Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingying Lu, Chao Fan, Yize Liu, Yiqiang Pei
Summary: The research investigates the effects of boost pressure, engine speed, and multi-pulse injection timing on PCCI combustion and emissions in a heavy-duty diesel engine. Results show that intake boost helps in forming lean and homogeneous mixture, increasing indicated thermal efficiency. Increasing engine speed reduces NOx, soot, CO, and UHC emissions, while also improving thermal efficiency. Delaying multi-pulse injection timing decreases final soot, CO, and UHC emissions due to the combined effect of mixing space and combustion temperature.
Article
Engineering, Marine
L. A. Diaz-Secades, R. Gonzalez, N. Rivera
Summary: This study investigates the feasibility of recovering waste heat from marine diesel engine blocks and evaluates the energy, economic, and environmental impacts. The findings indicate that waste heat recovery can significantly reduce CO2 and NOx emissions from ships.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Upendra Rajak, Manoj Panchal, Prerana Nashine, Tikendra Nath Verma, Rohit Kumar, Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
Summary: The goal of this study is to find a way to run a diesel engine entirely on spirulina microalgae (SMA) and base fuel (BF) in a dual fuel mode. The effects of keeping the injection settings and compression ratio fixed on the performance and burning of the diesel engine running on SMA-BF are examined. The results show that the SMA20BF80 blend has a slightly lower efficiency and higher fuel consumption compared to BF, but it emits less NOx and smoke at high load.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Weike Zhang, Ming Zeng, Yufeng Zhang, Chi-Wei Su
Summary: The development of high-speed railway in China is beneficial for reducing carbon emissions. The study shows that high-speed railway can decrease carbon emissions by an average of 2.3%, with the reduction effects mainly concentrated in northern cities, central and western regions, and large-scale cities. However, other types of cities do not show reduction effects and even experience an increase in carbon emissions.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ying Liu, Alexandr Kuznetsov, Bowen Sa
Summary: Cylinder deactivation technology can significantly improve the efficiency of diesel engines and reduce emissions by cutting fuel supply and controlling valve motions.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mustafa Deniz Altinkurt, Menno Merts, Martin Tuner, Ali Turkcan
Summary: Accelerated by the harms and depletion risk of fossil fuels, transition to low-carbon or renewable fuels have become an urgent need for combustion engines to decarbonize transport sectors. Natural gas-diesel dual-fuel combustion is a promising method to achieve these goals by allowing the usage of natural gas in diesel engines. However, this concept has drawbacks of low combustion efficiency, high unburned hydrocarbon (HC) emissions and high cyclic variations at low engine loads. To find solutions to these drawbacks, split diesel injections with variable injection timings and mass split ratios were investigated experimentally and numerically. The results showed that split injection had the potential to reduce HC emissions and cyclic variations, improve combustion efficiency, and decrease NOx emissions. Furthermore, simulations demonstrated that early single injection dual-fuel cases contributed to a more homogeneous temperature distribution and better oxidization of methane near the cylinder wall and central region above the piston crown.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jianbing Gao, Guohong Tian, Chaochen Ma, Yuanjian Zhang, Shikai Xing, Phil Jenner
Summary: Lean-burn was adopted as an effective method in this study to reduce NOx emissions from hydrogen combustion in ORP engines. The equivalence ratio has a significant impact on combustion and NOx emission characteristics, with effects varying with engine speeds. High NOx emissions were observed under low engine speed conditions due to hydrogen combustion near stoichiometric ratio.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dimitrios Dardalis, Amiyo Basu, Matt J. Hall, Ronald D. Mattthews
Summary: The Rotating Liner Engine (RLE) concept aims to reduce friction by rotating the cylinder liner and improve piston ring lubrication. Preliminary testing has shown significant friction reduction and improved fuel economy, potentially up to 10% over the US Heavy-Duty driving cycle compared to a standard engine.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Haohan Li, Roel Verschaeren, Tarek Beji, Sebastian Verhelst
Summary: This paper investigates the evaporating sprays for medium speed marine engines using optical measurements, explores the effects of ambient gas temperature and density on spray penetration, proposes empirical correlations for spray penetration, and suggests a time-dependent injection pressure profile for calculation of spray penetration. The study also compares the effects of gas turbulence on spray characteristics under different ambient gas densities and engine loads.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingying Lu, Chao Fan, Yufeng Chen, Yize Liu, Yiqiang Pei
Summary: This study investigates the effects of a multiple injection strategy on premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) combustion and emissions in a heavy-duty diesel engine fueled with diesel. Through experiments and numerical simulations, it was found that optimizing the injection strategy can reduce NOx and soot emissions, while improving the gross indicated thermal efficiency (ITEg).
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenjing Qu, Yuan Fang, Zixin Wang, Hongjie Sun, Liyan Feng
Summary: To prevent abnormal combustion in high-power hydrogen engines, a 3D CFD numerical model of a direct-injection spark-ignition hydrogen engine was developed using CONVERGE software. An optimization method was used to analyze the influence of injection parameters on mixture homogeneity. The results showed that hydrogen engines have great potential in internal combustion engines.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Narges Karimi Abiyazani, Vahid Pirouzfar, Chia-Hung Su
Summary: This study aims to investigate the effects of different gasoline additives and engine conditions on engine performance and combustion emissions. By using experimental design and optimization techniques, the optimal conditions for engine power and exhaust emission are determined, with significant effects observed from five main parameters. The findings suggest that a blend of 8% n-propanol and 0.2% aluminum oxide, with an engine speed of 1750 rpm and throttle of 26%, results in the most effective performance with estimated emissions of CO, CO2, HC, and NOx.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Cavan McCaffery, Hanwei Zhu, Georgios Karavalakis, Thomas D. Durbin, J. Wayne Miller, Kent C. Johnson
Summary: This study evaluated the gaseous and particulate emissions from a Tier 2 oceangoing vessel using two emission control area (ECA) compliant fuels. Results showed that the novel ultra-low sulfur heavy fuel oil (ULSHFO) had slightly higher nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions for both the main and auxiliary engines, and significantly increased NOx emissions for the auxiliary boiler. Additionally, ULSHFO had higher PM2.5 and black carbon emissions, with little contribution of sulfate due to the low sulfur content in both fuels.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jonathan A. Martin, Matthew A. Ratcliff, Mohammad J. Rahimi, Jonathan L. Burton, Petr Sindler, Cameron K. Hays, Robert L. McCormick
Summary: This study identifies three potential low-carbon fuels, including methyl pentanoate, 1-pentanol, and 2-pentanol, that can be blended with gasoline for use in ACI engines. Testing showed that 1-pentanol and 2-pentanol significantly improve fuel sensitivity of ACI engines, while the effect of methyl pentanoate is not significant. Therefore, 1-pentanol and 2-pentanol are fuels of interest for further study as low-carbon blendstocks for ACI engines.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Binqi Li, Ya-Ping He, Zheng-Yan Qian, Jiaxi Hu, Hui Zheng, Jien Ma, Youtong Fang, Qiu Lin
Summary: The study optimized the intake and exhaust ports of a dual fuel engine to ensure the best match between the cylinder and the airways. Experimental and simulation results confirmed the optimized dimensions for the best performance. This provides valuable insights for the design and optimization of dual fuel engines.
