Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Juan M. Pericas, Frank Tacke, Quentin M. Anstee, Nicholas A. Di Prospero, Mette Skalshoj Kjaer, Peter Mesenbrink, Franz Koenig, Joan Genesca, Vlad Ratziu, EU-PEARL NASH Invest
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease affects 25% of the population and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive form of the disease with severe complications. The traditional clinical trials in NASH pose challenges for drug development, and platform trials, utilizing a master protocol and adaptive randomization, offer an alternative approach to evaluate multiple investigational medicinal products concurrently or sequentially.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Federica Perelli, Irene Turrini, Maria Gabriella Giorgi, Irene Renda, Annalisa Vidiri, Gianluca Straface, Elisa Scatena, Marco D'Indinosante, Laura Marchi, Marco Giusti, Antonio Oliva, Simone Grassi, Carmen De Luca, Francesco Catania, Giuseppe Vizzielli, Stefano Restaino, Giuseppe Gullo, Georgios Eleftheriou, Alberto Mattei, Fabrizio Signore, Antonio Lanzone, Giovanni Scambia, Anna Franca Cavaliere
Summary: This review summarizes the available data on the use of contrast agents in radiodiagnostic examinations of pregnant patients and their effects on both the mother and fetus, aiming to provide clear clinical practices for medical professionals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christine Newman, Fidelma P. Dunne
Summary: Metformin is widely used in pregnancy due to its safety and effectiveness in reducing maternal weight gain and insulin dose, although there may be increased risks of macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia, and altered fat distribution in offspring. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind these potential risks.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Siddharth Birla, Arshia Angural, Arya Madathumchalil, Ritika V. Shende, Sharvani V. Shastry, Manjappa Mahadevappa, Sunil Kumar Shambhu, Prashant Vishwanath, Akila Prashant
Summary: Polypill is a combination of multiple drugs in a single pill, aiming to simplify drug regimen and reduce adverse effects. It has been widely used for treating cardiovascular diseases by targeting key modifiable risk factors. However, recent clinical trials have yielded contradictory findings, leading to skepticism about its widespread use in primary disease prevention.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Adel Naimi, Rebar N. Mohammed, Ahmed Raji, Supat Chupradit, Alexei Valerievich Yumashev, Wanich Suksatan, Mohammed Nader Shalaby, Lakshmi Thangavelu, Siavash Kamrava, Navid Shomali, Armin D. Sohrabi, Ali Adili, Ali Noroozi-Aghideh, Ehsan Razeghian
Summary: The discovery of immune checkpoint proteins led to the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), a promising approach in tumor immunotherapy. However, resistance and treatment-related toxicities remain challenges in the clinical application of ICIs.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Mohammed Sharif Swallah, Xiaoqing Yang, Jiaxin Li, Joseph Kudadam Korese, Sainan Wang, Hongliang Fan, Hansong Yu, Qing Huang
Summary: Glycine max, an economically important grain crop, has varied potential health benefits. Recent studies have focused on the bioavailability and bioaccessibility of soybean bioactive compounds. This review presents evidence-based information on the therapeutic and nutritional importance of soybean phytochemicals and their implications on general health. The bioavailability, metabolism, and safety of soybean phytochemicals are also discussed, as well as the need for clinical trials to confirm these functional properties in humans.
FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Agronomy
Kinga Moskal, Sylwia Kowalik, Wieslaw Podyma, Boguslaw Lapinski, Maja Boczkowska
Summary: Rye is commonly used in wheat improvement programs to transfer numerous genes for stress resistance and improve agronomic traits, but the transfer of large chromosomal fragments or entire chromosomes often leads to a decrease in end-use quality.
Review
Oncology
Shiqun Wang, Jiwu Wei
Summary: In this review, the authors examine the complex metabolic reprogramming caused by oncolytic viruses in tumor cells and immune cells. They highlight the challenge of oncolytic virotherapy, which leads to further depletion of nutrients and accumulation of metabolic waste in the tumor microenvironment, creating a metabolic barrier to antitumor immune responses. The authors also discuss targeted metabolic strategies to enhance the therapeutic potential of oncolytic viruses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Analytical
Antonio Lanata
Summary: The study examined the use of ubiquitous computing research and proposed continuous monitoring through wearable and portable systems to aid patients with healthcare. It found that the PPG system has potential advantages in fitness, wellbeing, and medical devices, but there is a need for standardization in practical use and evaluation of output quality.
Review
Energy & Fuels
H. H. Hegazy, Siva Sankar Sana, Tholkappiyan Ramachandran, Yedluri Anil Kumar, Dasha Kumar Kulurumotlakatla, Hisham S. M. Abd-Rabboh, Seong Cheol Kim
Summary: Covalent organic frameworks are crystalline porous materials formed by covalent bonding and have various molecular structures. They are recognized as essential materials in technology due to their advantages such as large surface area and porosity. However, their low specific capacitance and limited electrical conductivity hinder their widespread use in energy storage systems.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Julian David Hunt, Giacomo Falchetta, Simon Parkinson, Adriano Vinca, Behnam Zakeri, Edward Byers, Jakub Jurasz, Emanuele Quaranta, Emmanuel Grenier, Amaro Olimpio Pereira Junior, Paulo Sergio Franco Barbosa, Roberto Brandao, Nivalde Jose de Castro, Paulo Smith Schneider, Lara Werncke Vieira, Andreas Nascimento, Yoshihide Wada
Summary: The Indus basin has a large untapped hydropower potential, with conventional hydropower being cheaper but having shorter reservoir lifetimes compared to Seasonal Pumped Hydropower Storage (SPHS) which has slightly higher costs but offers longer-term water and energy storage, fewer sediments, social and environmental impacts. The region has the highest potential and lowest costs for SPHS globally, making it a major player in seasonal and multi-annual energy storage in Asia and beyond.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Mario Costantini, Renato Salvador, Andrea Costantini
Summary: Achalasia is a primary esophageal motility disorder with an unknown cause. The treatment aims to reduce the resistance caused by a hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter that fails to relax. This review discusses the pros and cons of each therapeutic approach.
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Philip Dalsbecker, Caroline Beck Adiels, Mattias Goksor
Summary: Physiologically relevant and broadly applicable liver cell culture platforms are crucial for drug development and disease modeling. Organ-on-a-chip systems offer promising alternatives, providing important cues such as perfusion, shear stress, and 3D cell-cell communication.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Tania Henriquez
Summary: This article discusses the significance of peer review in scientific publishing and explores the impact of open peer review on the review process and specific groups like early career researchers.
Review
Microbiology
Bianca Manole, Costin Damian, Simona-Eliza Giusca, Irina Draga Caruntu, Elena Porumb-Andrese, Catalina Lunca, Olivia Simona Dorneanu, Luminita Smaranda Iancu, Ramona Gabriela Ursu
Summary: This article reviews the connection between various viral families and renal carcinogenesis, highlighting their involvement in the carcinogenic mechanism. The most commonly associated virus with renal cell carcinoma is BKPyV. Understanding the pathogenic mechanism of renal malignancy and the role of viral etiology can contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies.
