Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gen Ouchi, Ichiro Komiya, Shinichiro Taira, Tamio Wakugami, Yusuke Ohya
Summary: The TG/LDL-C ratio is a reliable predictor of sd-LDL in type 2 diabetes patients, outperforming non-HDL-C.
LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yongzheng Lu, Xiaolin Cui, Li Zhang, Xu Wang, Yanyan Xu, Zhen Qin, Gangqiong Liu, Qiguang Wang, Kang Tian, Khoon S. Lim, Chris J. Charles, Jinying Zhang, Junnan Tang
Summary: Dyslipidemia increases the risk of atherosclerosis, and lipoproteins play a significant role in its development. Understanding lipoprotein function can help predict risk and provide novel treatment approaches for atherosclerosis.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rihwa Choi, Sang Gon Lee, Eun Hee Lee
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of sdLDL predominant phenotype in Korean adult patients and found that a significant proportion of patients had increased risk only due to sdLDL. This suggests that LDL particle size analysis has clinical significance in the Korean population.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alyann Otrante, Abdelghani Bounafaa, Hicham Berrougui, Abdel-Khalid Essamadi, Michel Nguyen, Tamas Fueloep, Abdelouahed Khalil
Summary: This study aimed to determine the size and distribution of LDL and HDL particles in North African acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients and to compare the level of small dense LDL (sdLDL) to other markers used in cardiovascular risk prediction. The results showed that ACS patients had an alteration in LDL particle distribution with a significant increase in sdLDL serum concentrations. These findings suggest that sdLDL levels could be a valuable marker for predicting cardiovascular events.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alexandra E. Butler, Abu Saleh Md Moin, Zeljko Reiner, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Stephen L. Atkin
Summary: Proteomic analysis was conducted to investigate the mechanism of dyslipidemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and whether it is related to obesity and insulin resistance (IR) or intrinsic to PCOS. The analysis revealed altered levels of certain proteins associated with lipid metabolism in PCOS women, suggesting increased cardiovascular risk even in the absence of obesity and IR.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mario Luca Morieri, Valentina Perrone, Chiara Veronesi, Luca Degli Esposti, Margherita Andretta, Mario Plebani, Gian Paolo Fadini, Saula Vigili de Kreutzenberg, Angelo Avogaro
Summary: This study identified factors contributing to low achievement of LDL-cholesterol targets and underuse of lipid-lowering treatments in high- or very-high-cardiovascular risk patients. Gender, age, HDL-c, and triglyceride levels were found to delay statin prescriptions, indicating a need for modification to improve cardiovascular disease prevention. Late initiation of high-intensity treatments, especially in perceived low-risk patients, was highlighted as a key factor that needs to be addressed.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bruno Verges, Jonathan Hassid, Alexia Rouland, Benjamin Bouillet, Isabelle Simoneau, Jean-Michel Petit, Laurence Duvillard
Summary: Liraglutide treatment significantly reduces plasma PCSK9 levels in patients with T2DM not on statins, in line with the acceleration of LDL catabolism. However, this decrease in plasma PCSK9 is significantly influenced by glycaemic control and is not observed in patients with poorly controlled T2DM.
DIABETES & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yin-Yi Han, Sandy Huey-Jen Hsu, Ta-Chen Su
Summary: This study found that vitamin D deficiency is more common in females, smokers, alcohol drinkers, individuals at a younger age, and those who do not exercise regularly. Additionally, high levels of sdLDL-C were associated with low serum vitamin D levels and were more common among individuals with certain risk factors like smoking and alcohol consumption. The study also revealed a strong negative correlation between low vitamin D status and atherogenic dyslipidemia biomarkers in middle-aged adults without cardiovascular disease.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Genki Kobayashi, Hiroshi Okada, Masahide Hamaguchi, Kazushiro Kurogi, Hiroaki Murata, Masato Ito, Michiaki Fukui
Summary: This study investigated the association between LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL/HDL ratio and the incidence of diabetes, and identified the cut-off values for incident diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Iveta Mercep, Nikolina Friscic, Dominik Strikic, Zeljko Reiner
Summary: Inclisiran is a new drug for managing lipid disorders by targeting hepatic production of PCSK9 and significantly reducing LDL-C levels. It has advantages over conventional pharmacotherapy and anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies in terms of administration regimen and safety.
CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hussain A. Al Ghadeer, Mohammed Al Barqi, Abdullah Almaqhawi, Amal S. Alsultan, Jinan A. Alghafli, Murtada A. AlOmaish, Zuhur A. AlGhanem, Amer H. Alsaqar, Abrar T. Alatiyyah, Yasamiyan A. Alburayh, Abdulatif AlOmair, Afaf Almuhaysin, Ali A. Alsaeed
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a global epidemic, with type 2 diabetes characterized by high blood glucose levels and dyslipidemia being a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. A retrospective study conducted at KFU Health Center in Saudi Arabia found a significant association between HDL levels and HbA1c in patients with T2D, suggesting a focus on TC and HDL levels in future health management strategies.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Takahiro Ichikawa, Hiroshi Okada, Masahide Hamaguchi, Kazushiro Kurogi, Hiroaki Murata, Masato Ito, Michiaki Fukui
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between estimated small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) and incident type 2 diabetes. Data from a health checkup program conducted by Panasonic Corporation between 2008 and 2018 were analyzed. The study found that estimated sdLDL cholesterol was an important predictor of future incidence of diabetes within 10 years and had a higher area under the curve compared to other lipid profiles.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Tsutomu Hirano, Rieko Kodera, Takeshi Hirashima, Natsuko Suzuki, Ema Aoki, Mitsuru Hosoya, Taito Oshima, Toshiyuki Hayashi, Shinji Koba, Motoko Ohta, Noriyuki Satoh, Yasuki Ito
Summary: Abnormal compositional changes in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, such as triglyceride (TG) enrichment and size reduction, are common in diabetes patients. LDL-TG and sdLDL-C are sensitive biomarkers for predicting cardiovascular diseases beyond LDL-C. LDL-TG is significantly correlated with TG, LDL-C, sdLDL-C, and apoB, with apoB being the primary determinant. LDL-TG is associated with low-grade systemic inflammation independently of other lipids. LDL-TG levels are regulated by the number of LDL particles, while sdLDL-C is associated with metabolic syndrome-related factors.
JOURNAL OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND THROMBOSIS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jakub Ratajczak, Aldona Kubica, Piotr Michalski, Lukasz Pietrzykowski, Aleksandra Bialczyk, Agata Kosobucka-Ozdoba, Katarzyna Bergmann, Krzysztof Buczkowski, Magdalena Krintus, Piotr Jankowski, Jacek Kubica
Summary: In this cross-sectional study of 200 primary care patients without diagnosed cardiovascular disease, age, diabetes, material status, BMI, gender, and hypertension were found to be related to abnormal lipid parameters.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weila Dong, Karen H. Y. Wong, Youbin Liu, Michal Levy-Sakin, Wei-Chien Hung, Mo Li, Boyang Li, Sheng Chih Jin, Jungmin Choi, Francesc Lopez-Giraldez, Dedeepya Vaka, Annie Poon, Catherine Chu, Richard Lao, Melek Balamir, Irina Movsesyan, Mary J. Malloy, Hongyu Zhao, Pui-Yan Kwok, John P. Kane, Richard P. Lifton, Clive R. Pullinger
Summary: Low levels of HDL-C are associated with increased risk of arteriosclerotic coronary heart disease, and this study found damaging rare variants in the ABCA1 and LDLR genes to be particularly high in individuals with low HDL-C. Numerous damaging variants were also identified in other HDL candidate genes, suggesting a potential new area of interest in HDL genomics.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jelena Vekic, Aleksandra Zeljkovic, Khalid Al Rasadi, Mustafa Cesur, Jose Silva-Nunes, Anca Pantea Stoian, Manfredi Rizzo
Summary: The presence of residual cardiovascular disease risk is a dilemma in clinical practice and the use of novel lipoprotein biomarkers may improve outcomes for high-risk patients. The effects of innovative anti-diabetic therapies on atherogenic lipoproteins and their role in cardiovascular benefit need further research. This article discusses the clinical importance of novel lipid biomarkers for managing residual cardiovascular risk.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jelena Vekic, Aleksandra Zeljkovic, Aleksandra Stefanovic, Natasa Bogavac-Stanojevic, Ioannis Ilias, Jose Silva-Nunes, Anca Pantea Stoian, Andrej Janez, Manfredi Rizzo
Summary: There is compelling evidence linking increased levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) to the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, recent data shows that the majority of patients in Europe are unable to achieve their recommended LDL-C targets. To address this issue, a new approach to lipid-lowering, involving more intensive and earlier intervention, has been proposed for high-risk patients. Additionally, novel lipid biomarkers, such as small dense LDL particles (sdLDL), should be considered as potential therapeutic targets.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Aleksandra Zeljkovic, Ana Milojevic, Sandra Vladimirov, Marija Zdravkovic, Lidija Memon, Milica Brajkovic, Vera Gardijan, Tamara Gojkovic, Aleksandra Stefanovic, Milica Miljkovic-Trailovic, Vesna Spasojevic-Kali, Ana Ninic
Summary: Obesity is associated with increased markers of cholesterol synthesis and decreased markers of cholesterol absorption in OSA patients. The concentration of lathosterol, a marker of cholesterol synthesis, is significantly higher in patients with severe OSA, while there is a trend of decreased cholesterol absorption in these patients. AHI was identified as an independent determinant of lathosterol concentration.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aleksandra Zeljkovic, Daniela Ardalic, Jelena Vekic, Tamara Antonic, Sandra Vladimirov, Manfredi Rizzo, Tamara Gojkovic, Jasmina Ivanisevic, Marija Mihajlovic, Sanja Vujcic, Petar Cabunac, Vesna Spasojevic-Kalimanovska, Zeljko Mikovic, Aleksandra Stefanovic
Summary: Metabolic disorders in pregnancy, particularly gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), have been found to increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and long-term cardiometabolic health issues for both the mother and child. This study examined changes in markers of cholesterol synthesis and absorption during high-risk pregnancies, focusing on the development of GDM. The study found that GDM was associated with higher triglycerides and lower HDL-C levels, as well as lower levels of beta-sitosterol. Furthermore, GDM affected the size and proportions of LDL and HDL particles, and these changes were associated with newborn size. In conclusion, GDM alters cholesterol absorption and HDL maturation, and advanced lipid testing may help identify disturbed lipid homeostasis in GDM.
Article
Cell Biology
Miodrag Lalosevic, Jelena Kotur-Stevuljevic, Jelena Vekic, Manfredi Rizzo, Tijana Kosanovic, Iva Perovic Blagojevic, Aleksandra Zeljkovic, Danilo Jeremic, Marija Mihajlovic, Aleksa Petkovic, Lejla Hajdarpasic, Marjana Djordjevic, Violeta Dobrilovic, Sanja Erceg, Sanja Vujcic, Jelena Marjanovic, Jovana Milijic Jovanovic, Jovica Saponjski, Natasa Bogavac-Stanojevic
Summary: This study evaluated the lipoprotein profile and redox status in COVID-19 patients with different pneumonia severity and found that increased levels of oxidised low-density lipoprotein and small dense lipoprotein particles were associated with disease severity. Oxidative stress may play an important role in the development of the disease.
OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jelena Vekic, Sanja Vujcic, Biljana Bufan, Dragana Bojanin, Khamis Al-Hashmi, Khaild Al-Rasadi, Anca Pantea Stoian, Aleksandra Zeljkovic, Manfredi Rizzo
Summary: Insulin resistance often leads to disorders of lipoprotein metabolism and glucose homeostasis, which are common in patients with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Insulin-resistant subjects have a specific lipid pattern called atherogenic dyslipidemia, characterized by hypertriglyceridemia, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and increased proportion of small, dense low-density lipoprotein. Chronic hyperglycemia promotes non-enzymatic glycation, resulting in increased production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs).
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saska Djekic, Jelena Vekic, Aleksandra Zeljkovic, Jelena Kotur-Stevuljevic, Srdjan Kafedzic, Marija Zdravkovic, Ivan Ilic, Sasa Hinic, Milivoje Cerovic, Milica Stefanovic, Marija Mihajlovic, Aleksandar Neskovic, Natasa Bogavac-Stanojevic
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the impacts of oxidative stress, inflammation, and the presence of sdLDL on the antioxidative function of HDL subclasses and the distribution of PON1 activity within HDL in patients with STEMI. The results showed significant differences in the proportions of HDL subclasses and the distribution of PON1 in STEMI patients compared to the control group. There were positive associations between sdLDL and PON1 activity within HDL subclasses. The increased oxidative stress and sdLDL in STEMI patients are closely related to the compromised antioxidative function of small HDL3 particles and the altered PON1 distribution within HDL.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Domenico Corica, Iwona Ben-Skowronek, Rade Vukovic, Malgorzata Wasniewska
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tamara Antonic, Daniela Ardalic, Sandra Vladimirov, Aleksandra Zeljkovic, Jelena Vekic, Marija Mitrovic, Jasmina Ivanisevic, Tamara Gojkovic, Jelena Munjas, Vesna Spasojevic-Kalimanovska, Zeljko Mikovic, Aleksandra Stefanovic
Summary: A specific feature of dyslipidemia in pregnancy is increased HDL cholesterol concentration, but preeclampsia is associated with low HDL cholesterol. This study aimed to investigate changes in HDL metabolism in risky pregnancies and those with late-onset preeclampsia. The findings suggest that reduced capacity for intestinal HDL synthesis, decreased LCAT activity, and impaired capacity for HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux could contribute to lower HDL cholesterol in late-onset preeclampsia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jelena Vekic, Aleksandra Stefanovic, Aleksandra Zeljkovic
Summary: Obesity is associated with a specific lipid disorder called atherogenic dyslipidemia, characterized by quantitative and qualitative changes in plasma lipoproteins. It is more common in women and increases the risk of reproductive disorders, metabolic complications in pregnancy, and cardiometabolic disease. Recent advances in dyslipidemia research have focused on modified plasma lipoproteins, especially triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and their remnants. Advanced analytical techniques have identified novel lipid biomarkers, with potential clinical applications for assessing dyslipidemia in obesity.
CURRENT OBESITY REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jelena Vekic, Kristine Stromsnes, Stefania Mazzalai, Aleksandra Zeljkovic, Manfredi Rizzo, Juan Gambini
Summary: Oxidative stress and atherogenic dyslipidemia play important roles in the development of atherosclerosis, contributing to its formation through various mechanisms. Novel, potential biomarkers can be used in clinical applications.
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sanja Panic Zaric, Rade Vukovic, Tatjana Milenkovic, Katarina Mitrovic, Sladjana Todorovic, Snezana Ristic, Natasa Stajic, Jovana Putnik, Aleksandra Paripovic, Vladislav Vukomanovic, Sanja Ninic, Sergej Prijic, Sasa Popovic, Ivana Cerovic, Ivana Kitic, Srdjan Pasic, Predrag Minic, Milan Rodic, Milos Kuzmanovic, Milena Jovic, Maja Djordjevic Milosevic, Sandra Pekic Djurdjevic, Milan Petakov, Mihajo Milicevic, Milan Jovanovic
HORMONE RESEARCH IN PAEDIATRICS
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jana Milenkovic, Tatjana Milenkovic, Katarina Sedlecki, Vladimir Kojovic, Predrag Ilic, Jelena Martic, Sladana Todorovic, Katarina Mitrovic, Marko Marjanovic, Jovana Toncev, Sanja Panic-Zaric, Rade Vukovic
HORMONE RESEARCH IN PAEDIATRICS
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maja Cehic, Gordana Kovacevic, Tatjana Milenkovic, Ruzica Kravljanac, Sladjana Todorovic, Rade Vukovic, Sanja Panic-Zaric, Katarina Mitrovic
HORMONE RESEARCH IN PAEDIATRICS
(2022)
