Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sumeet Gulati, Krithi K. Karanth, Nguyet Anh Le, Frederik Noack
Summary: Reducing costs from human-wildlife conflict is a conservation priority, with most costs borne by rural households. Data from a survey of 5,196 households near 11 wildlife reserves in India show that costs from human casualties outweigh crop and livestock damages. Understanding and reducing human casualties are crucial to addressing the costs of conflict.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Ruth Kansky, Martin Kidd, Joern Fischer
Summary: Living with wild mammals poses a critical challenge globally, particularly in mixed-use landscapes like Transfrontier Conservation Areas. The success of conservation initiatives depends on local communities' willingness to tolerate potential costs from wildlife. Non-monetary benefits were found to be significant drivers of tolerance, indicating that they can promote tolerance even in the absence of monetary benefits. Comparing drivers of tolerance across five large mammal species revealed some similarities that can help develop common strategies to promote tolerance for all species in the landscape.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
R. R. Hilario, W. D. Carvalho, C. Gheler-Costa, L. M. C. Rosalino, T. A. Marques, C. H. Adania, J. S. Paulino, P. M. Almeida, K. Mustin
Summary: The study evaluated the impact of human activities and natural characteristics on the risks that different types of human-wildlife impacts pose to animals, and explored the relationship between animal size, type of impact event, survival rates, and rehabilitative outcomes.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Suzanne Brandon
Summary: This paper explores the intersection of cheetah ecology, human wildlife conflict, settler colonialism, and private land ownership in Namibia. It analyzes the conflicts between the commercial farming industry and cheetah conservation, highlighting the role of human-wildlife conflict as an organizing structure in the conservation efforts. The study also identifies the need for a broader understanding of NGO conservation practices in Africa.
ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING E-NATURE AND SPACE
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Kristin Hoel, Andrew Chin, Jacqueline Lau
Summary: This study explores the conflict surrounding shark depredation in Queensland fisheries and reveals that the issue is not only about economic costs but also about clashes in conservation values and distrust of management and science. It highlights the importance of a pragmatic approach and considering local fisher values to rebuild trust and enhance collaboration.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Esmail Bagheriyan, Azadeh Karimi, Hossein Yazdandad
Summary: This study investigates the spatial and temporal trends of conflicts between rural communities and wild animals in a protected area in northeastern Iran. Wild boars, wolves, and leopards were found to be responsible for the majority of attacks on humans, livestock, and crops. The study identifies conflict hotspots and their temporal clustering, which can guide managers in mitigating conflicts and allocating resources effectively.
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
(2023)
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Ann Eklund, Asa Waldo, Maria Johansson, Jens Frank
Summary: The coexistence of humans and wildlife can have positive or negative interactions and can also lead to positive or negative interactions among human actors. The concept of Human Wildlife Conflicts (HWC) is criticized for being imprecise, and a distinction between wildlife impacts and social conflicts has been suggested. This review paper disentangles the concept of HWC using the Human-Environment Interaction Model and Appraisal Theory of Emotion. Understanding and empathy between actors are important for future coexistence and sustainable conservation of wildlife in multiuse landscapes.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Helina Jolly, Terre Satterfield, Milind Kandlikar, T. R. Suma
Summary: As human-wildlife conflicts intensify, the importance of tolerance and acceptance of wildlife is increasingly emphasized. However, current conservation studies lack a comprehensive understanding of positive interactions between humans and animals, resulting in potentially inaccurate portrayals of human-animal encounters. This study explores Indigenous perspectives on human-wildlife coexistence in India by examining the viewpoints of the Kattunayakans, a forest-dwelling Adivasi community. The findings reveal that the Kattunayakans demonstrate tolerance and acceptance of wild animals, highlighting three central ideas: seeing wild animals as rational beings capable of communication, perceiving them as gods, teachers, and equals, and recognizing them as relatives with shared origins practicing dharmam. It is argued that incorporating these perspectives can enhance forest management in India and contribute to resolving human-wildlife conflicts more effectively.
CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Development Studies
Goutam Karmakar, Somasree Sarkar
Summary: This article discusses the positioning of the Bollywood film Sherni (2021), directed by Amit Masurkar, within the paradigm of ecocinema. It analyzes the film's portrayal of multi-level challenges within the conservation system, including the conflict between development and conservation, the entanglement of the conservation system and corruption, and the (im)possibility of achieving environmental justice while considering the interests of wildlife and indigenous people.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Angeline C. Canney, Lauren M. McGough, Nate A. Bickford, Kenneth E. Wallen
Summary: Human-raptor interactions are primarily characterized by persecution and habitat disturbance. Most research focuses on the ecological effects of human activities on raptors, while social and cultural causes are relatively understudied. Conducting investigations on human behavior, culture, and politics is imperative for the conservation of raptor species.
Article
Ecology
Eduard Gargallo
Summary: Namibia's Conservancies have been praised as successful examples of Community Conservation since the 1990s, but the growth in game numbers has led to increased Human-Wildlife Conflict incidents, causing damages and stress to local populations. Compensation and conservation benefits often do not outweigh the costs of HWC, resulting in stricter boundaries and enclosure of separate areas for humans and wildlife.
JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Alexia Tommasi, Andreas G. J. Tredoux, Jacek A. Koziel, Giulia Esposito
Summary: This study investigated the effect of a synthetic scent on the behavior of female cheetahs and found that it had an influence on their reproductive behavior. However, further research is needed to determine the specific effects of volatile organic compounds on cheetah reproduction.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Christiaan Willem Brink, Robert Leslie Thomson, Arjun Amar, Marco Girardello, Andrea Santangeli
Summary: The study shows that 22% and 31% of South African commercial farmers used poison over a 1-year and 5-year period, respectively, with hotspots in small stock farming areas. Farmers have a primarily positive attitude towards vultures, and are less likely to use poisons if they frequently encounter vultures on their farm.
Article
Ecology
Nyeema C. Harris, Christine E. Wilkinson, Gabriela Fleury, Zoliswa N. Nhleko
Summary: In an era of rapid environmental change, human-wildlife interactions are increasingly complex and pervasive. Framing these interactions solely along a coexistence-conflict continuum oversimplifies the issue. Incorporating the principles of responsibility, equity, justice, and inclusion into conservation-oriented activities can influence the outcomes of these interactions. A conceptual framework that considers scientific practice, cultural sensitivity, and interdisciplinary approaches is needed to assess and anticipate the outcomes of human-wildlife interactions.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Lou Lecuyer, Tobias Boerger, Sophie Calme, Birgit Schmook, Rehema M. White
Summary: Promoting tolerance towards wildlife that pose a threat to humans or their livelihoods is critical to achieving species conservation goals. This study used a gamified survey-based field experiment to assess tolerance levels towards jaguars in Mexico and found that the extent of damage and individual characteristics such as age, education, and ethnicity influenced the level of tolerance and intention to implement preventive measures or kill the jaguars.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2023)