Article
Sport Sciences
Nikolaos Koutlianos, Panagiota Sotiriou, Georgios Christou, Efstathios Pagourelias, Maria Anifanti, Konstantinos Christou, Maria Tsironi, Panagiotis Andriopoulos, Evangelia Kouidi, Asterios Deligiannis
Summary: The study found that there was a significant acute increase in arterial stiffness and vascular resistance in athletes after an ultra-marathon race, while the intima-media thickness of the carotid artery remained within normal range. Additionally, athletes experienced weight loss and an increase in biochemical markers post-race, with C-reactive protein showing correlation with pulsatility and resistivity indices.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Marek Kwiek, Wojciech Roszka
Summary: The study found that male scientists tend to collaborate with same-sex partners, while female scientists do not. Most male scientists collaborate solely with males, while most female scientists do not collaborate with females at all. The phenomenon of all-female collaboration is rare across all age groups studied, while all-male collaboration is more common. In research-intensive institutions, gender homophily among male scientists is more pronounced than among females.
JOURNAL OF INFORMETRICS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Nicole L. Hovis, Paul R. Sheehe, Theresa L. White
Summary: The study found that people's impressions of a hypothetical person can be influenced by specific odors, with some odors contributing more to impressions than others.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Beat Knechtle, Anja Witthoft, David Valero, Mabliny Thuany, Pantelis T. Nikolaidis, Volker Scheer, Pedro Forte, Katja Weiss
Summary: Recent studies have found that the performance gap between female and male runners in endurance running decreases with age and longer race distances. However, these studies have small sample sizes. To further investigate this, the present study analyzed a large dataset of over 1,100,000 race records from Switzerland spanning two decades. The results show that while females are more prevalent in shorter races, the male-to-female ratio declines as the race distance increases. Additionally, the performance gap between sexes reduces with age until 70 years, with ultra-marathon running exhibiting the smallest sex difference among participants over 75 years old.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hasan Abbas Al-Mohammed, Elias Yaacoub
Summary: This paper develops a novel communication method for an ultra-high-speed train in an evacuated tube, which significantly reduces the number of base stations needed and enhances the time connectivity for each base station. The proposed method improves both transmitted and received power and offers a fixed or variable data rate. The effects of divergence angle on power are also studied, and a new handover method is proposed.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Wenjin Wang, TsungYuan Tsai, Fei Tian, Jixin Li, Yaqi Zhao, Renkun Zhu, Junjie Li, Yu Liu, Shaobai Wang
Summary: This study used high-speed fluoroscopy and MRI techniques to investigate the kinematics of healthy knees before and after marathon running. The results showed changes in knee kinematics post-marathon such as increased valgus and external femoral rotation, knee flexion, posterior femoral translation, and decreased proximal-distal distance, which may increase the risk of knee injury.
Article
Sport Sciences
Christoph C. Kaufmann, Claudia Wegberger, Maximilian Tscharre, Paul M. Haller, Edita Piackova, Irena Vujasin, Mona Kassem, Ioannis Tentzeris, Matthias K. Freynhofer, Bernhard Jaeger, Johann Wojta, Kurt Huber
Summary: This study investigated the impact of marathon and ultra-marathon on inflammation and iron homeostasis, finding that the level of inflammation was higher after ultra-marathon compared to marathon. Additionally, the response patterns of iron homeostasis differed between the two races.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Constanza Jacques-Avino, Tomas Lopez-Jimenez, Laura Medina-Perucha, Jeroen de Bont, Anna Berenguera
Summary: Research indicates that non-binary individuals have poorer mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic, with higher rates of anxiety and depression. Factors such as social, employment, and health-related issues contribute to this disparity.
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Xuan Huang, Fang Yang, Jian Song, Zhu Han
Summary: This article proposes a novel wireless communication system based on optical wireless communication (OWC) for ultra-high-speed ground transportation, which features high reliability, low latency, and a handover-free method. Improving system reliability through a seamless connection system structure, OWC can effectively avoid Doppler spread.
IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Efstathios D. Pagourelias, Georgios A. Christou, Panagiota G. Sotiriou, Maria A. Anifanti, Nikolaos A. Koutlianos, Maria P. Tsironi, Konstantinos A. Christou, Vasileios P. Vassilikos, Asterios P. Deligiannis, Evangelia J. Kouidi
Summary: This study investigated the acute impact of ultra-endurance exercise on heart using advanced strain imaging, focusing on a 246-km ultra-marathon race. The results showed that ventricular strain and effective diastolic period slightly decreased after the race, while atrial strain and inter-chamber relationships remained unchanged. These changes may be attributed to concomitant pre- and afterload alterations following ultra-endurance exercise.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Xiaomei Cai, Orlando Woods, Quan Gao
Summary: This paper explores how marathon runners in China form a connection between health and space through affective and bodily practices, calling for attention to the affective, dispersed, and fluid spaces of health.
Article
Physiology
Melani R. Kelly, Dawn M. Emerson, Brendon P. Mcdermott, Whitley C. Atkins, Cory L. Butts, R. Mark Laursen, Christopher Troyanos, Andrew Duckett, Jacob Siedlik
Summary: This study aimed to investigate intestinal cell injury and gastrointestinal distress symptoms among marathon runners, as well as potential risk factors. The results showed that gastrointestinal symptoms were most severe post-race, and were significantly correlated with post-race intestinal cell injury and urine specific gravity.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
C. Soares, D. Ferreira, R. Araujo
Summary: Gender bias is a known issue in healthcare and academia, with a study finding that up to 33% of patients with man-in-the-barrel syndrome were female. The term 'man-in-the-barrel' may disenfranchise women presenting with brachial diplegia, leading to undesirable consequences. A gender-neutral alternative, such as 'person-in-the-barrel', is proposed to address this issue.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Astrid Roeh, Stefan Holdenrieder, Julia Schoenfeld, Jan Haeckert, Martin Halle, Peter Falkai, Johannes Scherr, Alkomiet Hasan
Summary: The study found that prolonged exercise leads to a significant decrease in serum BDNF concentration 72 hours post-exercise, mainly driven by regenerative mechanisms and higher muscular utilization.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
K. Weiss, D. Valero, E. Villiger, M. Thuany, V Scheer, I Cuk, B. Knechtle
Summary: This study investigated the influence of environmental conditions on the pacing and running speed of elite marathoners competing in the Berlin Marathon. The results showed that faster runners experienced lower temperatures and higher humidity levels, while slower runners experienced higher temperatures and lower humidity levels, which had a stronger negative impact on running speeds. Additionally, barometric pressure was positively correlated with running speed in elite runners.
EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Nawel Gaamouri, Mehrez Hammami, Roy J. Shephard, Mohamed Souhaiel Chelly, Beat Knechtle, Katsuhiko Suzuki, Sabri Gaied
Summary: This study investigated the effects of an 8-week combined plyometric exercise and high intensity running training on the performance fitness of male U17 handball players. The results showed significant improvements in sprint performance, change of direction, vertical jumping, horizontal jumping, repeated sprint ability, and shuttle run in the experimental group compared to the control group.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCE & COACHING
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hossein Shirvani, Behzad Bazgir, Alireza Shamsoddini, Ayoub Saeidi, Seyed Morteza Tayebi, Kurt A. A. Escobar, Ismail Laher, Trisha A. A. VanDusseldorp, Katja Weiss, Beat Knechtle, Hassane Zouhal
Summary: This study investigated the effects of oregano supplementation on muscle damage, oxidative stress, and plasma antioxidant markers of soldiers performing military training. The results showed that oregano supplementation can reduce muscle damage and increase oxidative capacity. Therefore, supplementation with oregano may serve as a dietary strategy to increase preparedness and promote recovery in military recruits.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mabliny Thuany, Katja Weiss, Elias Villiger, Volker Scheer, Nejmeddine Ouerghi, Thayse Natacha Gomes, Beat Knechtle
Summary: The purpose of this study was to describe differences in participation and performance in 100-mile ultra-marathons by continent. The data showed that most athletes were from America and Europe, but the fastest runners were from Africa. The study also found that women from Sweden, Hungary, and Russia had the best performances, while men from Brazil, Russia, and Lithuania were the fastest.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Bas Van Hooren, Guy Plasqui, Romuald Lepers
Summary: This study analyzed the physical capabilities and achievements of a 75-year-old world-class middle-distance runner who has set multiple records in his age category. The results showed high cardiorespiratory capacity, significant anaerobic speed reserve, and impressive athletic performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Higgor Amadeus Martins, Jose Geraldo Barbosa, Aldo Seffrin, Lavinia Vivan, Vinicius Ribeiro dos Anjos Souza, Claudio Andre Barbosa De Lira, Katja Weiss, Beat Knechtle, Marilia Santos Andrade
Summary: Male athletes generally outperform female athletes in endurance sports due to higher VO(2)max values. However, when adjusting for lean mass, the differences in VO(2)max between sexes become insignificant. This suggests that lean mass may play a role in explaining sex differences in performance.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Bruno Lombardi Amado, Claudio Andre Barbosa De Lira, Rodrigo Luiz Vancini, Pedro Forte, Taline Costa, Katja Weiss, Beat Knechtle, Marilia Santos Andrade
Summary: Muscular weakness and strength imbalance in the thigh muscles are risk factors for knee injuries. Hormonal changes during puberty affect muscle strength, but their effects on muscular strength balance are unknown. This study compared knee flexor strength, knee extensor strength, and strength balance ratio between prepubertal and postpubertal swimmers of both sexes. The findings suggest that postpubertal swimmers have higher muscle mass and peak torque than prepubertal swimmers, indicating a potential higher risk of knee injuries.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Guilherme Correa De Araujo Moury Fernandes, Jose G. G. Barbosa Junior, Aldo Seffrin, Lavinia Vivan, Claudio A. B. de Lira, Rodrigo L. Vancini, Katja Weiss, Beat Knechtle, Marilia S. Andrade
Summary: This study compared the differences in ventilatory threshold, respiratory compensation point, and maximal aerobic speed between male and female triathletes in an Olympic triathlon race. The results showed that male athletes had significantly higher maximal oxygen uptake and maximal aerobic speed compared to female athletes, but there were no gender differences in the percentage of maximal oxygen uptake reached at the ventilatory threshold and respiratory compensation point. The average race speed did not differ between sexes, but female athletes ran at a higher percentage of speed at the respiratory compensation point.
Article
Sport Sciences
Mabliny Thuany, Patxi Leon-Guereno, Kevin Kipchumba, Raphael Fabricio de Souza, Beat Knechtle, Thayse Natacha Gomes
Summary: This study aims to determine the nationality of European middle-distance athletes under 18 years (U18) and under 20 years (U20) over the last decade, examine the participation trend for each country, and assess the possible relationship between the place of competition and athletes' ranking positions. The sample included 902 European male runners who achieved top rankings from 2009 to 2020. The results showed that Spain had the highest number of athletes, followed by Turkey and Great Britain. Most countries did not exhibit significant trends in both distances. Slovenia demonstrated a positive trend in the 3000 m race. There was no significant association between countries and ranking positions, as well as between the place of competition and ranking positions. These findings may be valuable for guiding athlete development programs in each country.
SPORTS MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Lenaic Borot, Benjamin Pageaux, Davy Laroche, Gregoire Vergotte, Romuald Lepers, Stephane Perrey
Summary: Compared to concentric exercise, eccentric exercise has a higher mental demand and activates the frontoparietal network, especially when the exercise intensity is fixed by torque.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Claudio Quagliarotti, Vittorio Coloretti, Emanuele Dello Stritto, Sarah Cuccurullo, Jessica Acalai, Romuald Lepers, Silvia Fantozzi, Matteo Cortesi, Maria Francesca Piacentini
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate biomechanical and perceptual variables during swimming training in different mental fatigue states. The results showed that mental fatigue did not have an effect on swimming biomechanics, but the warm-up may have counteracted its negative effects.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Robert Gajda, Wojciech Drygas, Jacek Gajda, Pawel Kiper, Beat Knechtle, Magdalena Kwasniewska, Maciej Sterlinski, Elzbieta Katarzyna Biernacka
Summary: This case describes a 36-year-old professional marathon runner who experienced irregular palpitations during competitions. Despite initial suspicion of Munchausen syndrome, an exercise test confirmed the presence of exercise-induced arrhythmia.
Article
Sport Sciences
Mabliny Thuany, Douglas Vieira, Henrique de Paula, Pantelis T. T. Nikolaidis, Volker Scheer, Katja Weiss, Ivan Cuk, Beat Knechtle, Thayse Natacha Gomes
Summary: This study used a network approach to investigate the importance of social and training variables for running performance, finding that childhood sports participation and the presence of runners in the family were important factors. These findings have practical implications for developing educational programs to increase sports participation during childhood and within families.
SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rashmi Supriya, Maryam Delfan, Ayoub Saeidi, Seyedeh Somayeh Samaie, Maisa Hamed Al Kiyumi, Kurt A. Escobar, Ismail Laher, Katie M. Heinrich, Katja Weiss, Beat Knechtle, Hassane Zouhal
Summary: This study found that a combination of Spirulina supplementation and high-intensity interval training can reduce adipokine levels, improve body weight and lipid profiles, and enhance cardiometabolic well-being in obese males.
Article
Sport Sciences
Mabliny Thuany, Beat Knechtle, Kevin Kipchumba, Lee Hill, Thayse Natacha Gomes
Summary: This study investigated the representation of countries in the TOP20 long-distance elite runners ranking from 1997 to 2020, considering the countries' Human Development Index (HDI), and examined the presence of the Matthew effect in countries' representation over the years.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE IN SPORT AND EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Beat Knechtle, David Valero, Elias Villiger, Mabliny Thuany, Marilia Santos Andrade, Pantelis T. Nikolaidis, Ivan Cuk, Katja Weiss
Summary: This study investigated the sex differences in the IRONMAN 70.3 race by age group, analyzing data from all official IRONMAN 70.3 races held worldwide between 2004 and 2020. The results showed that males were faster than females in all split disciplines and age groups. The sex difference was lower in swimming compared to cycling and running, and it decreased with age for swimming and cycling but not for running. The lowest sex difference was observed in the 75+ age group for swimming and cycling, and in the 30-34 age group for running. Overall, the study found that the sex difference in performance decreased with age in the IRONMAN 70.3 race distance.
SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN
(2023)
