Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Christine Mary Hallinan, Jane Maree Gunn, Yvonne Ann Bonomo
Summary: The research shows that medicinal cannabis is seen as a pharmaceutical innovation by many informants. Factors facilitating the diffusion of medicinal cannabis into clinical practice include appropriate regulation, data evaluation for safety and efficacy, improved prescriber education, and ongoing monitoring of product quality and cost. The lack of necessary health system antecedents was identified as a barrier to the widespread assimilation of medicinal cannabis into practice.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
T. J. Clark, Mark Hebblewhite
Summary: Predator removal experiments have shown a 13% increase in ungulate demographic responses, particularly in young individuals, but the effects on adult survival and abundance are less clear. Experimental design factors play a role in the uncertainty of ungulate responses to predator removal, and there is evidence of publication bias favoring studies with positive results. More rigorous experimental practices are recommended, especially for endangered species where predator removal may have a more significant impact.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
L. Mark Elbroch, Adrian Treves
Summary: Human-carnivore conflict is still characterized by lethal control, even while some evidence suggests that carnivore removal may not affect the likelihood of future livestock predation, or that it may even exacerbate the problem. Here we propose five non-exclusive, and likely additive, hypotheses for why lethal removals could fail to mitigate livestock-carnivore conflict. We also propose a methodological change in the scale of conflict analyses from populations to smaller social networks, and encourage public education that includes discussions about the potential consequences for communities with livestock following the killing of carnivores, in addition to broader outreach about both the costs and benefits of living with carnivores.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Maria K. Ovegard, Niels Jepsen, Mikaela Bergenius Nord, Erik Petersson
Summary: This paper presents the results of the first meta-analysis examining the impact of cormorant predation on fish populations. While there is extensive research on cormorant diet, few studies use statistical hypotheses testing to analyze the effects on fish populations. The meta-analysis shows a complex interaction between cormorants and fish, emphasizing the importance of considering cormorant predatory effects in conservation efforts and environmental monitoring.
FISH AND FISHERIES
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Laszlo Kover, Petra Paladi, Isma Benmazouz, Andrej Sorgo, Natalija Spur, Lajos Juhasz, Peter Czine, Peter Balogh, Szabolcs Lengyel
Summary: This study surveyed the attitude of people in Hungary towards hooded crows and their management, revealing that most people believe high crow numbers can cause problems but are unsure how to address it. The majority support non-invasive control methods and believe management should be carried out by professionals.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Lily Popova Zhuhadar, Allie Mccreary, Miltiadis D. Lytras, Maria Wells
Summary: Millions of acres of public lands in the U.S. are facing threats from invasive species and wildfires, endangering ecosystems, wildlife habitats, recreational resources, and community safety. AmeriCorps members play a crucial role in managing these lands effectively, mitigating invasive species and wildfire risks. A study evaluating the impact of AmeriCorps members on invasive species and wildfire fuel loads revealed positive results in native species cover and improvements in treated areas.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
David W. Macdonald
Summary: This article explores the negative impact of human activities on the welfare of wild animals, how to mitigate these impacts, and the need for further research. It also discusses the relationship between animal welfare and biodiversity conservation.
Editorial Material
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Allen T. Rutberg, John W. Turner, Karen Herman
Summary: The ethical foundation for the management of free-roaming horses and burros is unclear, leading to debates focused on practicality. To ensure the long-term health and ethical treatment of these animals, as well as the lands and wildlife they share, a care-based approach needs to replace the resource-use model.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Almudena Filgueira-Vizoso, Laura Castro-Santos, Ana Isabel Garcia-Diez, Felix Puime Guillen, Maria Isabel Lamas-Galdo, Manuel Angel Grana-Lopez
Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has brought significant changes to education, with the closure of schools and shift to virtual teaching. While this reduces the risk of contagion, it also limits social interactions, especially for children and adolescents who are still developing social skills. In the region of Galicia, Spain, where schools remained open with strict security protocols, the incidence of infections and outbreaks related to educational centers has been low, suggesting that the measure of school closures may not be proportionate.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chengchao Wang, Benxiang Zeng, Xianqiang Song, Dongshen Luo, Tingting Lin
Summary: Wild boar poses a serious threat to agricultural production and rural livelihoods around the world. The impact of the human-wild boar conflict was investigated in a case study conducted in Fu'an City, Fujian Province, Southeast China. The study found that wild boars had a significant overall impact on livelihoods, but the extent of the impact varied depending on certain factors such as the scale of agricultural output value and the dependency on vulnerable crops. Different impacts led to different countermeasures adopted by rural households. Economic losses caused by wild boars determined the selection of prevention measures, with households experiencing greater losses tending to adopt more costly and effective measures such as fencing and human guarding. Recommendations were made to address the human-wild boar conflicts in China.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alicia C. Salinero, Simey Emerson, Tayla C. Cormier, John Yin, Randall H. Morse, M. Joan Curcio
Summary: The Ty1 retrotransposon family is maintained in a functional but dormant state by the host, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Two classes of genes, one independent of U3 and the other only regulated by the U3 promoter, were identified in the study of Ty1 retrotransposon regulation. These findings highlight the importance of the Ty1 promoter in integrating signals from host factors to modulate Ty1 retrotransposon activity.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Information Science & Library Science
Zhi Li, Jiuchang Wei, Dora Vasileva Marinova, Jingjing Tian
Summary: This study illustrates that corporate unrelated diversification can serve as a buffer in protecting firm value under a crisis situation, especially when corporate transparency is high. It also suggests that firms should strengthen information communication with stakeholders to break down cross-industry knowledge barriers and reduce perceptions of corporate tacit knowledge deficiency to better handle crises.
JOURNAL OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Zoology
Yong Yuen Zhao, Anna Wong, Sylvia Alsisto, Ikki Matsuda, Henry Bernard
Summary: This study examined human-macaque interactions and conflicts at a university campus in Malaysia. The results showed that the macaques primarily consumed natural food sources, but also relied on anthropogenic food discarded by students. The availability of anthropogenic food positively influenced the macaques' consumption, particularly during semesters when students were present. To mitigate conflicts, the study suggests implementing macaque-proof garbage cans, reducing leftover anthropogenic food, and improving waste management practices.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Danielle Louisa Hinchcliffe, Robert J. Young, Camila P. Teixeira
Summary: This study investigates the challenges faced by urban birds in a neotropical city in Brazil, focusing on the responses made to callouts by the environmental police. The findings suggest that urban birds, especially birds of prey, are of significant concern during the wet season, which coincides with peak breeding times for endemic Brazilian avifauna. Most callouts resulted in birds being forwarded to government-managed institutes, while only a small number were released into forested areas within the city. The study highlights the need for better informed species management in neotropical cities.
Article
Agronomy
Charles Benbrook, Susan Kegley, Brian Baker
Summary: Organic agriculture relies on prevention and natural processes to control pests with limited pesticide use, lowering the risk of pesticide exposure. Biopesticides are commonly used in organic production, significantly reducing the risks associated with pesticide dietary exposure, especially in fruits and vegetables.
