Article
Neurosciences
Mario F. Juruena, Martha Bourne, Allan H. Young, Anthony J. Cleare
Summary: Evidence suggests that early life stress can disrupt the functioning of the HPA axis, leading to potential mental health disorders in adulthood. Dysregulation in hormone binding to receptors crucial for maintaining homeostasis may result in illness. The response of the HPA axis to stress plays a critical role in an individual's vulnerability to diseases related to psychological stress.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lisa L. Koorneef, Merel van der Meulen, Sander Kooijman, Elena Sanchez-Lopez, Jari F. Scheerstra, Maaike C. Voorhoeve, Ajith N. Nadamuni Ramesh, Patrick C. N. Rensen, Martin Giera, Jan Kroon, Onno C. Meijer
Summary: Add-on treatment with corticosterone can partially attenuate the metabolic effects of synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone, while exacerbating other effects.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Paulina Kober, Natalia Rusetska, Beata J. Mossakowska, Maria Maksymowicz, Monika Pekul, Grzegorz Zielinski, Andrzej Styk, Jacek Kunicki, Lukasz Dzialach, Przemyslaw Witek, Mateusz Bujko
Summary: Pituitary neuroendocrine corticotroph tumors commonly cause Cushing's disease (CD) due to increased ACTH secretion. However, some corticotroph tumors remain clinically non-functioning. Cortisol secretion is regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and glucocorticoids act through GR and MR receptors to reduce ACTH levels. This study aimed to determine the role of GR and MR expression in functioning and silent corticotroph tumors.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Toxicology
Kayke L. Barbosa, Raquel S. Dettogni, Charles S. da Costa, Eduardo L. Gastal, Lori T. Raetzman, Jodi A. Flaws, Jones B. Graceli
Summary: The HPG axis is crucial for reproductive function control, and exposure to TBT can lead to toxicity in the female reproductive axis components, affecting hypothalamic GnRH expression, folliculogenesis, steroidogenesis, and ovulation. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying the impairment caused by TBT in the HPG axis.
TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
You Lee Son, Takayoshi Ubuka, Kazuyoshi Tsutsui
Summary: Under stressful conditions, the GnIH neuropeptide may play a key role in regulating reproductive function. Different types and durations of stress can modulate the GnIH system, impacting the activity of the HPG axis. GnIH appears to be a potential novel mediator responsible for stress-induced reproductive dysfunction.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Agnes Martin, Josiane Castells, Valentine Allibert, Andrea Emerit, Cindy Zolotoff, Victoire Cardot-Ruffino, Yann S. Gallot, Barbara Vernus, Veronique Chauvet, Laurent Bartholin, Laurent Schaeffer, Anne-Cecile Durieux, Christophe Hourde, Francois B. Favier, Laetitia Mazelin, Damien Freyssenet
Summary: This study found that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-glucocorticoid pathway plays an important role in the transcriptional regulation of skeletal muscle catabolism and hepatic metabolism during cancer cachexia.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yue Leng, Li Ren, Shu Niu, Tiehua Zhang, Jie Zhang
Summary: The metabolites of plasticizers did not show direct effects on the glucocorticoid receptor, but they could synergistically activate the receptor in combination with dexamethasone. The study found that monobutyl phthalate (MBP) in combination with dexamethasone enhanced the expression of specific genes and proteins regulated by the glucocorticoid receptor. The interactions between MBP and the glucocorticoid receptor were influenced by the chemical properties of MBP, with hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions playing crucial roles in stabilizing the complex.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Carolina Gaudenzi, Karen R. Mifsud, Johannes M. H. M. Reul
Summary: The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is essential for appropriate brain responses under normal and stressful conditions, specifically in processes related to neuronal maintenance, neurogenesis, hormone regulation, and cognitive function. The high affinity of MR for glucocorticoid hormones suggests its involvement in tonic brain actions, but recent studies have also demonstrated its dynamic responses. However, the understanding of the structure and function of MR isoforms in humans, rats, and mice remains limited.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Arno Teblick, Sarah Vander Perre, Lies Pauwels, Sarah Derde, Tim Van Oudenhove, Lies Langouche, Greet van den Berghe
Summary: The study revealed significantly elevated plasma concentrations of POMC in sepsis patients from acute to prolonged illness, along with ACTH-cortisol dissociation. Similar findings were confirmed in a mouse model, with alterations in hypothalamic CRH and AVP, as well as adrenocortical structure and steroidogenic activity.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ahmed Torky, Ninet Sinaii, Smita Jha, Jay Desai, Diala El-Maouche, Ashwini Mallappa, Deborah P. Merke
Summary: Patients with CAH have a higher prevalence of obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, fasting hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia during childhood and adulthood compared to the general US population, indicating an early onset of metabolic morbidity in this population. Treatment-related and familial factors play a role in the development of these metabolic conditions.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel M. B. Bell, Elisa Villalobos, Mark Nixon, Allende Miguelez-Crespo, Lee Murphy, Angie Fawkes, Audrey Coutts, Matthew G. F. Sharp, Martha Koerner, Emma Allan, Onno C. Meijer, Rene Houtman, Alex Odermatt, Katharina R. Beck, Scott G. Denham, Patricia Lee, Natalie Z. M. Homer, Brian R. Walker, Ruth A. Morgan
Summary: Carbonyl reductase 1 regulates glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptor activation in adipose tissue, influencing glucose homeostasis in lean mice.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Mudan Cai, Hee Ra Park, Eun Jin Yang
Summary: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by overwhelming fear and anxiety after exposure to traumatic events. Disturbances in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis play a role in the development of mood disorders, including anxiety, PTSD, and major depressive disorders. The HPA axis regulates the immune system, fear memory, and neurotransmission. Currently, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the only approved drugs for PTSD treatment. However, SSRIs have limitations in terms of treatment duration and response rates, necessitating additional pharmacological interventions. Complementary and alternative medicine therapies can ameliorate HPA axis disturbances by regulating gut dysbiosis, insomnia, chronic stress, and depression.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gabriela P. Finkielstain, Ana Vieites, Ignacio Bergada, Rodolfo A. Rey
Summary: Disorders of Sex Development (DSD) refer to anomalies in fetal sexual differentiation resulting in discordance between chromosomal sex and gonadal or genitalia sex. DSD can be associated with adrenal disorders in both 46,XX and 46,XY individuals, with different pathogenic mechanisms. The pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management of these disorders are reviewed, focusing on biomarkers and therapeutic development.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paula Aldaz, Amaya Fernandez-Celis, Natalia Lopez-Andres, Imanol Arozarena
Summary: Dexamethasone (DEXA) is commonly used in glioblastoma (GBM) patients to reduce brain inflammation, activating the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) which can influence the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) signaling. MR signaling in GBM has been shown to have anti-proliferative effects and inhibit the self-renewal of GSCs, while spironolactone (SPI) may not have significant anti-neoplastic potential in GBM.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alberto Dinarello, Annachiara Tesoriere, Paolo Martini, Camilla Maria Fontana, Davide Volpato, Lorenzo Badenetti, Francesca Terrin, Nicola Facchinello, Chiara Romualdi, Oliana Carnevali, Luisa Dalla Valle, Francesco Argenton
Summary: In this study, zebrafish mutant lines and transgenic models were used to analyze the mechanism of action of glucocorticoids. The differences in gene expression patterns between different mutant lines revealed a complex network of GC-dependent transcription. The study also showed that the glucocorticoid receptor GR plays a crucial role in the transcriptional activity of Stat3, and both glucocorticoids and the mineralocorticoid receptor MR are necessary for the correct transcription of certain target genes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Tosha R. Kelly, Kenedi Lynch, Kaitlin E. Couvillion, Jaimie N. Gallagher, Keegan R. Stansberry, Melanie G. Kimball, Christine R. Lattin
Summary: This study investigated the role of glucocorticoid hormones in neophobia by administering the drug mitotane to wild-caught house sparrows. The results showed that reducing glucocorticoid levels significantly decreased the latency to feed in the presence of novel objects. These findings suggest that increased glucocorticoid levels may increase neophobia and impact an individual's ability to survive in human-altered environments.
HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Melanie G. Kimball, Eve B. Gautreaux, Kaitlin E. Couvillion, Tosha R. Kelly, Keegan R. Stansberry, Christine R. Lattin
Summary: Neophobia, the reluctance of animals to approach novel objects, try new foods, or explore unfamiliar environments, plays a crucial role in their ability to adapt to new environments and utilize new resources. This study investigates the neurobiological mechanisms underlying this personality trait by examining the expression of two immediate early genes (IEGs), ZENK and c-Fos, in captive house sparrows. The results show that house sparrows exhibit a bimodal distribution of neophobia behavior and individual responses to novel objects are highly consistent. While there were no differences in IEG expression between neophobic and non-neophobic birds, there were significant changes in protein expression in the medial ventral arcopallium and the caudal hippocampus in response to novel objects, suggesting their involvement in novelty detection and threat perception.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Melanie G. Kimball, Courtney T. Harding, Kaitlin E. Couvillion, Keegan R. Stansberry, Tosha R. Kelly, Christine R. Lattin
Summary: The presence of predators can influence the behavior and brain activity of female house sparrows, but the interaction with hormonal state is not well understood.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Melanie G. Kimball, Christine R. Lattin
Summary: This study investigates whether spatial neophobia is correlated with responses to novel object tests and found that time spent in a novel environment and time to first enter a novel environment are not correlated with an individual's average response to novel object tests, suggesting that these two tests may involve separate decision-making processes and functional circuits in the brain.
BEHAVIOURAL PROCESSES
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Zoology
Melanie Kimball, Courtney Harding, Kaitlin Couvillion, Keegan Stansberry, Tosha Kelly, Christine Lattin
INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Zoology
Melanie Kimball, Christine Lattin
INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Zoology
Keegan Stansberry, Kaitlin Couvillion, Tosha Kelly, Allison Cannon, Melanie Kimball, Christine Lattin
INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Zoology
Raedan Stephens, Keegan Stansberry, Christine Lattin
INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Zoology
Tosha Kelly, Keegan Stansberry, Melanie Kimball, Kenedi Lynch, Christine Lattin
INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Zoology
K. E. Couvillion, K. R. Stansberry, T. R. Kelly, A. L. Cannon, C. R. Lattin
INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Zoology
C. T. Harding, M. G. Kimball, K. R. Stansberry, T. R. Kelly, C. R. Lattin
INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Zoology
T. R. Kelly, K. R. Stansberry, M. G. Kimball, C. R. Lattin
INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Zoology
M. G. Kimball, S. G. Ebrahim, E. B. Gautreaux, T. R. Kelly, C. R. Lattin
INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Zoology
C. R. Lattin, M. G. Kimball, K. R. Stansberry, T. R. Kelly, M. W. Kelly, K. M. Johnson
INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
T. R. Kelly, A. E. Vinson, G. M. King, C. R. Lattin
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between behavioral traits (neophobia) and the cloacal microbiome in wild house sparrows. The results suggest that there is no strong link between the cloacal microbiome and neophobia in wild sparrows, but specific taxa may be associated with neophobic behavior.
INTEGRATIVE ORGANISMAL BIOLOGY
(2022)