Article
Immunology
Clarissa M. Koch, Andrew D. Prigge, Leah Setar, Kishore R. Anekalla, Hahn Chi Do-Umehara, Hiam Abdala-Valencia, Yuliya Politanska, Avani Shukla, Jairo Chavez, Grant R. Hahn, Bria M. Coates
Summary: This study characterized the local host response to RSV infection in the nasal mucosa of infants with critical bronchiolitis and identified early admission gene signatures associated with clinical outcomes. Increased expression and abundance of ciliated cells were positively correlated with duration of hospitalization, suggesting their important role in the disease process.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Daniel J. B. Clarke, Alison W. Rebman, Allison Bailey, Megan L. Wojciechowicz, Sherry L. Jenkins, John E. Evangelista, Matteo Danieletto, Jinshui Fan, Mark W. Eshoo, Michael R. Mosel, William Robinson, Nitya Ramadoss, Jason Bobe, Mark J. Soloski, John N. Aucott, Avi Ma'ayan
Summary: Through RNA sequencing and clinical phenotyping, the study found significant differences in peripheral blood cells of acute Lyme disease patients compared to controls, mainly characterized by up-regulation of immune response genes. Machine learning classifiers can distinguish Lyme patients from other controls and COVID-19 patients, but are not successful in differentiating patients in early cases who would develop persistent symptoms after treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Emil Lagumdzic, Clara P. S. Pernold, Reinhard Ertl, Nicola Palmieri, Maria Stadler, Spencer Sawyer, Melissa R. Stas, Heinrich Kreutzmann, Till Ruemenapf, Andrea Ladinig, Armin Saalmueller
Summary: The expression profiles of PBMCs and CD8(+) T cells were investigated after PRRSV AUT15-33 infection. PBMCs showed a strong innate immune response at 7 dpi, and CD8(+) T cells exhibited a strong adaptive immune response starting from 14 dpi. The gene expression patterns of both cell types provided valuable insights into the immune response to PRRSV infection and could serve as potential biomarkers for vaccine and therapeutics development.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yahui Gao, Jianbin Li, Gaozhan Cai, Yujiao Wang, Wenjing Yang, Yanqin Li, Xiuxin Zhao, Rongling Li, Yundong Gao, Wenbin Tuo, Ransom L. Baldwin, Cong-Jun Li, Lingzhao Fang, George E. Liu
Summary: This study provides the first scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq data for bovine PBMCs and their responses to LPS stimulation. It reveals that LPS can modulate cell cycle progression, cellular differentiation, and chromatin accessibility in PBMCs. The study also identifies trait-relevant cell types and their associated genes, providing valuable resources for future research on the bovine immune system and its connection to complex traits.
Article
Oncology
Dongsheng Chen, Wei Wang, Linlin Wu, Langchao Liang, Shiyou Wang, Yunfeng Cheng, Tongda Zhang, Chaochao Chai, Qiuhong Luo, Chengcheng Sun, Wandong Zhao, Zhiyuan Lv, Ya Gao, Xiaoxia Wu, Ning Sun, Yiwei Zhang, Jing Zhang, Yixuan Chen, Jianing Tong, Xiangdong Wang, Yong Bai, Chaoyang Sun, Xin Jin, Jianmin Niu
Summary: This study constructed a single-cell atlas of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in pregnant women and identified immune cell reconfiguration during pregnancy. The researchers also developed a model to predict gestational age of normal pregnancy using transcriptomic data.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Wenyu Xiang, Shuai Han, Cuili Wang, Hongjun Chen, Lingling Shen, Tingting Zhu, Kai Wang, Wenjie Wei, Jing Qin, Nelli Shushakova, Song Rong, Hermann Haller, Hong Jiang, Jianghua Chen
Summary: In this study, RNA sequencing and bioinformatics methods were used to characterize the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with acute renal allograft rejection. Differentially expressed genes and inflammatory pathways associated with rejection were identified, and a combination of genes was able to distinguish between rejection and non-rejection with high accuracy. This study provides a foundation for the discovery of biomarkers and a better understanding of acute renal allograft rejection.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lang Cai, Yang Zou, Yue Xu, Hao-Yu Li, Shi-Chen Xie, Xing-Quan Zhu, Wen-Bin Zheng
Summary: Toxocara canis infection can alter the mRNA profiles of Beagle dogs' peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) during the lung infection period, leading to changes in immune-related signaling pathways. This study provides insights into the interaction mechanism between T. canis and host immune cells.
Article
Oncology
Yang-Yang Wang, En-Qiang Chang, Rui-Lou Zhu, Xiao-Zhuan Liu, Guang-Zhi Wang, Ning-Tao Li, Wei Zhang, Jun Zhou, Xiang-Dong Wang, Ming-Yang Sun, Jia-Qiang Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of general anesthesia on the patient's immune system at a single-cell level. Results showed changes in CD56(+) NK cells and monocytes at different time points after anesthesia, as well as differences in immune cell communication between females and males. Additionally, the severity of surgery and type of anesthesia were found to affect communication between immune cells.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Roosheel S. Patel, Joy E. Tomlinson, Thomas J. Divers, Gerlinde R. Van de Walle, Brad R. Rosenberg
Summary: This study demonstrates the utility of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) in characterizing cellular diversity of equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), identifying a majority of T-bet(+) B cells in the equine peripheral B cell compartment, which is typically associated with chronic infection and inflammation in human and mouse.
Article
Immunology
Yuwei Zhang, Xingyu Guo, Cunbao Li, Zengqiang Kou, Lanfang Lin, Mingxiao Yao, Bo Pang, Xiaomei Zhang, Qing Duan, Xueying Tian, Yufang Xing, Xiaolin Jiang
Summary: This study reveals the important role of innate immune pathways, the correlation between the third dose of booster vaccine and proteasome-related genes, and the strong immune response of recovered individuals to a single dose of inactivated vaccine. These findings help to understand the host's molecular immune system reaction to the inactivated vaccine and provide a basis for vaccination strategy selection.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sha-Sha Wang, Dan Chen, Jun-Jun He, Wen-Bin Zheng, Ai-Ling Tian, Guang-Hui Zhao, Hany M. Elsheikha, Xing-Quan Zhu
Summary: This study used RNA-seq to analyze the changes in expression of mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in goat peripheral blood mononuclear cells treated with Fasciola gigantica ESPs. The results indicated that Fasciola gigantica ESPs altered the expression of genes associated with host immune response, receptor signaling, disease, and metabolism.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Rachel L. Smith, Amelia Goddard, Arun Boddapati, Steven Brooks, Johan P. Schoeman, Justin Lack, Andrew Leisewitz, Hans Ackerman
Summary: The study investigates the clinical and transcriptomic progression of B. rossi infection in canines through controlled inoculations. The research establishes a large mammalian model of severe hemoprotozoal disease, providing insights into host-parasite biology and potential anti-disease therapeutics. Insights gained from studying B. rossi in canines may improve understanding of this emerging infectious disease threat in domestic dogs and offer knowledge on human diseases caused by Babesia and Plasmodium species.
Article
Biology
Jenifer Vallejo, Ryosuke Saigusa, Rishab Gulati, Sujit Silas Armstrong Suthahar, Vasantika Suryawanshi, Ahmad Alimadadi, Christopher P. Durant, Yanal Ghosheh, Payel Roy, Erik Ehinger, Tanyaporn Pattarabanjird, David B. Hanna, Alan L. Landay, Russell P. Tracy, Jason M. Lazar, Wendy J. Mack, Kathleen M. Weber, Adaora A. Adimora, Howard N. Hodis, Phyllis C. Tien, Igho Ofotokun, Sonya L. Heath, Avishai Shemesh, Coleen A. McNamara, Lewis L. Lanier, Catherine C. Hedrick, Robert C. Kaplan, Klaus Ley
Summary: Combining protein and transcript single-cell sequencing provides a suitable and powerful method for clinical investigations using PBMCs, allowing for the assessment of disease-related changes in transcriptomes and cell type proportions.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alma Zernecke, Florian Erhard, Tobias Weinberger, Christian Schulz, Klaus Ley, Antoine Emmanuel Saliba, Clement Cochain
Summary: This study aimed to refine the nomenclature of mononuclear phagocytes in atherosclerotic vessels and compare their transcriptomic profiles in mouse and human disease. The researchers integrated single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets from both mice and humans, identifying subpopulations and unique transcriptomic features. They found conserved transcriptomic features of macrophages and DCs in atherosclerosis, highlighting the relevance of mouse models in studying mononuclear phagocytes in this disease.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mengting Zhan, Zhenyu Huang, Gaofeng Cheng, Yongyao Yu, Jianguo Su, Zhen Xu
Summary: This study found that infection with infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) affects the skin immune response and microbial composition in rainbow trout. IHNV invasion induces strong antiviral and antibacterial immune responses and leads to dysbiosis of the skin microbial community.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nursing
M. Mamun Huda, Leonie K. Callaway, Greg Jackson, Yaqoot Fatima, Janet Cumming, Tuhin Biswas, Gonzalo R. Paz, Fran Boyle, Peter D. Sly, Abdullah Al Mamun
Summary: This study investigated the time trends, projections, and spatial distribution of low birthweight (LBW) in Australia from 2009 to 2030. The prevalence of LBW increased from 6.18% in 2009 to 6.64% in 2019. If the trend continues, the projected prevalence of LBW in Australia will reach 7.34% in 2030. The trends in LBW varied across different subpopulations, with stable rates among Indigenous mothers and increases among non-Indigenous mothers, disadvantaged mothers, and mothers who smoked during pregnancy.
BIRTH-ISSUES IN PERINATAL CARE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ayaho Yamamoto, Peter D. Sly, Keng Yih Chew, Lavrent Khachatryan, Nelufa Begum, Abrey J. Yeo, Luan D. Vu, Kirsty R. Short, Stephania A. Cormier, Emmanuelle Fantino
Summary: Epidemiological evidence shows a link between lower air quality and increased severity of COVID-19, but the mechanism is not yet understood. This study suggests that oxidative stress caused by air pollution could increase viral replication and inflammation in the nasal epithelium. The researchers found that exposure to an oxidant found in air pollution increased SARS-CoV-2 replication and inflammation-related gene expression, while antioxidant treatment reduced viral replication and inflammation. These findings indicate that oxidant damage to the respiratory epithelium may contribute to the association between poor air quality and increased COVID-19 severity.
EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Maryam Shojaei, Amir Shamshirian, James Monkman, Laura Grice, Minh Tran, Chin Wee Tan, Siok Min Teo, Gustavo Rodrigues Rossi, Timothy R. McCulloch, Marek Nalos, Maedeh Raei, Alireza Razavi, Roya Ghasemian, Mobina Gheibi, Fatemeh Roozbeh, Peter D. Sly, Kirsten M. Spann, Keng Yih Chew, Yanshan Zhu, Yao Xia, Timothy J. Wells, Alexandra Cristina Senegaglia, Carmen Lucia Kuniyoshi, Claudio Luciano Franck, Anna Flavia Ribeiro dos Santos, Lucia de Noronha, Sepideh Motamen, Reza Valadan, Omolbanin Amjadi, Rajan Gogna, Esha Madan, Reza Alizadeh-Navaei, Liliana Lamperti, Felipe Zuniga, Estefania Nova-Lamperti, Gonzalo Labarca, Ben Knippenberg, Velma Herwanto, Ya Wang, Amy Phu, Tracy Chew, Timothy Kwan, Karan Kim, Sally Teoh, Tiana M. Pelaia, Win Sen Kuan, Yvette Jee, Jon Iredell, Ken O'Byrne, John F. Fraser, Melissa J. Davis, Gabrielle T. Belz, Majid E. Warkiani, Carlos Salomon Gallo, Fernando Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes, Quan Nguyen, Anthony Mclean, Arutha Kulasinghe, Kirsty R. Short, Benjamin Tang
Summary: This study found that the IFI27 gene is associated with COVID-19 infection and that its expression levels in the respiratory tract and blood are correlated with viral load and infection severity. IFI27 gene family biomarkers may supplement conventional diagnostic tools in future virus pandemics.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Md. Al Amin Sikder, Ridwan B. Rashid, Tufael Ahmed, Ismail Sebina, Daniel R. Howard, Md. Ashik Ullah, Muhammed Mahfuzur Rahman, Jason P. Lynch, Bodie Curren, Rhiannon B. Werder, Jennifer Simpson, Alec Bissell, Mark Morrison, Carina Walpole, Kristen J. Radford, Vinod Kumar, Trent M. Woodruff, Tan Hui Ying, Ayesha Ali, Gerard E. Kaiko, John W. Upham, Robert D. Hoelzle, Paraic O. Cuiv, Patrick G. Holt, Paul G. Dennis, Simon Phipps
Summary: Poor maternal diet during pregnancy increases the risk of severe lower respiratory infections (sLRIs) in infants. This study found that a maternal low-fiber diet (LFD) led to worsened LRI severity in mice offspring due to delayed recruitment of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) and disruption of regulatory T cell expansion in the lungs. The LFD altered the composition of the maternal milk and infant gut microbiome, resulting in reduced secretion of the DC growth factor Flt3L and impaired pDC hematopoiesis. However, therapy with propionate-producing bacteria or propionate supplementation restored gut Flt3L expression and pDC hematopoiesis, providing protection against sLRI.
Article
Allergy
Yuan Gao, Jakob Stokholm, Martin O'Hely, Anne-Louise Ponsonby, Mimi L. K. Tang, Sarath Ranganathan, Richard Saffery, Leonard C. Harrison, Fiona Collier, Lawrence Gray, David Burgner, John Molloy, Peter D. Sly, Susanne Brix, Hanne Frokiaer, Peter Vuillermin
Summary: Having older siblings can decrease the risk of IgE-mediated food allergy by accelerating the maturation of the infant gut microbiota.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. Lizeth Orozco M. Morales, Catherine Rinaldi, Emma M. de Jong, Sally Lansley, Y. C. Gary A. Lee, Rachael Zemek, Anthony Bosco, Richard Lake, W. Joost Lesterhuis
Summary: This study compared and analyzed the transcriptomes of invasive pleural tumors and non-invasive subcutaneous tumors in mesothelioma. The invasive pleural tumors showed an enrichment of genes associated with MEF2C and MYOCD signaling, muscle differentiation, and myogenesis. Geldanamycin was identified as a potential antagonist of this transcriptomic signature, but its efficacy in vitro and in vivo was limited.
Article
Immunology
Anthony Bosco
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and Rhinovirus (RV) infections are major triggers of severe lower respiratory illnesses (sLRI) in infants and children and are strongly associated with the subsequent development of asthma. Recent findings highlight novel aspects of the interferon response in sLRI pathogenesis and provide new directions for mechanistic studies and drug development.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Yury A. Bochkov, Mark Devries, Kaitlin Tetreault, Ronald Gangnon, Sujin Lee, Leonard B. Bacharier, William W. Busse, Carlos A. Camargo, Timothy Choi, Robyn Cohen, Ramyani De, Gregory P. DeMuri, Anne M. Fitzpatrick, Peter J. Gergen, Kristine Grindle, Rebecca Gruchalla, Tina Hartert, Kohei Hasegawa, Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey, Patrick Holt, Kiara Homil, Tuomas Jartti, Meyer Kattan, Carolyn Kercsmar, Haejin Kim, Ingrid A. Laing, Peter N. Le Souef, Andrew H. Liu, David T. Mauger, Tressa Pappas, Shilpa J. Patel, Wanda Phipatanakul, Jacqueline Pongracic, Christine Seroogy, Peter D. Sly, Christopher Tisler, Ellen R. Wald, Robert Wood, Robert F. Lemanske, Daniel J. Jackson, James E. Gern
Summary: This study examined cross-neutralization reactions and antibody duration of rhinovirus type A (RV-A) and type C (RV-C). The results showed limited cross-neutralization reactions between the two types, which are limited to genetically similar strains. However, the duration of antibody response during childhood is similar for both types.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cindy Pham, Sarah Thomson, Sung-Tong Chin, Peter Vuillermin, Martin O'Hely, David Burgner, Samuel Tanner, Richard Saffery, Toby Mansell, Sze Bong, Elaine Holmes, Peter D. Sly, Nicola Gray, Anne-Louise Ponsonby, Barwon Infant Study Invest Grp
Summary: Childhood mental disorders are becoming increasingly common, and higher maternal oxidative stress during pregnancy is linked to these disorders. Social and prenatal environmental factors contribute to maternal oxidative stress and childhood mental disorders. Future studies are needed to further understand the role of early-life oxidant damage in childhood mental disorders.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
K. M. Shahunja, Peter D. Sly, Abdullah Mamun
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the changing patterns of important psychosocial environmental factors and their associations with asthma symptom trajectories among children in Australia. The study identified the associations between factors such as maternal depression, parents' financial hardship, and parents' stressful life events with persistent high asthma symptom trajectories in children.
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Michael Cousins, Kylie Hart, Bence L. Radics, A. John Henderson, Zoltan Hantos, Peter D. Sly, Sailesh Kotecha
Summary: Although the mechanisms underlying lung dysfunction after preterm birth are not well understood, studying the phenotypes of prematurity-associated lung disease can help to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. This study used oscillometry to assess lung function in preterm-born children and term controls, and found that preterm-born children with obstructive airway disease had the greatest impairments in oscillometry, which were significantly improved after postexercise bronchodilator administration. These findings suggest that oscillometry could potentially be used as a tool to identify preterm-born children with lung disease and institute appropriate treatment.
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Mari D. Takashima, Keith Grimwood, Peter D. Sly, Stephen B. Lambert, Robert S. Ware
Summary: This study evaluated the interaction between rhinovirus and potentially pathogenic bacteria in early infancy and their association with wheezing and asthma. The results showed that rhinovirus infection increased the risk of wheezing before age 2 years, while Haemophilus influenzae infection increased the odds of asthma at age 5-7 years. Microbes may have an etiologic role in wheezing and asthma.
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Anya C. Jones, Jonatan Leffler, Ingrid A. Laing, Joelene Bizzintino, Siew-Kim Khoo, Peter N. LeSouef, Peter D. Sly, Patrick G. Holt, Deborah H. Strickland, Anthony Bosco
Summary: Asthma exacerbations in children are associated with virus infection and atopy, leading to immune activation and immune cell infiltration in the airways. Cellular and molecular profiling of PBMC from atopic asthmatic children during exacerbations revealed changes in immune cell abundance and upregulation of coexpressed genes related to innate immunity, inflammation, and remodeling. These findings suggest that pre-programmed pathogenic and protective functions of circulating immune cells contribute to the development of asthma exacerbations.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Xiaofan Tu, Henry M. Gomez, Richard Y. Kim, Alexandra C. Brown, Emma de Jong, Izabela Galvao, Alen Faiz, Anthony Bosco, Jay C. Horvat, Philip Hansbro, Chantal Donovan
Summary: Lung transcriptomics studies have provided valuable information in asthma research, but it is important to understand the individual contributions of the airway and parenchyma in disease development. This study used a house dust mite-induced asthma model to analyze the transcriptomics of the airway and parenchyma. The results identified several transcription factors that regulate gene expression in these compartments, and further investigation showed that inhibiting the lung SPI1 response had positive effects on key disease outcomes. This study highlights the importance of SPI1 in experimental asthma and suggests its potential as a target for treatment.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2023)