Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Pei-Jiang Wang, Francesca Berti, Luca Antonini, Farhad Rikhtegar Nezami, Lorenza Petrini, Francesco Migliavacca, Elazer R. Edelman
Summary: Research has shown that scaffold behavior in the mechanical environment of vessels is affected by multiple loading environments, requiring consideration of different loading modes during benchtop tests to accurately predict locations of structural failures. Ignoring multiple loading environments can lead to undetected design defects, calling for a redefining of consensus evaluation strategies for scaffold performance.
ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tianhao Wang, Lei Li, Madhusudhan R. Pallaka, Hrishikesh Das, Scott Whalen, Ayoub Soulami, Piyush Upadhyay, Keerti S. Kappagantula
Summary: Friction Stir Interlocking (FSI) is a process used for joining dissimilar materials with different properties by combining friction stir welding with mechanical interlocking using a third body interlock. Through microstructural characterization and lap shear tensile testing, it was found that FSI joints effectively joined carbon fiber reinforced polymer and AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets. Finite element analysis was conducted to simulate different FSI configurations, with simulation results showing good agreements with experimental data in terms of load-displacement curves and fracture paths of CFRP.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Dario Carbonaro, Agnese Lucchetti, Alberto L. Audenino, Thomas Gries, Ted J. Vaughan, Claudio Chiastra
Summary: This study proposes a computational optimization procedure to enhance the mechanical performance of bioresorbable braided stents for the treatment of critical limb ischemia. Finite element analyses were performed to investigate the impact of design parameters on the stent's mechanical performance. The optimization framework successfully identified optimal design candidates and contributes to the advancement of innovative bioresorbable braided stents.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Khyati Dave, Zaheri Mahmud, Vincent G. Gomes
Summary: This study explores the enhancement of cellular adhesion, growth, proliferation, differentiation, and migration on polymer-based scaffolds by fabricating biocompatible scaffolds with quantum nanoparticle additives and surface functionalization. The results show that plasma treatment increases cellular proliferation, and carbon dots introduce nanoscale roughness on the scaffolds. The plasma-treated PLA-CD composite has the potential to produce high-performance scaffolds for tissue engineering.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Ryoma Aoki, Ryo Higuchi, Tomohiro Yokozeki, Kazuyuki Aoki, Shigekazu Uchiyama, Toshio Ogasawara
Summary: The study focuses on the damage evolution of thin-ply composites and proposes a mechanics model that considers diffuse and discrete interply damage. Loading and unloading tests were conducted to evaluate the influence of ply thickness on damage evolution, resulting in formulated damage evolution laws dependent on ply thickness. The proposed model successfully captures the retardation and suppression effects of thin-ply, and accurately predicts stiffness degradation and failure strength of laminates with different ply thicknesses.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Mitchell Page, Peter E. Linde, Christian M. Puttlitz
Summary: The study developed a finite element model of a TE scaffold unit cell to predict the cellular micromechanical environment (CME) and cell fates under prescribed loading. By characterizing the compressible hyperelastic mechanics of a fibrin hydrogel, it provided a tool for characterizing CME in future studies.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Shuai Li, Gao Li, Xu Lian, Jiqiang Hu, Menglei Li, Bing Wang, Yajun Zou, Zhengong Zhou
Summary: Polyetheretherketone/hydroxyapatite scaffold (PEEK/HA-S) with integrated structure was prepared using aluminum wire 3D braiding-powder filling-heat press-alkaline solution corrosion method. It exhibited superior mechanical properties and was beneficial for bone restorations due to its matched elastic modulus to cortical bone and excellent biocompatibility.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Claudia Paredes, Francisco J. Martinez-Vazquez, Hamada Elsayed, Paolo Colombo, Antonia Pajares, Pedro Miranda
Summary: Hybrid scaffolds were fabricated using Digital Light Processing to create a three-dimensional network of hollow struts made of beta-tricalcium phosphate with cores filled with polycaprolactone. The compressive strength and toughness of the scaffolds were enhanced after infiltration, with further analysis conducted on the effect of core diameter on mechanical performance. Finite element analysis was also utilized to study the impact of core/shell diameters and the core material's modulus on the strength of the hybrid structure.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Rajan Choudhary, Inna Bulygina, Vladislav Lvov, Anna Zimina, Sergey Zhirnov, Evgeny Kolesnikov, Denis Leybo, Natalya Anisimova, Mikhail Kiselevskiy, Maria Kirsanova, Fedor Senatov
Summary: The present study aimed to investigate the synergistic response of bioresorbable polylactide/bioactive wollastonite scaffolds towards mechanical stability, mesenchymal stromal cell colonization, and antibacterial activity in a physiological environment. It was found that the addition of wollastonite improved cell attachment and reduced bacterial attachment, enhancing the biological fixation of the scaffold.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Alok Srivastava, Naresh Bhatnagar
Summary: A new bioresorbable radiopaque material (BRM) was developed for medical diagnosis. The BRM was composed of a magnesium matrix alloyed with zinc and yttrium, and blended with biodegradable poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) to form a bio-composite. The BRM showed good X-ray transparency and biodegradability.
JOURNAL OF MAGNESIUM AND ALLOYS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Brittany N. Allen, Rion J. Wendland, Jacob D. Thompson, Budd A. Tucker, Kristan S. Worthington
Summary: Engineered scaffolds are widely used in cellular transplantations for tissue engineering applications. Photopolymerization is a precise fabrication technique that allows for control of properties and structure. In this study, photopolymerization was used to generate degradable PCLTA scaffolds, and the impact of photopolymerization parameters on scaffold properties and cell loading capacity was examined.
ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Anirudh Udupa, A. S. Vandana, Mojib Saei, Deepika Gupta, James B. Mann, Koushik Viswanathan, Narayan K. Sundaram
Summary: Experimental investigations of large strain deformation processes such as cutting and sliding have shown that these processes exhibit complex plastic flows, with sinuous flow being a common mode. Sinuous flow involves unsteady local deformation in the form of repeated material folding, and it is prevalent in different deformation configurations and material systems, causing deleterious effects. Methods for disrupting sinuous flow using surface coatings and kinematic constraints have been demonstrated, with implications for our general understanding of machining processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MACHINE TOOLS & MANUFACTURE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
R. Baptista, M. F. C. Pereira, A. Mauricio, D. Rechena, V. Infante, M. Guedes
Summary: This study experimentally and numerically characterized 3D-printed PLA scaffolds with different porosity values and geometries, demonstrating a correlation between compressive modulus and open porosity with porosity and geometry. The use of fused filament fabrication was shown to produce scaffolds with desired porosity and interconnected pores, confirming its viability as a manufacturing technique for trabecular bone replacement.
BIO-DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jinhang Wu, Ching Tai Ng, Han Fang
Summary: This paper assesses the capability of ultrasonic guided wave (GW) technique in detecting different sizes of internal damages in structural timber, and the robustness of the technique is demonstrated through experimental and numerical studies.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dorota Pawlus
Summary: The paper investigates the response of a three-layered annular plate with different damaged laminate facings to static or dynamic temperature fields, highlighting the practical significance of analysis in failure diagnostic processes. The thermal sensitivity of two kinds of plate structures offers new practical and scientific possibilities in evaluating plate behavior, with results showing relationships between macro-damage and micro-damages under temperature gradients. Numerical solutions are proposed as the most effective in examining various transversally symmetrical and asymmetrical plate structures with different damage rates, providing practical importance in evaluating structural capacity and complementing previous investigations on the effect of laminate degradation on plate buckling phenomena in thermal environments.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Francesca Danielli, Francesca Berti, Adelaide Nespoli, Martina Colombo, Tomaso Villa, Luigi La Barbera, Lorenza Petrini
Summary: Additive manufacturing (AM) is a promising technology for personalized medicine, especially in orthopedics. This study proposes a well-structured pipeline for designing and verifying custom AM prostheses, using the example of talus resurfacing in the ankle joint. The unique features of AM orthopedic implants will be characterized through finite element analyses and experiments.
JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Sara Bridio, Giulia Luraghi, Francesco Migliavacca, Sanjay Pant, Alberto Garcia-Gonzalez, Jose F. Rodriguez Matas
Summary: This study proposes a low-dimensional surrogate model to estimate the evolution of maximum first principal strain in thrombus during the mechanical thrombectomy procedure. The surrogate model was built using a parametric finite-element model and validated with experimental simulations. The results show that the model provides highly correlated predictions with the actual strain curves and has a maximum error of 28% with an error below 20% in 60% of the test cases. The surrogate model is a valuable tool for assessing the risk of thrombus rupture during pre-operative planning for acute ischemic stroke treatment.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Biophysics
Hamed Moradi, Akram Al-Hourani, Gianmarco Concilia, Farnaz Khoshmanesh, Farhad R. Nezami, Scott Needham, Sara Baratchi, Khashayar Khoshmanesh
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases are a major global health issue, but recent advances in technology, such as computational fluid dynamics, blood flow imaging, and wearable sensors, offer new opportunities for analysis and monitoring. This article explores the potential of machine learning, particularly deep learning methods, to overcome current limitations and improve disease detection and imaging resolution.
BIOPHYSICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Giulio Stefanini, Giulia Luraghi, Matteo Sturla, Francesco Migliavacca
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Amirhossein Farahani, Abbas Zarei-Hanzaki, Hamid Reza Abedi, Sara Daryoush, Zahra Delbari Ragheb, Fatemeh Mianabadi, Sahar Shahparvar, Mohammad Akrami, Ebrahim Mostafavi, Hamideh Khanbareh, Farhad R. Nezami
Summary: As an FDA-approved biopolymer, silk has unique properties that make it suitable for various applications, including sensors, actuators, and drug delivery systems. Understanding its potential uses is important because of its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and piezoelectricity. This article explores the use of silk fibroin in tissue engineering, biosensors, and electro-active wearable bioelectronic applications. It also discusses strategies for improving its hydrophobicity, electrical conductivity, and mechanical properties, particularly in tissue engineering applications.
JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Felix Goetzinger, Lucas Lauder, Andrew S. P. Sharp, Irene M. Lang, Stephan Rosenkranz, Stavros Konstantinides, Elazer R. R. Edelman, Michael Boehm, Wissam Jaber, Felix Mahfoud
Summary: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a major cause of in-hospital and cardiovascular death. The treatment of PE traditionally involved anticoagulation, thrombolysis, or surgery, but newer percutaneous interventional technologies have emerged for intermediate-high-risk or high-risk PE patients. This review discusses the pathophysiology of PE, assists with patient selection, and evaluates the clinical evidence for interventional, catheter-based approaches for PE treatment.
NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Francesca Berti, Alma Brambilla, Giancarlo Pennati, Lorenza Petrini
Summary: This review discusses the factors that can affect the outcome of fatigue analysis of Ni-Ti devices, both from experimental and numerical perspectives.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Anna Corti, Alistair Mcqueen, Francesco Migliavacca, Claudio Chiastra, Sean Mcginty
Summary: A novel multiscale agent-based modelling framework was developed to investigate in-stent restenosis (ISR) following drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. The framework combines a drug transport module with a tissue remodelling module to simulate drug efficacy and cellular dynamics. The studies demonstrated the versatility of the framework and its potential in addressing complex scenarios.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Ross Straughan, Karim Kadry, Sahil A. Parikh, Elazer R. Edelman, Farhad R. Nezami
Summary: Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, identifying unstable lesions in atherosclerotic coronary artery disease remains challenging. Researchers have developed an algorithmic approach to automatically create 3D finite element models from OCT images, accurately simulating the morphology and mechanical properties of lesions. This automated process allows for analysis of large clinical cohorts and enables in-silico methods for personalized diagnoses and treatment planning for coronary artery disease.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Francesca Berti, Lorenza Petrini
Summary: The implantation of self-expandable Ni-Ti stents is a well-established medical practice for treating peripheral diseases. However, there is an open issue regarding the fatigue characterization of these devices, as reported failures in clinics have occurred. One common method for calculating the fatigue limit of Ni-Ti involves using surrogate specimens with simplified geometries to replicate the strain distributions of the final device. This study investigates how different choices in model preparation, such as mesh refinement and element formulation, affect the output of fatigue analysis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
E. Ferdian, D. Marlevi, J. Schollenberger, M. Aristova, E. R. Edelman, S. Schnell, C. A. Figueroa, D. A. Nordsletten, A. A. Young
Summary: The development of cerebrovascular disease is closely related to changes in intracranial flow and pressure. We developed a two-step approach using a deep residual network and physics-informed image processing to non-invasively quantify cerebrovascular hemodynamics. Our method showed good accuracy in estimating velocity and flow, as well as quantifying functional relative pressures. Additionally, we successfully applied our method to in-vivo volunteers, generating high-resolution intracranial flow images and reducing low-resolution bias in pressure estimation.
MEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Alazne Moreno-Lanceta, Mireia Medrano-Bosch, Yilliam Fundora, Meritxell Perramon, Jessica Aspas, Marina Parra-Robert, Sheila Baena, Constantino Fondevila, Elazer R. Edelman, Wladimiro Jimenez, Pedro Melgar-Lesmes
Summary: Hepatic inflammation is a common trigger of chronic liver disease, and macrophage activation is a predictive parameter for survival in patients with cirrhosis. This study investigates the involvement of macrophage RNF41 in liver cirrhosis, revealing its down-regulation and the therapeutic effect of its restoration in fibrotic mice.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Tim J. Mandigers, Anna Ramella, Daniele Bissacco, Maurizio Domanin, Joost A. van Herwaarden, Giulia Luraghi, Francesco Migliavacca, Santi Trimarchi
Summary: This study presents a numerical simulation methodology for thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and demonstrates its application in a case of an 82-year-old female patient. The simulation successfully predicted perioperative adverse events and postoperative technical results, highlighting the potential and reliability of this simulation method.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY CASES INNOVATIONS AND TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna Corti, Francesco Migliavacca, Scott A. Berceli, Claudio Chiastra
Summary: This study investigates the long-term arterial wall remodelling one year post-operation in stented superficial femoral arteries (SFAs) using multiscale computational agent-based modelling. The model successfully captures the initial reduction in lumen area and subsequent stabilization of lumen area, demonstrating the potential of this approach for studying patient-specific responses to endovascular interventions.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
(2023)