by various factors. The synthesized MgCsPF HNMs exhibit enhanced antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria and superior anticancer properties compared to other samples.
SURFACES AND INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohammed Anees Sheik, M. K. Aravindan, N. Beemkumar, Prem Kumar Chaurasiya, Joshuva Arockia Dhanraj
Summary: This study investigates the effect of nano-SiO2 and nano-Al2O3 additions on the thermal conductivity and melting temperature of phase change materials (PCMs). The results show that the addition of nanoparticles increases the thermal conductivity and accelerates the melting process. The best performance is achieved with a mass fraction of 20% for both nano-SiO2 and nano-Al2O3.
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
