Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
Volume 100, Issue 2, Pages 374-376Publisher
AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0173
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Funding
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R01AI050038]
- National Science Foundation, Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases program [08119234]
- Courtney Wilson Memorial Award
- International Institute Fellowship at the University of Michigan
- Rack ham Graduate School at the University of Michigan
- Tinker Field Research Grant through the Latin American and Caribbean Studies at the University of Michigan
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Small-scale farming may have large impacts on the selection and spread of antimicrobial resistance to humans. We conducted an observational study to evaluate antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli populations from poultry and humans in rural northwestern Esmeraldas, Ecuador. Our study site is a remote region with historically low resistance levels of third-generation antibiotics such cefotaxime (CTX), a clinically relevant antibiotic, in both poultry and humans. Our study revealed 1) high CTX resistance (66.1%) in farmed broiler chickens, 2) an increase in CTX resistance over time in backyard chicken not fed antibiotics (2.3-17.9%), and 3) identical bla(CTX-M) sequences from human and chicken bacteria, suggesting a spillover event. These findings provide evidence that small-scale meat production operations have direct impacts on the spread and selection of clinically important antibiotics among underdeveloped settings.
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