Article
Oncology
Aura D. Herrera-Martinez, Angel Rebollo Roman, Eider Pascual Corrales, Cindy Idrobo, Paola Parra Ramirez, Patricia Martin Rojas-Marcos, Cristina Robles Lazaro, Delia Lavinia Marginean, Marta Araujo-Castro
Summary: This study compares the prevalence of adenomas (thyroid, parathyroid, pituitary, and other locations) in patients with nonfunctioning adrenal incidentalomas (NFAIs) and those with mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS). It finds that mild autonomous hypercortisolism does not affect the prevalence of other endocrine-related adenomas but is associated with increased metabolic comorbidities and mortality, especially in patients with thyroid adenomas and adenomas in other locations.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Min Ju Kim, Kyung A. Kang, Chan Kyo Kim, Sung Yoon Park
Summary: The study investigated the agreement between wash-out and wash-in CT in diagnosing hyperattenuating adrenal lesions, finding that wash-in CT may potentially replace wash-out CT for most patients.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Alexandra-Ioana Trandafir, Mihaela Stanciu, Simona Elena Albu, Vasile Razvan Stoian, Irina Ciofu, Cristian Persu, Claudiu Nistor, Mara Carsote
Summary: This narrative review analyzed the bone profile in adults with adrenal incidentalomas and focused on the impact of autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS). The study included 40 original studies involving 3046 patients and found that ACS is associated with bone mineral density and bone micro-architecture, as well as a higher prevalence of ACS-related osteoporosis. The results showed the importance of bone status evaluation and associated therapy decisions in the management of adults with adrenal incidentalomas and ACS.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jordan A. Higgs, Alyssa P. Quinn, Kevin D. Seely, Zeke Richards, Shad P. Mortensen, Cody S. Crandall, Amanda E. Brooks
Summary: This review examines the relationship between insulin resistance and adrenal masses, discussing possible pathophysiological links and conflicting study conclusions. Further investigation into the mechanisms and timing of these two pathologies as they relate to one another is needed for prevention, detection, and treatment of both conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Filippo Ceccato, Irene Tizianel, Giacomo Voltan, Gianmarco Maggetto, Isabella Merante Boschin, Emilio Quaia, Filippo Crimi, Carla Scaroni
Summary: This longitudinal study on adrenal incidentalomas found that tumor diameter increased over time, accompanied by a reduction in lipid content, especially in patients with hormone secretion disorders.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Taek Min Kim, Seung Jae Choi, Ji Yeon Ko, Sungwan Kim, Chang Wook Jeong, Jeong Yeon Cho, Sang Youn Kim, Young-Gon Kim
Summary: This study developed a fully automated deep learning model for adrenal segmentation and achieved good performance in classifying adrenal hyperplasia based on adrenal volume and anthropometric parameters. The proposed segmentation algorithm accurately segmented the adrenal glands on CT scans, which may aid clinicians in identifying possible cases of adrenal hyperplasia.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sunil Aggarwal, Alessandro Prete, Vasileios Chortis, Miriam Asia, Robert P. Sutcliffe, Wiebke Arlt, Cristina L. Ronchi, Niki Karavitaki, John Ayuk, Yasir S. Elhassan
Summary: This study aimed to assess the proportion and characteristics of incidentally detected pheochromocytomas. The majority of pheochromocytomas are diagnosed incidentally and have distinct clinical, radiological, biochemical, and genetic features. These tumors are detected at older age but smaller size, which may indicate a different underlying tumor biology.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Adam Kelly, Stacy O'Connor, Diana Kane, Chiang-Ching Huang, Harveshp Mogal
Summary: This study reviewed the prevalence, radiographic characteristics, and outcomes of patients diagnosed with appendiceal incidentalomas (AIs). The study found that larger appendiceal diameter and younger age were predictive factors for operative intervention. The postoperative complications were minor and observation of suspected neoplastic AIs may be a safe alternative.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chiara Parazzoli, Vittoria Favero, Carmen Aresta, Valentina Morelli
Summary: The follow-up strategy for unresected non-functional adrenal tumors (NFAT) is controversial due to the unknown natural history of adrenal incidentalomas (AI) and lack of consensus on their management. A recent study evaluated possible radiological variations and their relationship with autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) in conservatively treated AI patients. A literature review of similar longitudinal studies suggests a significant risk of morphological and functional changes after 5-10 years of follow-up, making it risky to interrupt follow-up in NFAT patients, particularly those with larger adenoma diameter and higher cortisol levels at diagnosis. These findings should inform the optimal management of these patients.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Roberta Maggio, Filippo Messina, Benedetta D'Arrigo, Giacomo Maccagno, Pina Lardo, Claudia Palmisano, Maurizio Poggi, Salvatore Monti, Iolanda Matarazzo, Andrea Laghi, Giuseppe Pugliese, Antonio Stigliano
Summary: New radioimaging techniques and quantitative variables were used to identify pathological tissues in adrenal incidentalomas (AIs). By analyzing 314 extracted features, a prediction model with 11 variables was constructed to differentiate patients with high probability of functioning AI.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Marissa Maas, Nima Nassiri, Sumeet Bhanvadia, John D. Carmichael, Vinay Duddalwar, Siamak Daneshmand
Summary: Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of adrenal incidentalomas vary among specialties, particularly in terms of reimaging, repeat hormone testing, and management of tumors characterized as benign or malignant. Consensus on initial evaluation exists, but discrepancies arise in follow-up recommendations. Recommendations range from avoiding repeat imaging and hormone testing to frequent monitoring over several years. Best practices may lie in finding common ground among divergent guidelines.
JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Meng-Si Liu, Zhao-Yang Tian, Zhou Zhang, Fan Yang, Yuan Lou, Yi-Jie Wang, Yang-Jie Zeng, Zi-Wei Zhang, Da-Long Zhu, Ping Li
Summary: This study is the first to report impaired cognitive function in patients with autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS). Cognitive function assessment should be incorporated into the clinical evaluation of patients with ACS.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Binhao Zhang, Huangqi Zhang, Xin Li, Shengze Jin, Jiawen Yang, Wenting Pan, Xue Dong, Jin Chen, Wenbin Ji
Summary: An unenhanced CT-based radiomics model was developed to effectively differentiate adrenal lipid-poor adenomas. The diagnostic power of conventional unenhanced CT imaging features may be underestimated and further exploration is warranted.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Roberto Olmos, Nicolas Mertens, Anand Vaidya, Thomas Uslar, Paula Fernandez, Francisco J. Guarda, Alvaro Zuniga, Ignacio San Francisco, Alvaro G. Huete, Rene Baudrand
Summary: This study evaluates the discriminatory capacity of three-dimensional volumetry on computed tomography (CT) to identify possible autonomous cortisol excess (ACS) in patients with adrenal adenomas. The results show that CT volumetry of adrenal adenomas and contralateral adrenal glands has a high ability to identify ACS. The combination of CT volumetry and biochemical testing can substantially improve the identification of ACS.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Bora Kahramangil, Emin Kose, Erick M. Remer, Jordan P. Reynolds, Robert Stein, Brian Rini, Allan Siperstein, Eren Berber
Summary: This study analyzed the incidence and risk factors for adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) in adrenal incidentaloma (AI). The findings suggest that modern management should not solely focus on tumor size, but also consider thorough hormonal evaluation and imaging characteristics.