Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tanya Ralli, Yub Raj Neupane, Zoya Saifi, Kanchan Kohli
Summary: NAFLD is a major cause of death related to liver diseases worldwide, but there is currently no specific treatment approved for the disease. A novel formulation containing prebiotic with probiotics is proposed to help maintain gut homeostasis and potentially be used for the treatment of NAFLD. This approach aims to increase butyrate concentration in the gut, inhibit intestinal inflammation, and protect the liver via a dual mechanism of prebiotic and hepatoprotective dietary fiber.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Mikayla A. Borton, Michael Shaffer, David W. Hoyt, Ruisheng Jiang, Jared B. Ellenbogen, Samuel Purvine, Carrie D. Nicora, Elizabeth K. Eder, Allison R. Wong, A. George Smulian, Mary S. Lipton, Joseph A. Krzycki, Kelly C. Wrighton
Summary: This study created the Methylated Amine Gene Inventory of Catabolism database (MAGICdb) to identify microorganisms and their gene content that control trimethylamine-induced cardiovascular disease. It showed that MAGICdb enhanced the recovery of disease-relevant genes and predicted cardiovascular disease status effectively. This functional microbiome catalog can enable the development of microbiota-based therapeutics and diagnostics.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Manorama Kumari, Parul Singh, Basavaprabhu H. Nataraj, Anusha Kokkiligadda, Harshita Naithani, Syed Azmal Ali, Pradip. Behare, Ravinder Nagpal
Summary: Emerging evidence and understanding of the microbiome have identified beneficial commensals known as next-generation probiotics. Specific dietary interventions can modulate the abundance and activity of these beneficial bacteria in the gut, and combining specific probiotic-targeted diets can enhance their effectiveness.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Liqiong Xia, Ran Li, Ting Tao, Ruimin Zhong, Haifang Du, Ziling Liao, Zhanghua Sun, Changqiong Xu
Summary: This study investigated the effects of Litsea cubeba essential oil on bacterial-induced intestinal inflammation and gut microbiota. The essential oil showed protective effects on the colon tissue and reduced inflammatory cytokine levels. It also had a significant impact on the gut microbiota composition.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Haiming Chen, Yi Ma, Zheng Liu, Jiawei Li, Xiao Li, Fan Yang, Mantang Qiu
Summary: Dysbiosis of the human microbiome has been linked to various cancers, with differential microbiome composition potentially serving as novel biomarkers for cancer detection and immunotherapy success. Furthermore, circulating microbiome DNA alterations have shown promise as noninvasive biomarkers for cancer detection, with distinct bacterial DNA able to differentiate cancer patients from healthy individuals.
Article
Microbiology
Rekha Kumari, Yasha Yadav, Richa Misra, Utpal Das, Upasana Das Adhikari, Pushkar Malakar, Gyanendra P. Dubey
Summary: Antibiotics are becoming less effective due to the emergence of multiple drug resistance in bacteria. The human gut microbiome can develop resistant microbes from indiscriminate use of antibiotics. Transmission of resistant genes between different bacteria in the microbiome communities occurs frequently. Various factors, such as exposure time, antibiotic type, and individual characteristics, can modulate the adverse effects of antibiotics on the gut microbiome. Current research methods are uncovering the interaction between antibiotics and the microbiome, as well as identifying resistant genes.
MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jianjun Liu, Jiayi Sun, Jiangkun Yu, Hang Chen, Dan Zhang, Tao Zhang, Yicheng Ma, Chenggang Zou, Zhigang Zhang, Lanqing Ma, Xue Yu
Summary: This study aimed to explore the potential role of gut microbiota in the treatment of OCA in NAFLD mice induced by HFD. The results showed that OCA can regulate host bile acids by altering gut microbiota composition, effectively alleviating NAFLD-related manifestations and restoring liver function impaired by HFD.
NPJ BIOFILMS AND MICROBIOMES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Duygu Altinok Dindar, Brie Chun, Amy Palma, John Cheney, Madeline Krieger, Kristin Kasschau, Keaton Stagaman, Zahi I. Mitri, Shaun M. Goodyear, Jackilen Shannon, Lisa Karstens, Thomas Sharpton, Zhenzhen Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between the gut microbiome, dietary habits, and breast cancer risk. The gut microbiome composition was found to be different between breast cancer patients and controls, with reduced diversity in patients. Specific microbial genera were associated with distinct dietary patterns. The study highlights the complex interplay between the gut microbiome, diet, and breast cancer risk.
Review
Microbiology
Shuli Chou, Shiqing Zhang, Huating Guo, Yung-fu Chang, Wenjing Zhao, Xiangyu Mou
Summary: The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in host health, but certain pathobionts in the host may contribute to disease progression. The side effects of traditional antibiotic treatment have created a need for more targeted antimicrobial agents to modulate the gut microbiome. This review covers narrow-spectrum antibiotics produced by plants and microorganisms, as well as targeted antibiotic agents such as synthetic peptides, phage, and drug delivery systems, with the aim of using them as potential tools to modulate the gut microbiome for beneficial effects on host health.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Saba Miri, JuDong Yeo, Sarah Abubaker, Riadh Hammami
Summary: The gut microbiome, influenced by diet, xenobiotics, genetics, and other environmental factors, acts as a metabolic interactome that affects the host's nutrient absorption, metabolism, and immune system. It also produces a variety of neuroactive metabolites that can impact brain function and cognition. The correlation between the gut microbiome and the central nervous system has sparked a new field of research called neuromicrobiology. Although microbiome-targeted interventions are seen as promising treatments, the mechanisms underlying host-microbiome interactions need further exploration to inform evidence-based therapeutic applications.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Shabir Ahmad Bhat, Rajandeep Kaur, Anshika Chauhan, Arnab Pal
Summary: Understanding host-microbiome interactions is crucial for improving human health. The microbiome's dynamic behavior modulates immune response and inflammation, leading to heterogeneity in cancer treatment response. This knowledge opens up a new era of personalized medicine.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tejinder Pal Singh, Saurabh Kadyan, Harisha Devi, Gwoncheol Park, Ravinder Nagpal
Summary: The gut plays a significant role in regulating the physiology of various organs in the body, including the liver. The communication between the gut and liver is bidirectional, with gut-derived products being transported to the liver through the portal vein, triggering responses from the liver. Maintaining a healthy gut microbiome is crucial for the homeostasis of the gut-liver axis, while disturbances in this axis can lead to liver disorders. This article discusses the functional characteristics of a healthy gut-liver axis and explores the role of gut dysbiosis in liver diseases, as well as potential therapeutic approaches.
Article
Microbiology
Florencia Velez-Cortes, Harris Wang
Summary: Bacterially secreted proteins are crucial for the functioning of bacterial cells and communities. In this study, a computational pipeline was used to predict and analyze the bacterial metasecretome of the human gut, revealing the presence of diverse families of secreted carbohydrate-active enzymes and their distribution across taxonomic groups. By mapping secreted proteins to metagenomic data from endoscopic sampling of the human gastrointestinal tract, specific regions were identified where resident microbes secrete glycosidases. The comprehensive analysis of the metasecretome provides valuable insights for microbiome research and understanding the impact of gut bacteria on human health.
Review
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Junlie Yao, Chenyang Yao, Aoran Zhang, Xiawei Xu, Aiguo Wu, Fang Yang
Summary: Mechanical forces have a significant impact on cell fate regulation, leading to the rapid development and popularization of mechanobiology. Magnetic fields in combination with intelligent materials featuring magnetic responsiveness have emerged as a spatially and time-controlled transducing paradigm to generate magnetomechanical forces and induce therapeutic effects. Recent advancements in magnetic materials and magnetic regulation systems provide opportunities for precise manipulation of magnetomechanical forces. Potential applications of magnetomechanical force, including drug controlled release, cancer therapy, and regenerative medicine, are highlighted in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the scientific limitations and directions for the further development of magnetomechanical force are discussed.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Betul Gok Yavuz, Saumil Datar, Shadi Chamseddine, Yehia I. Mohamed, Michael LaPelusa, Sunyoung S. Lee, Zishuo Ian Hu, Eugene J. Koay, Hop S. Tran Cao, Prasun Kumar Jalal, Carrie Daniel-MacDougall, Manal Hassan, Dan G. Duda, Hesham M. Amin, Ahmed O. Kaseb
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer, and the gut microbiome may play a role in its detection and treatment, particularly in immunotherapy. This review examines the gut microbiome's potential as a biomarker for HCC and its impact on immunotherapy. It also discusses the bidirectional interactions between the gut and liver and the role of gut microbiota in cancer treatment.
