Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rosalia Emma, Massimo Caruso, Davide Campagna, Roberta Pulvirenti, Giovanni Li Volti
Summary: Cells constantly produce oxidizing species through their metabolic activity, which is countered by the production of antioxidant species. Smoking is a major exogenous source of these species. Next-generation products like electronic cigarettes and tobacco heating products are proposed as alternatives to reduce the harmful effects of smoking. Tobacco smoke has been established to have significant impact on oxidative stress signaling, while further research is needed to understand the long-term oxidative effects of these alternative products.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sooyong Kim, Saul Shiffman, Mark A. Sembower
Summary: Smokers' beliefs about the relative risk of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) compared to cigarettes impact their acceptance and use of ENDS. Smokers who perceive ENDS as less harmful than cigarettes are more likely to adopt and completely switch to ENDS, and are less likely to revert to smoking among those who have switched.
Review
Substance Abuse
Sophie Braznell, Amber van den Akker, Chris Metcalfe, Gemma M. J. Taylor, Jamie Hartmann-Boyce
Summary: This study critically evaluates the methodological characteristics and quality of interventional clinical trials investigating the effects of heated tobacco products (HTPs). The findings suggest that these trials have poor conduct and reporting and are limited to investigating short-term exposure effects. This raises concerns about their reliability as a basis for tobacco control policy decisions.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Leena Malayil, Suhana Chattopadhyay, Emmanuel F. Mongodin, Amy R. Sapkota
Summary: Young adults are increasingly using non-cigarette products, such as hookahs, which are seen as healthier alternatives to cigarette smoking. However, the bacterial communities associated with hookah tobacco differ across brands and flavors, and may have important implications for the exposure to specific bacteria among hookah users.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Swapna Upadhyay, Mizanur Rahman, Gunnar Johanson, Lena Palmberg, Koustav Ganguly
Summary: Heated tobacco products (HTPs) allow users to inhale nicotine by heating reconstituted tobacco. The composition of HTP aerosol varies according to the added flavoring agents and contains more harmful and potentially harmful constituents compared to cigarette smoke. The risks of HTP use, especially the long-term effects, are still unknown.
Article
Substance Abuse
Byron Lawrence Crape, Tansholpan Yakhiyayeva, Kainar Kadyrzhanuly, Arnur Gusmanov, Dzhamilya Sadykova
Summary: The study found that hookah server employees have limited knowledge of the harms and toxicant exposure of hookah smoking, and often believe that the water in hookah bowls filters out toxicants. Employees reported symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning during work but believed their bodies would adapt. Workplace policies and regulations are needed to protect hookah server employees and educational interventions are necessary.
Article
Substance Abuse
Xiaoyu Zhang, Yuying Sun, Yee Tak Derek Cheung, Man Ping Wang, Yongda Socrates Wu, Kin Yeung Chak, Jianjiu Chen, Lok Tung Leung, Tai Hing Lam, Sai Yin Ho
Summary: This study found that users of heated tobacco products had lower levels of exhaled CO and similar levels of saliva cotinine compared to conventional cigarette smokers.
Article
Substance Abuse
Jungmi Jun, Sei-Hill Kim, James Thrasher, Yoo Jin Cho, Yu-Jin Heo
Summary: The news coverage of heated tobacco products (HTPs) regulation in South Korea focused mainly on taxation (55.2%) and warning labels (25.7%). While attitudes towards taxation were evenly split between pro-regulation (2.5%) and anti-regulation (2.2%), other restrictions such as warning labels (pro=9.5% vs anti=1.4%), marketing restrictions (pro=6.9% vs anti=0%), and smoke-free policies for cigarettes (pro=8.7% vs anti=0%) were more likely to be portrayed in a positive light. The government (59%) was cited most frequently as a news source, followed by the tobacco industry (39.4%), with a low presence of tobacco control advocates (4.9%). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of news stories mentioning reduced harm (31.7%) and equal or more harm (33.6%) of HTPs compared with conventional cigarettes.
Article
Substance Abuse
Kylie Morphett, Doug Fraser, Ron Borland, Wayne Hall, Natalie Walker, Chris Bullen, Coral Gartner
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effects of low-intensity interventions on smoking cessation. The results showed that using nicotine products as long-term substitutes or offering e-cigarettes did not lead to better smoking abstinence compared to standard treatment.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ahnna Lee, Sunhee Park, Junghee Kim
Summary: Research has shown that there is a rising trend of concurrent electronic cigarette and traditional cigarette use among college students. Most e-cigarette users perceive e-cigarettes as less harmful, with main reasons for use being no smell, lower harm, and feasibility to use in non-smoking areas. Additionally, factors associated with e-cigarette use include gender, age, and number of smoking days.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH AND ADDICTION
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Olivia A. Wackowski, Richard J. O'Connor, Destiny Diaz, Mariam Rashid, M. Jane Lewis, Kathryn Greene
Summary: Studies have shown that consumers are interested in receiving specific statistical data on harm reduction for electronic cigarettes and smokeless tobacco products. However, there is skepticism among participants regarding the source and accuracy of these quantitative messages, suggesting that they may be misleading and attractive to young people. Participants also found that messages emphasizing high levels of reduced risk compared to smoking could be attention-grabbing and persuasive, particularly if coming from credible sources.
Article
Substance Abuse
Connor R. Miller, Edward Sutanto, Danielle M. Smith, Sara C. Hitchman, Shannon Gravely, Hua H. Yong, Ron Borland, Richard J. O'Connor, K. Michael Cummings, Geoffrey T. Fong, Andrew Hyland, Anne C. K. Quah, Maciej L. Goniewicz
Summary: The study found that approximately one third of respondents were aware of heated tobacco products (HTPs), even in countries where these products were not yet on the market. Trial and use of HTPs were more common among smokers who also used vaping products. The availability of HTPs seemed to have an impact on their trial and use, especially among concurrent smokers and vapers.
Article
Substance Abuse
Charlotte N. E. Tompkins, Annabel Burnley, Ann McNeill, Sara C. Hitchman
Summary: The study identified six main factors influencing initiation and use of IQOS among smokers and ex-smokers, including health, financial, physical, practical, psychological, and social factors. The findings suggest that factors such as packaging, labeling, risk communication, price, and smoke-free policies play a role in influencing the decision to use IQOS.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Emily Glidden, Nikki A. Hawkins, Ahmed Jamal, Teresa W. Wang
Summary: This study aimed to examine US youths' harm perceptions towards nondaily use of tobacco products such as e-cigarettes, cigarettes, etc. The results showed that a considerable proportion of middle and high school students in 2020 believed these products cause little to no harm. Over the past few years, perceptions of harm decreased for e-cigarettes, increased for cigarettes and smokeless tobacco.
JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nathan M. M. Holt, Saul Shiffman, Ryan A. A. Black, Nicholas I. I. Goldenson, Mark A. A. Sembower, Michael J. J. Oldham
Summary: The use of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) can reduce the harm caused by traditional cigarette smoking, as they provide nicotine without combustion. ENDS users are exposed to lower levels of harmful chemicals compared to cigarette smokers. The levels of harmful chemicals in dual users are directly related to their cigarette consumption.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Jean-Eric Tarride, Gord Blackhouse, G. Emmanuel Guindon, Michael O. Chaiton, Lynn Planinac, Robert Schwartz
Summary: This study analyzed the return on investment of tobacco control policies implemented in Canada between 2001 and 2016. The findings showed that the economic benefits of these policies outweighed the implementation costs, providing strong evidence for investing in tobacco control policies.
Article
Substance Abuse
Shannon Gravely, Janet Chung-Hall, Lorraine Craig, Geoffrey T. Fong, K. Michael Cummings, Ron Borland, Hua-Hie Yong, Ruth Loewen, Nadia Martin, Anne C. K. Quah, David Hammond, Janine Ouimet, Christian Boudreau, Mary E. Thompson, Pete Driezen
Summary: Plain packaging in Canada substantially reduced pack appeal and increased support for the policy among adult smokers; however, there was no increase in the effectiveness of Canada's 8-year-old health warning labels. The impact of plain packaging on health warning effectiveness may depend on the design of the warnings and length of time since implementation.
Review
Substance Abuse
Rui Fu, Anasua Kundu, Nicholas Mitsakakis, Tara Elton-Marshall, Wei Wang, Sean Hill, Susan J. Bondy, Hayley Hamilton, Peter Selby, Robert Schwartz, Michael Oliver Chaiton
Summary: This study aimed to identify and review the body of tobacco research literature that used machine learning (ML) in the analysis. The results revealed four main domains in which ML was applied, including ML-powered technology to assist smoking cessation, content analysis of tobacco on social media, smoker status classification from narrative clinical texts, and tobacco-related outcome prediction using various types of data. The implications of these studies and future directions for ML researchers in tobacco control were discussed.
Article
Substance Abuse
Lin Li, Ron Borland, K. Michael Cummings, Andrew Hyland, Michael Le Grande, Geoffrey T. Fong, Ann McNeill
Summary: There is a consistent association between polysmoking and reduced quit success for combustible tobacco, but it is probably due to increased likelihood of transitioning to non-daily use rather than complete cessation.
Article
Substance Abuse
Kai-Wen Cheng, Feng Liu, Michael F. Pesko, David T. Levy, Geoffrey T. Fong, K. Michael Cummings
Summary: The study found that extending indoor smoking restrictions to include electronic cigarettes had no significant impact on the use of e-cigarettes and cigarette smoking among adults in the United States. The results were consistent across different socio-demographic subgroups.
Article
Substance Abuse
Karin A. Kasza, David Hammond, Shannon Gravely, Richard J. O'Connor, Gang Meng, Katherine East, Ron Borland, K. Michael Cummings, Geoffrey T. Fong, Andrew Hyland
Summary: The use of nicotine vaping is strongly associated with smoking cessation among smokers who do not initially plan to quit smoking, while there is no significant difference among smokers who plan to quit.
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Lynn Planinac, Robert Schwartz, Michael Chaiton, Bruce Baskerville, Daniel Grace, Carmen Logie, Catherine MacDonald
Summary: Canadian young adults who identify as 2SLGBTQI+ have higher smoking rates due to the social acceptability of smoking, especially in relation to stress, mental health, and social connections. This study found that smoking was more socially acceptable than vaping, with a strong link to coping and social connections. Factors such as current smoking and vaping habits, younger age, living in smaller cities, identifying as a person of color, as well as gender and sexual orientation, influenced smoking acceptability. This research is crucial for developing prevention and cessation programs for addressing smoking among 2SLGBTQI+ young adults by considering the positive and negative dimensions associated with smoking.
JOURNAL OF LGBT YOUTH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
David R. Strong, John P. Pierce, Martha White, Matthew D. Stone, David B. Abrams, Allison M. Glasser, Olivia A. Wackowski, K. Michael Cummings, Andrew Hyland, Kristie Taylor, Kathryn C. Edwards, Marushka L. Silveira, Heather L. Kimmel, Wilson M. Compton, Lynn C. Hull, Raymond Niaura
Summary: This study analyzed the trajectories of tobacco dependence in relation to changes in tobacco product use. The results showed that tobacco dependence remained stable over time for most tobacco product users in the United States, except for e-cigarette users who experienced small increases in dependence levels.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sherald Sanchez, Alicia Deck, Neill Bruce Baskerville, Michael Chaiton
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Crush the Crave app in supporting vaping cessation among youth. A 12-month randomized controlled trial will be conducted, recruiting 600 young e-cigarette users and randomizing them into an intervention group using the app and an assessment-only control group. The findings will contribute to our understanding of youth vaping cessation and provide evidence for the development of app-based interventions. Importance rating: 8 out of 10.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Hua-Hie Yong, Chandan Karmakar, Mohammod Abdul Motin, Ron Borland, K. Michael Cummings, Shannon Gravely, Geoffrey T. Fong
Summary: This study investigated individual and conjoint factors associated with beliefs about the harmfulness of nicotine replacement therapies (NRTs) compared to combustible cigarettes (CCs). The findings showed that many individuals who regularly smoke cigarettes have misconceptions about the relative harmfulness of NRTs. Additionally, beliefs about the harmfulness of NRTs were influenced by both individual and conjoint factors.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Letter
Substance Abuse
James D. Sargent, Kathryn C. Edwards, Jennifer Emond, Susanne Tanski, Kristie A. Taylor, John P. Pierce, Maciej L. Goniewicz, Raymond Niaura, Gabriella Anic, Yanling Chen, Priscilla Callahan-Lyon, Lisa D. Gardner, Theresa Thekkudan, Nicolette Borek, Heather L. Kimmel, K. Michael Cummings, Andrew Hyland, Mary Brunette
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Substance Abuse
David T. Levy, Frances Thirlway, David Sweanor, Alex Liber, Luz Maria Sanchez-Romero, Rafael Meza, Clifford E. Douglas, K. Michael Cummings
Summary: Some cigarette companies are considering replacing cigarettes with less harmful alternatives like nicotine vaping products, heated tobacco products, and oral nicotine delivery products. The behavior of cigarette companies in the United States is influenced by market competition. The growth of non-combustible nicotine delivery products has led to declining smoking prevalence and impact on cigarette company profits.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
M. Pienkowski, M. Chaiton, S. J. Bondy, J. E. Cohen, J. Dubray, T. Eissenberg, P. Kaufman, M. B. Stanbrook, J. O'loughlin, J. Dos Santos, R. Schwartz
Summary: This study examines the development of dependence among e-cigarette users and compares the differences between smokers and non-smokers. The results show that many e-cigarette users develop symptoms of dependence within two to five years since starting vaping. Non-smokers may be at higher risk of becoming e-cigarette dependent, as they reached dependence milestones faster than smokers.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)
Article
Substance Abuse
Cassandra A. Stanton, Zhiqun Tang, Eva Sharma, Elizabeth Seaman, Lisa D. Gardner, Marushka L. Silveira, Dorothy Hatsukami, Hannah R. Day, K. Michael Cummings, Maciej L. Goniewicz, Jean Limpert, Colm Everard, Maansi Bansal-Travers, Bridget Ambrose, Heather L. Kimmel, Nicolette Borek, Wilson M. Compton, Andrew J. Hyland, Jennifer L. Pearson
Summary: This study examines the predictors of cigarette and e-cigarette use trajectories among US adolescents transitioning into young adulthood. The results show that mental health problems, other tobacco use, marijuana use, and poorer academic achievement are shared predictors of class membership for cigarette and e-cigarette use trajectories. Male sex and household tobacco use are unique predictors for e-cigarette use trajectories.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
David R. Strong, John P. Pierce, Martha White, Matthew D. Stone, David B. Abrams, Allison M. Glasser, Olivia A. Wackowski, K. Michael Cummings, Andrew Hyland, Kristie Taylor, Kathryn C. Edwards, Marushka L. Silveira, Heather L. Kimmel, Elizabeth Y. Lambert, Wilson M. Compton, Lynn C. Hull, Raymond Niaura
Summary: This study found that the level of tobacco dependence among most US tobacco product users remained stable over time, except for e-cigarette-only users. For cigarette-only smokers, switching to another product or not using any tobacco product was associated with lower levels of dependence. Not using any tobacco product was consistently associated with lower dependence for all other product users.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Jonathan A. Schulz, Sean D. Regnier, Tyler G. Erath, Lindsey C. Mullis, Austin Nugent, Gary S. Atwood, Andrea C. Villanti
Summary: People with disabilities have a higher prevalence of smoking, but there is limited knowledge about cessation interventions tailored for them. This study conducted a systematic review and found two promising interventions using mindfulness-based procedures in adults with mild intellectual disability. However, the interventions did not address the unique needs of people with disabilities.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Chengjia Zhao, Jiankang He, Huihui Xu, Jingjing Zhang, Guohua Zhang, Guoliang Yu
Summary: Sleep is important, but staying up late has become a problem, especially among university students. Previous studies have found a connection between sleep procrastination, sleep biorhythms, and problematic smartphone use (PSU). This two-wave study explored the reciprocal relationship between PSU and sleep procrastination, while also considering the moderating role of sleep biorhythms. The results revealed a reciprocal relationship between PSU and sleep procrastination, with sleep biorhythms moderating this relationship.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Liat Orenstein, Angela Chetrit, Ofra Kalter-Leibovici
Summary: Despite the availability of subsidized smoking cessation services in Israel, social disparities in smoking cessation rates persist. Efforts should focus on reaching subpopulations with low cessation rates and using tailored strategies for successful smoking cessation. Prioritizing smoke-free homes and workplaces is also important.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Yijing Zhang, Jun Li, Mengmeng Zhang, Bote Ai, Fenglin Jia
Summary: This meta-analytic review provides the first estimation of the overall bidirectional longitudinal associations between loneliness and problematic Internet use (PIU). The study finds a positive relationship from loneliness to PIU, as well as from PIU to loneliness. Additionally, the study reveals that this relationship is stronger in Eastern countries, with more males, more young adults, and in more recent years.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Aslesha Sumbe, Robert Suchting, Baojiang Chen, Anna V. Wilkinson, Bara Bataineh, Stephanie L. Clendennen, Melissa B. Harrell
Summary: The study examined the metacognitive traits of adolescent and young adult e-cigarette users and the ability of the Metacognitions about Smoking Questionnaire (MSQ) to predict past 30-day e-cigarette use frequency. The results showed a correlation between metacognitive factors and e-cigarette use behavior, with different factors having different predictive abilities for e-cigarette use frequency.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Erynn Christensen, Lucy Albertella, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Maja Brydevall, Chao Suo, Jon E. Grant, Murat Yucel, Rico Sze Chun Lee
Summary: This study evaluated the neurocognitive correlates of problem alcohol use and three non-substance-related addictive behaviors using a large community sample. The results showed differential associations between neurocognition and each addictive behavior, highlighting the need for a more nuanced understanding of non-substance addiction.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sophie G. Coelho, Matthew T. Keough, Sunghwan Yi, Daniel S. Mcgrath, Hyoun S. Kim
Summary: This study examined the effectiveness of self-regulation strategies in reducing harms associated with in-play sports betting. The results showed that setting monetary limits was effective in reducing financial, interpersonal, and health harms. However, setting time limits was found to increase spending and overall harms. These findings support the applicability of select self-regulation strategies from traditional forms of gambling to in-play betting, and highlight the need for further research on responsible gambling strategies.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Jiayu Li, Yuhong Zhou, Yang Liu, Zhixiang Yu, Xuemei Gao
Summary: This longitudinal study used a person-centered approach to differentiate fear of missing out (FoMO) among subgroups of individuals using latent profile analysis (LPA). The results showed significant differences between profiles in terms of social media engagement, social media self-control failure, and problematic social media use, and high trait-FoMO and high state-FoMO may be important risk factors for social media self-control failure and problematic social media use.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Marc L. Steinberg, Rachel L. Rosen, Ollie Ganz, Olivia A. Wackowski, Michelle Jeong, Cristine D. Delnevo
Summary: Although smoking rates have declined, especially among individuals with mental health concerns, effective messaging that emphasizes the benefits of quitting on mental health is still important. This study shows that focusing on the mental health benefits of quitting smoking can increase motivation to quit among individuals with a history of anxiety and/or depression.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Chrystyna D. Kouros, Lauren M. Papp
Summary: This study aimed to examine the associations between trajectories of prescription drug misuse (PDM) problems and college students' mental health and subjective happiness. The findings indicated that PDM problems were related to depressive symptoms, disinhibition, callousness/aggression, and lower levels of subjective happiness. However, these associations were no longer statistically significant when controlling for alcohol and other drug problems.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Benjamin A. Cristol, Stephanie L. Clendennen, Emily T. Hebert, Melissa B. Harrell
Summary: This study compared symptoms of nicotine dependence among young adults who were exclusive past 30-day (P30D) users of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) versus exclusive P30D cigarette smokers. The results showed that young adults who used ENDS exhibited higher levels of nicotine dependence symptoms compared to cigarette smokers.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Hyoun S. Kim, Nassim Tabri, David C. Hodgins
Summary: This study examines the co-occurring patterns of problem gambling and addiction severity over a five-year period and predicts the factors influencing these patterns. The results suggest that in a non-clinical sample, problem gambling and other addictive behaviors are likely to decrease simultaneously over time, and mental health disorders significantly influence these co-occurring patterns.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Katherine Walukevich-Dienst, Brian H. Calhoun, Scott Graupensperger, Megan E. Patrick, Christine M. Lee
Summary: This study aims to examine the factors associated with morning cannabis use among young adults. It found that social anxiety motives, cannabis use frequency, and gender were key predictors of morning cannabis use.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Derrick S. Lee, Alayna P. Tackett, Christine Naya, Alyssa F. Harlow, Tyler B. Mason
Summary: This study examined the associations between empirically-generated body mass index (BMI) trajectories and the risk of current use of combustible cigarettes and e-cigarettes among adolescents. The findings showed that overweight and obese adolescents were more likely to use combustible cigarettes and e-cigarettes compared to those with normal weight trajectories. Additionally, adolescents with fluctuating BMI trajectories were associated with higher weight control beliefs. These results highlight the importance of considering weight trajectories and weight control beliefs in understanding tobacco product use among adolescents.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Cora von Hammerstein, Joel Billieux
Summary: Chemsex refers to the intentional use of substances in sexualized settings among men who have sex with men. It is a growing public health issue with estimated prevalence rates of 3% to 29% in this population. Chemsex poses risks such as HIV and STI exposure, addiction, cardiovascular problems, and mental health issues. However, there is a research gap in this area, and existing theoretical concepts and therapeutic strategies for addictions and risky sexual behaviors may not be applicable to chemsex due to its unique characteristics and impact on stigmatized minorities.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)