Article
Oncology
Farhad Islami, Jordan Baeker Bispo, Hyunjung Lee, Daniel Wiese, K. Robin Yabroff, Priti Bandi, Kirsten Sloan, Alpa V. Patel, Elvan C. Daniels, Arif H. Kamal, Carmen E. Guerra, William L. Dahut, Ahmedin Jemal
Summary: The American Cancer Society has published a report on cancer disparities in the United States, highlighting the significant variations in cancer occurrence and outcomes based on race, ethnicity, socioeconomic factors, and geographic location. Black and American Indian/Alaska Native individuals face higher cancer mortality rates, and education level and residential area also contribute to these disparities. The report emphasizes the importance of addressing social determinants of health and implementing equitable policies and interventions to reduce cancer disparities.
CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Farhad Islami, Carmen E. Guerra, Adair Minihan, K. Robin Yabroff, Stacey A. Fedewa, Kirsten Sloan, Tracy L. Wiedt, Blake Thomson, Rebecca L. Siegel, Nigar Nargis, Robert A. Winn, Lisa Lacasse, Laura Makaroff, Elvan C. Daniels, Alpa Patel, William G. Cance, Ahmedin Jemal
Summary: This report provides comprehensive data on disparities in cancer occurrence, risk factors, and access to preventive measures and screening in the US. Policy recommendations are made to reduce these inequalities, emphasizing the need for broad implementation of evidence-based interventions to address social inequities and systemic racism.
CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Joy Zhao, Julie A. Barta, Russell McIntire, Christine Shusted, Charnita Zeigler-Johnson, Hee-Soon Juon
Summary: This study explored the relationships among race, BMI, and lung cancer diagnosis, revealing an inverse relationship between BMI and lung cancer risk among Whites but not among African-Americans. Understanding the racial differences in lung cancer risk is crucial for developing targeted prevention strategies.
Review
Respiratory System
Nathaniel Evans, Tyler Grenda, Nkosi H. Alvarez, Olugbenga T. Okusanya
Summary: Although the incidence of lung cancer appears to be similar between White and Black patients, Black patients are substantially less likely to receive curative intent surgery. Mitigation strategies exist to narrow this inequity. Lower socioeconomic status is associated with a higher incidence of lung cancer, lower utilization of surgery, and poorer outcomes after surgery.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Dany Habr, Roxanne Ferdinand
Summary: Racial/ethnic minority groups are disproportionately impacted by cancer but are underrepresented in clinical trials. Strategies are needed to ensure diversity in trials and properly interpret risk/benefit of emerging therapies.
Article
Oncology
Thejus Jayakrishnan, Sonikpreet Aulakh, Mizba Baksh, Kianna Nguyen, Meghna Ailawadhi, Ayesha Samreen, Ricardo Parrondo, Taimur Sher, Vivek Roy, Rami Manochakian, Aneel Paulus, Asher Chanan-Khan, Sikander Ailawadhi
Summary: The study showed that many clinical trials leading to cancer drug approvals have significant disparities in terms of race and age compared to real-world populations, and these two factors may be interrelated. Continued efforts to recruit diverse populations into clinical trials are recommended.
Article
Oncology
Kristin N. Taylor, Andrew Li, Michael Manuel, Bobbie Jo Rimel, Kenneth H. Kim
Summary: A study found that there are disparities in treatment and survival among Black women with low-risk endometrial cancer. Black women are less likely to undergo hysterectomy compared to White women, and they have lower survival rates.
GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Arash Azin, Houman Tahmasebi, Amanpreet Brar, Sam Azin, Gary Ko, Andrea Covelli, Tulin Cil
Summary: The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status on breast cancer outcomes. The results showed that Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic patients were more likely to present with advanced stage disease compared to Non-Hispanic White patients. Additionally, Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic patients were less likely to undergo breast-reconstruction. Furthermore, Non-Hispanic Black patients had increased hazard for all-cause mortality, and all-cause mortality increased with worsening socioeconomic status.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Shelly X. Bian, Dennis H. Chen, Eugene Lin
Summary: The standard treatment for anal squamous cell carcinoma is associated with better survival, but Black patients are less likely to receive it compared to White patients. Although Black patients had higher mortality than White patients in the nonstandard therapy group, this difference disappeared in the subset receiving standard therapy.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ayman Oweisi, Moawiah S. Mustafa, Luai S. Mustafa, Alyssa N. Eily, Pura Rodriguez de la Vega, Grettel Castro, Noel C. Barengo
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the association between race/ethnicity and advanced stage diagnosis of primary bone neoplasms (PBN). The results showed no statistically significant association between race and advanced stage disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Brock E. E. Boehm, Monica E. E. York, Gyorgy Petrovics, Indu Kohaar, Gregory T. T. Chesnut
Summary: Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in men in the United States, and there is a need for biomarkers that can identify clinically significant cases. However, few trials have compared the clinical effectiveness of available diagnostic biomarkers, and there is a lack of representation of African American men in these trials despite their higher incidence and mortality rates. Various biomarkers and imaging modalities are being explored for their potential utility in diagnosing prostate cancer. This review discusses these adjunctive biomarker tests and imaging modalities, with a focus on their clinical utility in African American and Caucasian men.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kanwal Raghav, Seerat Anand, Anirudh Gothwal, Pooja Singh, Arvind Dasari, Michael J. Overman, Jonathan M. Loree
Summary: Although racial/ethnic disparities in healthcare have long been recognized, recent discourse around structural racism will hopefully lead to improved transparency surrounding these issues. Despite the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on racial/ethnic minorities, the extent and reliability of race reporting in COVID research is unclear. Research during the first wave of the pandemic lacked appropriate racial/ethnicity reporting, but mirrored COVID-19 incidence in the USA, highlighting the increased burden of infection among Black individuals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Leonard E. Riley, Jorge Lascano
Summary: The study revealed gender and racial disparities in LT allocation, with males and persons of White race having a higher likelihood of receiving lung transplants.
JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Amie B. Park, Kathleen M. Darcy, Chunqiao Tian, Yovanni Casablanca, Jill K. Schinkel, Lindsey Enewold, Katherine A. McGlynn, Craig D. Shriver, Kangmin Zhu
Summary: In the Military Health System, non-Hispanic Black women with endometrial cancer have lower survival rates compared to non-Hispanic White women, despite both groups having equal access to healthcare services.
GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Miles W. Grunvald, Joshua M. Underhill, Nicholas J. Skertich, Michael D. Williams, Christopher T. Aquina, Anuradha R. Bhama, Dana M. Hayden, Adan Z. Becerra
Summary: This study found that there are racial disparities in treatment delay among colorectal cancer patients, with minority patients experiencing longer treatment times. Income, education, comorbidities, insurance, and hospital type were important factors contributing to these disparities. Treatment delays could be significantly reduced if these factors were equalized to that of white patients.
DISEASES OF THE COLON & RECTUM
(2023)