Journal
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
Volume 49, Issue -, Pages 67-82Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.11.004
Keywords
Brain ageing; Structural brain changes; MRI assessment; Pathophysiology; Neurodegeneration
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Funding
- Canadas National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC)
- China Scholarship Council
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research [CSE-125739]
- Surrey Hospital and Outpatient Centre Foundation [FHREB2015-030]
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Advances in MRI technology have significantly contributed to our ability to understand the process of brain ageing, allowing us to track and assess changes that occur during normal ageing and neurological conditions. This paper focuses on reviewing structural changes of the ageing brain that are commonly seen using MRI, summarizing the pathophysiology, prevalence, and neuroanatomical distribution of changes including atrophy, lacunes, white matter lesions, and dilated perivascular spaces. We also review the clinically accessible methodology for assessing these MRI-based changes, covering visual rating scales, as well computer-aided and fully automated methods. Subsequently, we consider novel assessment methods designed to evaluate changes across the whole brain, and finally discuss new directions in this field of research.
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