Journal
BIOMEDICAL PAPERS-OLOMOUC
Volume 163, Issue 1, Pages 28-38Publisher
PALACKY UNIV, MEDICAL FAC
DOI: 10.5507/bp.2018.070
Keywords
polymyxin; colistin; resistance; LPS
Funding
- National Sustainability Program [LO1304]
- Palacky University [IGA_LF_2018_019]
- Increasing internationalization at the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc [SPP 210015017]
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Antibiotic resistance is an ever-increasing global problem. Major commercial antibiotics often fail to fight common bacteria, and some pathogens have become multi-resistant. Polymyxins are potent bactericidal antibiotics against gram-negative bacteria. Known resistance to polymyxin includes intrinsic, mutational and adaptive mechanisms, with the recently described horizontally acquired resistance mechanisms. In this review, we present several strategies for bacteria to develop enhanced resistance to polymyxins, focusing on changes in the outer membrane, efflux and other resistance determinants. Better understanding of the genes involved in polymyxin resistance may pave the way for the development of new and effective antimicrobial agents. We also report novel in silico tested primers for PCR assay that may be able distinguish colistin-resistant isolates carrying the plasmid-encoded mcr genes and will assist in combating the spread of colistin resistance in bacteria.
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