Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Rong Xuan, Tianle Chao, Xiaodong Zhao, Aili Wang, Yunpeng Chu, Qing Li, Yilin Zhao, Zhibin Ji, Jianmin Wang
Summary: This study investigated the structural and transcriptome changes of mammary gland tissue in nonlactating dairy goats during late lactation, the dry period, and late gestation. The results showed significant structural changes and cell apoptosis in the mammary gland tissue. Transcriptome analysis identified 1,381 genes with differential expression at the three developmental stages. Genes related to cell growth, apoptosis, immunity, nutrient transport, synthesis, and metabolism exhibited adaptive transcriptional changes.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Yan Wang, Jing Liu, Jie Huang, Guangjun Chang, Animesh Chandra Roy, Qianyun Gao, Xiaoye Cheng, Xiangzhen Shen
Summary: The study showed that dietary supplementation with sodium butyrate (SB) alleviated the inflammatory response in the mammary glands of dairy goats fed high-concentrate (HC) diet by inhibiting the NOD1/NF-kappa B signaling pathway and decreasing iE-DAP concentration. SB supplementation also led to increased DNA methylation levels and chromatin remodeling, contributing to its anti-inflammatory effects.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yusaku Tsugami, Sayaka Nakayama, Naoki Suzuki, Takahiro Nii, Naoki Isobe
Summary: This study found that the mammary glands of lactating goats contain ectopic tertiary lymphoid organs (TLOs) which contribute to local immunity by producing immunoglobulins.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Alexandre N. Oglobline, Matthew P. Padula, Philip A. Doble
Summary: This paper reviews analytical methods for quality control and specifications for a new food category called A1-Free, which consists of dairy products made exclusively from milk that does not contain the A1 form of beta-casein. The evaluation of an A1-free milk Inter-Laboratory Round Robin trial showed that positive samples had no statistically significant differences among participants. The paper recommends intact A1 beta-casein protein as the most suitable molecular species for quantification and proposes potential category definitions, specifications, and laboratory methods for quality control in retail, business-to-business, and global trade practices.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
L. R. Larsen, L. E. Moraes, B. D. Enger
Summary: Intramammary infections in primigravid dairy heifers can affect mammary growth and development, leading to reduced milk yield. This study suggests that mammary secretion somatic cell count and viscosity can be used as indicators of infection status in primigravid heifers.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Yutaka Suzuki, Sachi Chiba, Koki Nishihara, Keiichi Nakajima, Akihiko Hagino, Won-Seob Kim, Hong-Gu Lee, Tomonori Nochi, Toru Suzuki, Sang-Gun Roh
Summary: This study explored the role of chemerin in promoting bovine mammary epithelial cell growth and protecting against oxidative stress, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for diseases in the bovine mammary gland.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chao Zhu, Junru Zhu, Quyu Duan, Yue Jiang, Hao Yin, Yonglong He, Fu Li, Xiao-Peng An
Summary: Protein phosphorylation differences were investigated in goat mammary tissues between peak lactation and late lactation stages, revealing distinct phosphorylation sites and enriched signaling pathways. Specific phosphorylation changes in key proteins and pathways were identified, suggesting potential targets for further exploration in lactation-related research.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hajime Nagahata, Mayumi Fuse, Kenji Umehara, Satoshi Gondaira, Hidetoshi Higuchi, Keiichi Hisaeda, Yasutaka Kumano
Summary: This study evaluated the health status and milk composition of dairy goats. It found that assessing mammary gland health and milk composition based on categorization by somatic cell counts could be useful for milk quality control on goat farms.
ANIMAL SCIENCE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Jiangtao Huang, Jintao Li, Yong Ning, Yalun Ren, Yuexin Shao, Huawen Zhang, Xueyang Zong, Huaiping Shi
Summary: Leucine supplementation increases milk protein and milk fat synthesis in bovine mammary cells. It activates mTOR and increases the expression of key genes involved in lipid metabolism. PPAR alpha is independently correlated with leucine dosage and plays a role in leucine catabolism.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Yu Cao, Guiqiu Hu, Qing Zhang, Lijun Ma, Jiaxin Wang, Wen Li, Yusong Ge, Ji Cheng, Zhanqing Yang, Shoupeng Fu, Juxiong Liu
Summary: The study found that Kisspeptin-10 can activate the mTOR signaling pathway by inhibiting the expression of SIRT6, thus increasing milk synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Yantao Li, Xueyan Lin, Chen Liu, Zhiyong Hu, Qiuling Hou, Zhonghua Wang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of decreasing lysine supply on amino acid metabolism in goats. The results showed that reduced lysine supply decreased milk production, milk protein, fat, and lactose, as well as arterial lysine concentrations. Peripheral tissues decreased lysine utilization, while mammary glands released more lysine. Moreover, mammary glands were able to mitigate the negative effects of decreased lysine concentrations by increasing blood flow and affinity for lysine. Overall, the decline in milk protein production was a result of both mass action with lysine and hormonal status.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xingchi Kan, Guiqiu Hu, Yiyao Liu, Ping Xu, Yaping Huang, Xiangyu Cai, Wenjin Guo, Shoupeng Fu, Juxiong Liu
Summary: Dairy cow mammary gland fibrosis causes significant economic losses, but research on this topic is still in its early stages and lacks effective treatments. This study investigated the correlation between mastitis and fibrosis, as well as mitochondrial damage, in dairy cows. The results showed that mastitis tissue exhibited tissue damage, collagen fiber accumulation, and increased levels of TGF-beta 1 and inflammatory mediators. The fibrotic phenotype and related gene and protein levels were also increased, while the levels of E-cadherin were decreased. In in vitro and in vivo models, fibrotic mammary tissue showed impaired mitochondrial structure and higher levels of ROS. Inhibiting ROS accumulation effectively alleviated the elevated fibrotic phenotype. This study suggests that targeting ROS accumulation may be a potential therapeutic approach for alleviating mammary fibrosis.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Feng Li, Guiqiu Hu, Xiaoyu Long, Yu Cao, Qianqian Li, Wenjin Guo, Jiaxin Wang, Juxiong Liu, Shoupeng Fu
Summary: This study found that stearic acid can promote milk synthesis in primary bovine mammary epithelial cells by activating different signaling pathways and utilizing the fatty acid transport protein FATP4.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
X. Huang, P. S. Yoder, I. A. M. A. Teixeira, M. D. Hanigan
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the effects of jugular infusions of different groups of amino acids on essential amino acid transport and metabolism by mammary glands. The results showed that different amino acid combinations had varying effects on the uptake and metabolism of individual amino acids in the mammary gland, with Ile and Leu infusion sparing Lys and Met for milk protein synthesis.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Francesca Carnovale, Giovanni Marcone, Francesco Serrapica, Claudia Lambiase, Emilio Sabia, David Arney, Giuseppe De Rosa
Summary: Human-animal interactions are essential for improving farm animal welfare. This study evaluated the effectiveness of methods for assessing the human-animal relationship in lactating goats. The results showed that the avoidance distance at the manger and in the pen are valid assessments for evaluating the human-animal connection in goats.