Review
Biology
Yuri E. Dubrova, Elena I. Sarapultseva
Summary: Parental exposure to radiation not only leads to mutation induction in the germline of irradiated animals but also affects their non-exposed offspring. Laboratory studies have shown compromised viability, fertility, and genome stability among the non-exposed offspring of irradiated parents. The epigenetic phenomenon of radiation-induced transgenerational effects has been established, but further research is needed to understand its manifestation in populations inhabiting radioactive-contaminated areas and the underlying mechanisms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Rhea J. Rocque, Caroline Beaudoin, Ruth Ndjaboue, Laura Cameron, Louann Poirier-Bergeron, Rose-Alice Poulin-Rheault, Catherine Fallon, Andrea C. Tricco, Holly O. Witteman
Summary: This study provided a systematic synthesis of 94 systematic reviews on the health impacts of climate change. The majority of reviews suggested a deleterious impact of climate change on multiple adverse health outcomes, while also calling for further research.
Review
Toxicology
Yuliya V. Ryabova, Marina P. Sutunkova, Ilzira A. Minigalieva, Lada V. Shabardina, Tommaso Filippini, Aristides Tsatsakis
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive summary of the toxicological studies conducted on selenium nanoparticles (NPs) using laboratory animals. In vivo studies have shown adverse effects of selenium NPs on laboratory animals, including reductions in body mass, changes in hepatotoxicity indices, and possible impairment of metabolic processes. However, no specific toxic action solely attributable to selenium has been identified. The LOAEL and NOAEL values are contradictory, and the relationship between the adverse effects of selenium NPs and exposure dose is controversial and diverse.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tai-Sing Wu, Sheng-Fu Chen, Shih-Chang Weng, Yun-Liang Soo
Summary: In this study, an unconventional effect of synchrotron X-ray irradiation on thermally annealed (Y, Co)-codoped CeO2 nanocrystal samples was reported. The experimental data indicated that instead of breaking the Co-O bonds, the X-ray irradiation formed new Co-O bonds by capturing escaping oxygen atoms from the X-ray-broken Ce-O bonds. This effect caused a transition of Co dopant atoms from the energetically-favored Co-O4 structure to the metastable Co-O6 environment, resulting in a fine-tuning of the band gap of the material.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Yue Zhou, Dawei Bi, Songlin Wang, Longsheng Wu, Yi Huang, Enxia Zhang, Daniel M. Fleetwood, Aimin Wu
Summary: In this study, the radiation responses of silicon photonic passive devices in silicon-on-insulator technology were investigated. High-energy neutron and Co-60 gamma-ray irradiation caused blue shifts in the wavelengths of micro-ring resonators and Mach-Zehnder interferometers. The devices with SiO2 upper cladding layer exhibited strong tolerance to irradiation.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Linda F. Boeswald, Dana Matzek, Helen Mohr, Ellen Kienzle, Bastian Popper
Summary: Body conditions can serve as indicators of nutritional status and health in animals, highlighting the importance of monitoring these conditions. Obtaining morphometric data through measurements and standardized photographs can be useful for evaluating the body condition and well-being of animals.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Veronica Varzi, Emiliano Fratini, Mauro Falconieri, Daniela Giovannini, Alessia Cemmi, Jessica Scifo, Ilaria Di Sarcina, Pietro Apra, Sofia Sturari, Lorenzo Mino, Giulia Tomagra, Erminia Infusino, Valeria Landoni, Carmela Marino, Mariateresa Mancuso, Federico Picollo, Simonetta Pazzaglia
Summary: Nanodiamonds are being studied for their potential to enhance radiation effects, and this study explores the influence of their chemical and physical properties on cellular radiosensitivity. The results show that hydrogenated nanodiamonds can decrease cellular viability and increase radiosensitivity, while oxidized nanodiamonds do not. Higher energy radiation is more effective in combination with hydrogenated nanodiamonds. The molecular mechanism of nanodiamond radiosensitization involves Caspase-3-dependent apoptosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tatiana A. Astrelina, Vitaliy A. Brunchukov, Galina E. Kodina, Viktor B. Bubenshchikov, Anton A. Larenkov, Aleksandr S. Lunev, Kristina A. Petrosova, Anna A. Rastorgueva, Irina V. Kobzeva, Daria Y. Usupzhanova, Victoria A. Nikitina, Kristina A. Malsagova, Ludmila I. Kulikova, Alexander S. Samoilov, Vasiliy I. Pustovoyt
Summary: This study investigated the migration pathways of mesenchymal stromal cells in the body and found that cells initially accumulated in the lungs after intravenous injection, and then redistributed to the liver, spleen, and kidneys. When locally injected, cells did not distribute systemically in significant quantities.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Leila Harrison, Bianca Carducci, Jonathan D. Klein, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Summary: This study aims to synthesize the indirect mental health impacts on children and adolescents globally due to COVID-19 mitigation strategies. The findings reveal a high prevalence of depression and anxiety in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic, globally, compared with prepandemic estimates.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Rosfayanti Rasmidi, Mivolil Duinong, Fuei Pien Chee
Summary: This paper provides a thorough review of the radiation effects on ZnO semiconductor devices, revealing changes in morphology, structure, optical and electrical parameters due to radiation exposure. The increase in ideality factor post-irradiation is attributed to recombination centers in the space charge region, indicating extrinsic recombination mechanisms involving lattice imperfections.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Kai Liu, Xiangyu Xu, Boming Zhang
Summary: This study characterized and predicted the nonlinear thermal fields and thermal damages of aramid/bismaleimide composites caused by microwave radiations, with experimental determination of equilibrium temperature and thermal damage threshold. It was found that dielectric heating affected the composites, and a suggested microwave radiation power limit of 550 W for 3 mm thick aramid composites was proposed.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ludovic Muller, Weiliang Huang, Jace W. Jones, Ann M. Farese, Thomas J. MacVittie, Maureen A. Kane
Summary: Radiation exposure leads to dysregulation of lipid and protein composition in the mesenteric lymph node (MLN), affecting pathways regulating lipids and acute phase response. The study demonstrates molecular alterations in MLN after acute radiation exposure, potentially informing on injury mechanism in a non-human primate model of acute radiation syndrome of the gastrointestinal tract.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Olatz Goni-Balentziaga, Sergi Vila, Ivan Ortega-Saez, Oscar Vegas, Garikoitz Azkona
Summary: Animal-facility personnel scored higher in work-related quality of life and compassion satisfaction compared to researchers, with perceived animal stress/pain, human-animal interaction, and social support being factors influencing professional quality of life. Job category is a key contributing factor in perceived professional quality of life.
Article
Biology
Francis A. Cucinotta, Olga A. Smirnova
Summary: A mathematical model is developed to describe the level of surviving lymphocytes in the blood after partial-body irradiation at ultra-high and lower dose rates. The model uses simple analytic formulas and involves physiological, biophysical, and physical parameters. The model predicts that the level of surviving blood lymphocytes increases with dose rate and approaches a limiting level. The study also proposes a hypothesis explaining the mechanisms of the abscopal effect of FLASH radiation therapy.
RADIATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biology
Soumya Ghose, Yingnan Ju, Elizabeth McDonough, Jonhan Ho, Arivarasan Karunamurthy, Chrystal Chadwick, Sanghee Cho, Rachel Rose, Alex Corwin, Christine Surrette, Jessica Martinez, Eric Williams, Anup Sood, Yousef Al-Kofahi, Louis D. Falo Jr, Katy Borner, Fiona Ginty
Summary: We demonstrate a workflow for multiplexed imaging and 3D reconstruction of fixed skin samples, showing shorter distances between immune cells and vascular endothelial cells in 3D compared to 2D. We also observe a higher concentration of T cells in close proximity to neighboring T helper cells in 3D. Additionally, the distances of p53, DDB2, and Ki67 positive cells to the skin surface remain consistent across ages and sun exposure. This study provides insights into cellular interactions and the effects of sun exposure in human skin.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)