Article
Psychology, Developmental
Ryan F. Lei, Marjorie Rhodes
Summary: Children develop rich concepts of social categories during early and middle childhood, but there is a lack of understanding in how they integrate information about multiple categories, such as race and gender. An intersectional framework that considers both group-based bias and power structures can help address this gap in knowledge and promote equity and theory advancement.
CHILD DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Anne Christel Franka Moehrke, Arne Haegerbaeumer, Walter Traunspurger, Sebastian Hoess
Summary: The accumulation of plastics in the environment, especially in soil ecosystems, poses a significant ecological threat. Research on the effects of microplastics on soil invertebrates is limited, but existing studies show potential risks associated with microplastic pollution in terrestrial ecosystems.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Rayetta G. Henderson, Brian T. Welsh, John M. Rogers, Susan J. Borghoff, Kristen R. Trexler, Marcel O. Bonn-Miller, Timothy W. Lefever
Summary: A study was conducted on rats to determine the potential reproductive or developmental toxicity of cannabidiol (CBD). High doses of CBD caused mortality, moribundity, decreased body weight and food consumption in the adult rats, indicating severe maternal toxicity. No adverse effects were observed on reproductive performance or organs, but hypertrophy/hyperplasia in the thyroid gland, changes in thyroid hormone concentrations, litter loss, and dystocia were observed. Lower mean pup weights were also observed in high-dose group. Based on this study, the No Observed Adverse Effect Levels (NOAELs) for CBD were determined.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Julia Pawlak, Dominique C. C. Noetzel, Claudia Drago, Guntram Weithoff
Summary: Environmental pollution caused by microplastics poses a severe problem for terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. In this study, the effect of polystyrene microplastics on the survival and reproduction of a freshwater invertebrate was investigated. The results showed that reduced fitness was mainly due to the dilution of food caused by the presence of nonfood particles.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhihui Liu, Yingying Shangguan, Penglin Zhu, Yousef Sultan, Yiyi Feng, Xiaoyu Li, Junguo Ma
Summary: Glyphosate exposure in zebrafish larvae induces developmental toxicity, characterized by premature hatching, reduced heartbeats, and body deformities. This is likely due to disrupted thyroid function and abnormal expression of growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor axis-related genes. Additionally, glyphosate treatment leads to oxidative damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammatory reactions, and apoptosis.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Jingjing Qu, Yinjing Zhang, Chunxia Liu, Qianqian Xie, Tong Ou, Bolin Fan, Yan Song
Summary: Anthraquinone is a contaminant found in teas worldwide, and its genotoxic effects have been examined in this study. The results showed no mutagenic effects in bacterial and mammalian cells, but prenatal exposure to high doses of anthraquinone caused developmental toxicity in rats.
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lingling Qian, Chen Chen, Liguo Guo, Junping Deng, Xiangling Zhang, Jiexiang Zheng, Genmei Wang, Xiaofei Zhang
Summary: In this study, the developmental and reproductive effects of BPA analogs (BPS, BPF, BPAF) on D. magna were evaluated. The results showed that BPF and BPAF exhibited similar or stronger toxicity compared to BPA. Additionally, exposure to BPs led to behavioral changes and activation of the antioxidant defense system in D. magna. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the toxicity of BPA analogs and provide empirical evidence for finding safe alternatives to BPA.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Zahra Batool, Jie-Hua Chen, Bin Liu, Feng Chen, Mingfu Wang
Summary: A wide range of food processing contaminants (FPCs) are formed during the thermal processing of food products, with furan being highly volatile and present in various thermally processed foods. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the reasons for furan occurrence in different foods, determine the main sources of furan exposure, investigate factors affecting its formation, and develop specific analytical methods for its detection to guide future research. Controlling furan formation in processed foods at a large scale is challenging, and ongoing research is focused on this issue. Furthermore, understanding the molecular-level adverse effects of furan on human health is crucial for accurate risk assessment.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Allyson L. Dir, Dennis P. Watson, Matthew Zhiss, Lisa Taylor, Bethany C. Bray, Alan McGuire
Summary: This study identified nine unique barriers in the implementation of the POINT study, with five of them affecting both intervention and research protocols. These barriers highlight the importance of using an implementation science framework to address challenges in pragmatic trials and improve quality assurance in real-world settings. The study also discusses undocumented changes made to the trial design as a result of the identified barriers.
Article
Ecology
James E. Herbert-Read, Ann Thornton, Diva J. Amon, Silvana N. R. Birchenough, Isabelle M. Cote, Maria P. Dias, Brendan J. Godley, Sally A. Keith, Emma McKinley, Lloyd S. Peck, Ricardo Calado, Omar Defeo, Steven Degraer, Emma L. Johnston, Hermanni Kaartokallio, Peter I. Macreadie, Anna Metaxas, Agnes W. N. Muthumbi, David O. Obura, David M. Paterson, Alberto R. Piola, Anthony J. Richardson, Irene R. Schloss, Paul V. R. Snelgrove, Bryce D. Stewart, Paul M. Thompson, Gordon J. Watson, Thomas A. Worthington, Moriaki Yasuhara, William J. Sutherland
Summary: In the Marine and Coastal Horizon Scan, scientists, policymakers, and practitioners collated a list of 15 priority emerging issues likely to affect marine and coastal biodiversity over the next 5-10 years through an iterative voting process. These issues are grouped into three categories: ecosystem impacts, resource exploitation, and new technologies.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Koen Van Deun, H. Hatch, S. Jacobi, W. Kohl
Summary: The study investigated the reproductive and developmental toxicity of lithium carbonate in rats and found no toxic effects on reproductive and developmental organs at the doses administered. Results suggest that the use of lithium carbonate at appropriate dose levels may not raise immediate concerns for human reproductive or developmental toxicity effects.
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Charles A. Nelson, Eileen Sullivan, Anne-Michelle Engelstad
Summary: The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of early intervention in relation to developmental neuroscience. The authors summarize the process of neural development from conception to early postnatal years, highlighting the role of experience during this period. Drawing from research on disadvantaged children and those at risk of neurodevelopmental delays, the paper discusses interventions targeting caregiving and autism. Throughout the review, the discussion focuses on how early intervention relates to the developing brain. The article concludes with a discussion on the implications for policy and recommendations for future research.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chien-Ning Hsu, You-Lin Tain
Summary: Animal models are essential for investigating the causal relationship between early-life exposure and the developmental programming of hypertension, providing insights into how early interventions can reprogram disease processes and prevent hypertension.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ruiqi Fan, Wanjun Zhang, Li Jia, Lizhong Li, Jun Zhao, Zengming Zhao, Shuangqing Peng, Yiqiang Chen, Xiaoyan Yuan
Summary: The study found that Difenoconazole (DIF) and dimethomorph (DIM) had negative effects on the development of embryonic zebrafish, especially showing synergistic deleterious effects on deformity and mortality rates. Transcriptome analysis revealed that these compounds may disrupt DNA replication and cell cycle progression by downregulating certain genes. Enhanced surveillance is recommended for this pesticide combination due to the potentially more harmful effects of simultaneous environmental exposure.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bala Murali Krishna Vasamsetti, Kyongmi Chon, Juyeong Kim, Jin-A Oh, Chang-Young Yoon, Hong-Hyun Park
Summary: This study investigated the effects of Thiram on the development of zebrafish embryos and found that Thiram is highly toxic, causing deformities and cardiac-related issues in zebrafish embryos.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mariska Bauwelinck, Jie Chen, Kees de Hoogh, Klea Katsouyanni, Sophia Rodopoulou, Evangelia Samoli, Zorana J. Andersen, Richard Atkinson, Lidia Casas, Patrick Deboosere, Claire Demoury, Nicole Janssen, Jochem O. Klompmaker, Wouter Lefebvre, Amar Jayant Mehta, Tim S. Nawrot, Bente Oftedal, Matteo Renzi, Massimo Stafoggia, Maciek Strak, Hadewijch Vandenheede, Charlotte Vanpoucke, An Van Nieuwenhuyse, Danielle Vienneau, Bert Brunekreef, Gerard Hoek
Summary: The study found that long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with a higher risk of lung cancer mortality, but the association with other causes studied is inconsistent. The magnitude of the associations varied based on adjustments for geographic subdivisions, area-level socio-economic covariates, and exposure assessment methods.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Mette Jorgensen Langergaard, Andreas Ernst, Nis Brix, Anne Gaml-Sorensen, Sandra S. Tottenborg, Jens Peter E. Bonde, Gunnar Toft, Karin S. Hougaard, Cecilia H. Ramlau-Hansen
Summary: This study found that later maternal age at menarche was associated with impaired semen characteristics, lower testes volume, and altered levels of reproductive hormones in sons. However, earlier maternal age at menarche was not strongly associated with reproductive outcomes in sons. These findings may suggest a shared heritability or underlying epigenetic profile of reproductive health, but the exact mechanism remains unknown.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Correction
Environmental Sciences
Annelise Blomberg, Jann Mortensen, Pal Weihe, Philippe Grandjean
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Iben Have Beck, Niels Bilenberg, Soeren Moeller, Flemming Nielsen, Philippe Grandjean, Frederik Damsgaard Hojsager, Thorhallur Ingi Halldorsson, Christel Nielsen, Tina Kold Jensen
Summary: The study found that prenatal and early postnatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may affect intelligence quotient (IQ), especially higher concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were associated with lower IQ scores.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Veronika Ehrlich, Wieneke Bil, Rob Vandebriel, Berit Granum, Mirjam Luijten, Birgitte Lindeman, Philippe Grandjean, Andreas-Marius Kaiser, Ingrid Hauzenberger, Christina Hartmann, Claudia Gundacker, Maria Uhl
Summary: PFAS are a public health concern due to their persistent occurrence and adverse effects on the immune system. The mechanisms underlying the impact on the immune system are not fully understood. Various PFAS affect multiple aspects of the immune system, with the developing immune system being particularly vulnerable to toxic insults.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Esben Budtz-Jorgensen, Philippe Grandjean
Summary: By analyzing two data sets using the BMD method, the study found that using different dose-response models can lead to more accurate results. The toxicity of different PFAS was compared, confirming differences in toxicity among them. It was concluded that EFSA's proposed tolerable exposure limit is too high, while the EPA's proposal is more in line with the research results.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gerard Martinez-Vilavella, Jesus Pujol, Laura Blanco-Hinojo, Joan Deus, Ioar Rivas, Cecilia Persavento, Jordi Sunyer, Maria Foraster
Summary: As urbanization increases, more people are exposed to traffic and the associated risks, including higher exposure to road traffic noise. This study investigated the correlation between exposure to annual average road traffic noise in schools and the functional connectivity of key elements of the auditory pathway in schoolchildren. The results showed that road traffic noise was significantly associated with stronger connectivity between certain regions in the central auditory pathway, suggesting that prolonged exposure to road traffic noise may accelerate maturation in the auditory pathway.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Damaskini Valvi, David C. Christiani, Brent Coull, Kurt Hojlund, Flemming Nielsen, Karine Audouze, Li Su, Pal Weihe, Philippe Grandjean
Summary: This study evaluated the genetic heterogeneity as a modifier in the association between perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and insulin sensitivity and pancreatic beta-cell function. The findings suggest that certain genetic variations play an important role in the association between PFAS and insulin sensitivity.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Philippe Grandjean, Alessandra Meddis, Flemming Nielsen, Anders Sjodin, Mads F. F. Hjorth, Arne Astrup, Esben Budtz-Jorgensen
Summary: The objective of this study was to test the association between perfluorinated alkylate substance (PFAS) exposures and body weight increases in a dietary intervention study. The results showed that elevated plasma concentrations of PFOA and PFHxS were significantly associated with increased weight gain, exceeding the effects of different diet groups. The findings suggest that obesogenic PFASs may contribute to the obesity pandemic.
Article
Pediatrics
Philippe Grandjean, Yu-Hsuan Shih, Louise Helskov Jorgensen, Flemming Nielsen, Pal Weihe, Esben Budtz-Jorgensen
Summary: A study found that early exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) was associated with lower resistin concentrations at the age of 9, suggesting that infancy may be a vulnerable time window for metabolic programming affected by PFAS exposure.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Julia Sanguesa, Sandra Marquez, Mariona Bustamante, Jordi Sunyer, Carmen Iniguez, Jesus Vioque, Loreto Santa-Marina Rodriguez, Alba Jimeno-Romero, Matias Torrent, Maribel Casas, Martine Vrijheid
Summary: This study examines the association between prenatal vitamin D levels and growth and adiposity in late childhood. The results suggest a sex-specific programming effect of early pregnancy vitamin D levels on offspring body composition, which is observed in boys but not in girls.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Frederik Damsgaard Hojsager, Annika Sigvaldsen, Marianne Skovsager Andersen, Anders Juul, Flemming Nielsen, Soren Moller, Henrik Boye Thybo Christesen, Anders Grontved, Philippe Grandjean, Tina Kold Jensen
Summary: This study found that prenatal and early postnatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is associated with lower bone mineral density (BMD) at age 7. The association is stronger for exposure at 18 months than prenatal exposure.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marzanna Marianna Sorensen, Ane Baerent Fisker, Christine Dalgard, Kristoffer Jarlov Jensen, Flemming Nielsen, Christine Stabell Benn, Philippe Grandjean, Amalie Timmermann
Summary: The aim of this study was to identify predictors of infant serum-PFAS concentrations. The study found that the location of residence was the most important determinant of serum-PFAS concentrations among Guinea-Bissau infants, indicating a potential role of diet as affected by the global spread of PFAS, but further research is needed to explore reasons for the regional differences in PFAS exposure.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Brittney O. Baumert, Fabian C. Fischer, Flemming Nielsen, Philippe Grandjean, Scott Bartell, Nikos Stratakis, Douglas I. Walker, Damaskini Valvi, Rohit Kohli, Thomas Inge, Justin Ryder, Todd Jenkins, Stephanie Sisley, Stavra Xanthakos, Sarah Rock, Michele A. La Merrill, David Conti, Rob Mcconnell, Lida Chatzi
Summary: Animal studies have suggested that the liver is a major site for the accumulation and toxicity of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), but these findings have not been replicated in human populations. In this study, concentrations of seven PFAS were measured in matched liver and plasma samples from 64 adolescents undergoing bariatric surgery. A multilinear regression model based on toxicokinetic descriptors perfectly explained the liver:plasma concentration ratios. Among the PFAS congeners examined, perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) had a considerably higher liver:plasma concentration ratio. Mechanistic modeling suggested that complex kinetic transport processes contribute to the high liver:plasma concentration ratio of PFHpA. This study demonstrates the potential of combining biomonitoring data with mechanistic modeling to understand the internal distribution and specific target organ toxicity of PFAS in humans.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Philippe Grandjean, Alessandra Meddis, Flemming Nielsen, Iben H. Beck, Niels Bilenberg, Carly Goodman, Howard Hu, Christine Till, Esben Budtz-Jorgensen
Summary: By merging data from three birth cohort studies, the study found a statistically significant association between urine-fluoride concentrations and IQ, suggesting the need for protection against fluoride toxicity in pregnant women and children.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)