Article
Plant Sciences
Zachary A. Noel, Ludmilla Roze, Mikaela Breunig, Frances Trail
Summary: The search for beneficial endophytes has been increasing in recent year. In this study, three endophytic fungi isolated from wheat were characterized for their antagonism against the Fusarium head blight pathogen. The results showed that these endophytes significantly increased seed weight and reduced mycotoxin accumulation. Investigation into the mechanism of competition revealed that the endophytes could competitively exclude the pathogen. The findings highlight the challenges in finding beneficial microbes for agriculture and call for a better understanding of the risks and ecological context.
Article
Microbiology
Chao He, Wenquan Wang, Junling Hou, Xianen Li
Summary: This study investigated dark septate endophytes (DSE) and their effects on licorice plants in arid ecosystems. Results showed that different DSE species had variable impacts on plant growth and active ingredient content, with A. chlamydospora and P. terricola positively affecting total biomass, root biomass, and active ingredient content under drought stress, suggesting their potential as promoters for licorice cultivation in dryland agriculture.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Arindam Ghatak, Palak Chaturvedi, Gert Bachmann, Luis Valledor, Ziva Ramsak, Mitra Mohammadi Bazargani, Prasad Bajaj, Sridharan Jegadeesan, Weimin Li, Xiaoliang Sun, Kristina Gruden, Rajeev K. Varshney, Wolfram Weckwerth
Summary: Pearl millet and wheat are important cereal crops, with pearl millet showing superior resilience to drought stress. Physiological and proteomics studies revealed a stay-green phenotype in pearl millet and differential senescence signatures in wheat, highlighting the different responses to drought stress between the two crops.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanru Feng, Muhammad Shahedul Alam, Feng Yan, Michael Frei
Summary: Tropospheric ozone has significant effects on the remobilization and allocation efficiency of aboveground biomass and nutrients in cereal crops. Long-term ozone exposure increases straw C:N ratio and affects grain C:N ratio. Grain N concentrations increase significantly under ozone stress, but N yield declines due to grain yield losses. Various indicators of N use efficiency are reduced, indicating reduced N absorption from soil and allocation from vegetative to reproductive organs. Straw C:N ratio is not suitable for predicting wheat productivity. Nitrogen harvest index (NHI) is not affected by ozone stress, but the relationship between harvest index (HI) and NHI is changed by elevated ozone concentration.
Article
Microbiology
Na Liu, Hans Jacquemyn, Qiang Liu, Shi-Cheng Shao, Gang Ding, Xiaoke Xing
Summary: Dark septate endophytes (DSE) are root-colonizing fungi that enhance plant growth and drought tolerance.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Khandmaa Nergui, Songsong Jin, Li Zhao, Xiaoqiang Liu, Tao Xu, Jun Wei, Xiuxiu Chen, Yang Yang, Hui Li, Yang Liu, Yuanyuan Wang, Jie Liu, Tong Zhao, Yang Li, Ling Tang, Runze Sun, Xiaohua Wang, Yongxiu Liu, Xin Deng
Summary: This study identified local wheat varieties with high yields and drought resistance through agronomic traits analysis, and explored underlying molecular mechanisms by transcriptome analysis. Different drought responses were found among tested varieties, providing important insights for local agriculture.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiarui Wang, Xiaoyan Zhang, Zhidong Han, Haoxiang Feng, Yangyang Wang, Juan Kang, Xiaojie Han, Lifang Wang, Chenyang Wang, Hua Li, Geng Ma
Summary: This study analyzed the changes in physiological and biochemical indicators of drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive wheat during drought and re-watering, and identified 7 indicators to characterize wheat tolerance to drought. The results showed that the physiological responses of drought-tolerant wheat recovered better than drought-sensitive wheat.
Article
Agronomy
Milica Kanjevac, Biljana Bojovic, Andrija Ciric, Milan Stankovic, Dragana Jakovljevic
Summary: Wheat is widely grown cereal and low temperature stress affects its development. This study investigated different priming methods (hormo-, halo-, osmo-, and hydropriming) to enhance wheat's resistance to low temperatures. Priming showed positive effects on growth, vigor index, and protein content. Antioxidant enzymes and phenolic compounds were significantly affected by seed priming, with the best results observed with hormo- and hydropriming. The study concludes that seed priming is a promising approach to increase wheat seedlings' resistance to low temperature stress.
Review
Cell Biology
Muhammad Kamran, Qari Muhammad Imran, Muhammad Bilal Ahmed, Noreen Falak, Amna Khatoon, Byung-Wook Yun
Summary: Biotic and abiotic stresses have a significant impact on agriculture, but through interactions with endophytes, plants are able to better withstand these stresses. Therefore, it is crucial to study these interactions.
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiyue Wang, Zihao Wu, Qi Zhou, Xin Wang, Shuang Song, Shoukun Dong
Summary: This study investigated the physiological changes of drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive soybean varieties under different soil moisture conditions. The results showed that with decreasing soil moisture, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in soybean leaves increased, while the activities of antioxidant enzymes and osmotic regulatory substances increased. The total antioxidant capacity also significantly increased. The drought-tolerant variety HN44 exhibited less drought-induced damage compared to the drought-sensitive variety HN65.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Muhammad Sarwar, Muhammad Farrukh Saleem, Najeeb Ullah, Muhammad Jahanzaib Khan, Hamza Maqsood, Hassaan Ahmad, Asif Tanveer, Muhammad Shahid
Summary: The tillering phase of wheat is highly vulnerable to drought. However, silver nanoparticles were found to effectively protect wheat genotypes from drought injury during this stage. Moderate and severe drought significantly reduced leaf physiology and grain yield, while the use of silver nanoparticles restored leaf functioning and increased grain yield.
FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Victoria Miranda, Gloria Andrea Silva-Castro, Juan Manuel Ruiz-Lozano, Sebastian Fracchia, Inmaculada Garcia-Romera
Summary: Drought is a major threat to plant growth, affecting various aspects of plant physiology. Previous studies have shown that endophytic fungus Zopfiella erostrata can improve water uptake and nutrient mineralization in plants. This study evaluated the effects of different strains of Z. erostrata on stress mitigation in wheat and tomato plants under water deficit conditions, and found that inoculation with Zopfiella strains significantly affected plant growth, with variations depending on the plant and strain involved.
Article
Agronomy
Hafid Aberkane, Bouchra Belkadi, Zakaria Kehel, Abdelkarim Filali-Maltouf, Izzat S. A. Tahir, Sara Meheesi, Ahmed Amri
Summary: The study investigated the effects of drought and chronic heat stress on physiological parameters of durum wheat lines derived from interspecific crosses and their association with yield. Physiological parameters like canopy temperature (CT) and maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) showed significant correlations with grain yield and biomass under heat and drought stress, providing potential indicators for selecting wheat varieties with tolerance to these abiotic stresses.
Article
Plant Sciences
Agnieszka Domka, Roman Jedrzejczyk, Rafal Wazny, Maciej Gustab, Michal Kowalski, Michal Nosek, Jakub Bizan, Markus Puschenreiter, Marek Vaculik, Jan Kovac, Piotr Rozpadek
Summary: Plant microbiota plays a crucial role in adjusting plant metabolism to mitigate toxic metal pollution. The endophytic Sporobolomyces ruberrimus protects plants against excess metals by inhibiting Fe and Ni uptake through interference with plant ethylene homeostasis.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Francesca Secchi, Ivan Bevilacqua, Chiara Agliassa, Moez Maghrebi, Silvia Cavalletto, Cristina Morabito, Silvia Lembo, Gianpiero Vigani
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the physiological and biochemical responses of Populus nigra plants under drought and recovery, grown in soil with impaired nutrient bioavailability obtained by adding calcium oxide (CaO) to the substrate. Although the CaO treatment did not affect plant growth, treated poplars displayed an impaired inorganic ions profile in tissues under well-watered conditions. During water stress relief, the CaO-treated poplars exhibited a faster stomatal opening and a higher capacity to restore xylem hydraulic conductivity compared to not-treated plants, probably due to the higher osmolyte accumulation during drought. Our results suggest that CaO treatment promotes a faster and more efficient plant recovery after drought due to a modulation of ions homeostasis.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ana Isabel Gonzalez-Hernandez, Loredana Scalschi, Pilar Garcia-Agustin, Gemma Camanes
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Eugenio Llorens, Loredana Scalschi, Ana Gonzalez-Hernandez, Gemma Camanes, Pilar Garcia-Agustin, Begonya Vicedo
Summary: The study demonstrates that the activation of induced resistance in plants leads to an increase in defensive proteins, altering the composition of the apoplastic fluid to enhance defense against pathogen invasion. Proteomic analysis showed changes in protein composition in the apoplast after treatment and infection, with identified proteins playing a role in plant protection. Additionally, one of the over-accumulated proteins showed antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato in vitro.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Liat Oren-Young, Eugenio Llorens, Kai Bi, Mingzhe Zhang, Amir Sharon
Summary: Fungi lack the core apoptotic machinery found in animals, but undergo regulated cell death with apoptotic markers, essential for proper fungal development and stress adaptation. The protein BcMcl from the plant pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea plays a role in succinate metabolism, impacting fungal stress tolerance and cell death. This study suggests a connection between mitochondrial metabolic pathways, particularly succinate metabolism, and the regulation of fungal stress tolerance and cell death.
FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ana Isabel Gonzalez-Hernandez, Loredana Scalschi, Pilar Troncho, Pilar Garcia-Agustin, Gemma Camanes
Summary: The biosynthesis of putrescine is primarily regulated by arginine decarboxylase (ADC) and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). Silencing ODC led to increased ADC expression and polyamine accumulation, suggesting a compensatory effect. Different growth parameters were affected by SilADC and SilODC seedlings, with overexpression of ODC improving growth under both nitrate and ammonium conditions. These results highlight the importance of both pathways in plant growth, particularly the compensatory effect of ADC induction when ODC is silenced.
JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Luisa Liu-Xu, Begonya Vicedo, Pilar Garcia-Agustin, Eugenio Llorens
Summary: This study analyzed the characteristics and limitations of research on fungal endophytes. The results showed a tendency to focus on well-known models in plant-fungal-stress combinations, such as ascomycetous fungi, grasses, and abiotic stress. Less attention has been given to fungal endophytes in dicot plants or against biotic stress.
JOURNAL OF PLANT INTERACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana Isabel Gonzalez-Hernandez, Loredana Scalschi, Begonya Vicedo, Emilio Luis Marcos-Barbero, Rosa Morcuende, Gemma Camanes
Summary: Putrescine is the starting point of the polyamines pathway and plays a crucial role in plant growth and development, as well as tolerance responses to stresses. Various research methods, including competitive inhibitors, exogenous Putrescine treatment, and mutant and transgenic plants, have been used to investigate its involvement in plant systems.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Angel Chavez, Nidia Castillo, Joan Manel Lopez-Tubau, Kostadin E. Atanasov, Emma Fernandez-Crespo, Gemma Camanes, Teresa Altabella, Albert Ferrer
Summary: Free and glycosylated sterols in the plant cell plasma membrane regulate its structure and function, with glycosylated sterols being more important in plants like tomato. Silencing STEROL GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 1 in tomato affects plant growth and fruit development, with reduced levels of glycosylated sterols triggering a downregulatory response that affects critical processes for fruit development.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Emma Fernandez-Crespo, Luisa Liu-Xu, Carlos Albert-Sidro, Loredana Scalschi, Eugenio Llorens, Ana Isabel Gonzalez-Hernandez, Oscar Crespo, Carmen Gonzalez-Bosch, Gemma Camanes, Pilar Garcia-Agustin, Begonya Vicedo
Summary: Increased temperatures caused by climate change pose a significant threat to agriculture and food security. This study characterized the responses of six tomato varieties to high temperatures and found significant variations in their heat stress tolerance. The results suggest that plants may employ different mechanisms to overcome heat stress, and understanding these molecular events could help in selecting climate resilient tomato varieties.
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Eugenio Llorens, Carlos Agusti-Brisach
Article
Horticulture
Loredana Scalschi, Emma Fernandez-Crespo, Marcel Pitarch-Marin, Eugenio Llorens, Ana Isabel Gonzalez-Hernandez, Gemma Camanes, Begonya Vicedo, Pilar Garcia-Agustin
Summary: Mild heat stress affects the development of tomato plants, the defense mechanisms against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, and the growth and virulence machinery of bacteria. Tomato plants are able to adapt to heat stress and show higher thermotolerance, while producing certain metabolites to cope with this environment. Under high temperatures, plants are less susceptible to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato infection, and the increased temperature negatively affects bacterial infectivity.
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
A. Farvardin, A. I. Gonzalez-Hernandez, E. Llorens, V. Vasilopoulus, L. Liu, E. Falomir, E. Fernandez-Crespo, G. Camanes, P. Garcia-Agustin, L. Scalschi, B. Vicedo
MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
L. Liu, L. Scalschi, A. Farvardin, A. I. Gonzalez-Hernandez, E. Fernandez-Crespo, G. Camanes, B. Vicedo, P. Garcia-Agustin, E. Llorens
MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS
(2021)