Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Houssni Lamkaddam, Josef Dommen, Ananth Ranjithkumar, Hamish Gordon, Gunther Wehrle, Jordan Krechmer, Francesca Majluf, Daniil Salionov, Julia Schmale, Sasa Bjelic, Kenneth S. Carslaw, Imad El Haddad, Urs Baltensperger
Summary: The study reveals that processing isoprene oxidation products in cloud droplets can produce a significant amount of secondary organic aerosol, which may have a substantial impact on the global aerosol burden.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yiyu Cai, Chenshuo Ye, Wei Chen, Weiwei Hu, Wei Song, Yuwen Peng, Shan Huang, Jipeng Qi, Sihang Wang, Chaomin Wang, Caihong Wu, Zelong Wang, Baolin Wang, Xiaofeng Huang, Lingyan He, Sasho Gligorovski, Bin Yuan, Min Shao, Xinming Wang
Summary: The sources and formation mechanism of oxidized organic nitrogen (OON) were investigated through field measurements conducted in Guangzhou, China in the fall of 2018. The results showed that biomass burning and secondary formation contributed comparably to the total particle-phase OON (pOON), while secondary formation dominated the gas-phase OON (gOON). The oxidation pathways mediated by hydroxyl and nitrate radicals were found to be the main contributors to the secondary formation of gOON.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Junjun Deng, Yuan Gao, Jialei Zhu, Linjie Li, Shun Yu, Kimitaka Kawamura, Pingqing Fu
Summary: The study on biogenic organic aerosols in Antarctica found higher concentrations of sugar alcohols and biogenic SOA tracers in summer compared to winter. Fungal-spore organic carbon, isoprene-derived secondary OC, and monoterpene-derived SOC contributed 26.2%, 55.6%, and 18.2% respectively. Model results suggest higher biogenic SOA in East Antarctica than in West Antarctica.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Dan Dan Huang, Shuhui Zhu, Jingyu An, Qiongqiong Wang, Liping Qiao, Min Zhou, Xiao He, Yingge Ma, Yele Sun, Cheng Huang, Jian Zhen Yu, Qi Zhang
Summary: In this study conducted in Shanghai, collocated OA measurements with AMS and TAG were used to identify primary COA (PCOA) and oxygenated COA (OCOA). Criteria for identifying COA factors from AMS analysis with different oxygenation levels were proposed, and two positive matrix factorization approaches were compared for COA quantification. The study highlights the significant impacts of cooking activities on urban air quality and the advantages of conducting collocated measurements using multiple high time resolution mass spectrometric techniques in advancing our understanding of atmospheric OA chemistry.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Haotian Zheng, Xing Chang, Shuxiao Wang, Shengyue Li, Bin Zhao, Zhaoxin Dong, Dian Ding, Yueqi Jiang, Guanghan Huang, Cheng Huang, Jingyu An, Min Zhou, Liping Qiao, Jia Xing
Summary: Based on simulation and sensitivity analysis, this study found that the concentration of organic aerosol (OA) in China decreased from 2005 to 2019, but its sources remain unclear. Primary OA (POA) and secondary OA (SOA) were the main components of OA, with residential biomass burning being the major source of OA pollution, which decreased by 75%. Vehicle exhaust emissions became the largest SOA source in China, increasing by more than 2-fold. The control of NOx slightly offset the decrease in SOA concentration due to increased oxidation capacity.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Peng Yao, Elena Chianese, Norbertas Kairys, Rupert Holzinger, Dusan Materic, Carmina Sirignano, Angelo Riccio, Haiyan Ni, Ru-Jin Huang, Ulrike Dusek
Summary: The chemical composition and stable carbon isotopic composition of organic aerosol particles emitted by a shuttle passenger ship in Italy were investigated. Methylsiloxanes and their derivatives were identified in the ship emissions for the first time, and their presence was supported by the low carbon isotopic values. These methylsiloxanes are likely to come from engine lubricants.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Z. N. Xu, W. Nie, Y. L. Liu, P. Sun, D. D. Huang, C. Yan, J. Krechmer, P. L. Ye, Z. Xu, X. M. Qi, C. J. Zhu, Y. Y. Li, T. Y. Wang, L. Wang, X. Huang, R. Z. Tang, S. Guo, G. L. Xiu, Q. Y. Fu, D. Worsnop, X. G. Chi, A. J. Ding
Summary: The study revealed that the oxidation products of isoprene play a significant role in the formation of global secondary organic aerosols, particularly in heavily polluted cities like Nanjing and Shanghai. The multifunctional products derived from isoprene oxidation contribute to a notable percentage of total organic aerosol mass, emphasizing the potential importance of isoprene oxidation in polluted regions.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Catherine G. Masoud, Mrinali Modi, Dongyu S. Wang, Lea Hildebrandt Ruiz
Summary: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is an important indicator of urban air quality. Recent studies have found elevated concentrations of reactive chlorine species in inland and urban regions, which contribute to the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) and particulate chlorides. The oxidation of isoprene by chlorine has been found to produce SOA under pristine conditions, but the effects of anthropogenic influences, such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), have not been explored. This study investigates the reactions between chlorine and isoprene under low- and high-NOx conditions, and finds that the secondary OH-isoprene chemistry is significantly enhanced under high-NOx conditions, leading to the suppression of organic chloride formation.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Linlin Liang, Guenter Engling, Wanyun Xu, Qianli Ma, Weili Lin, Xuyan Liu, Chang Liu, Gen Zhang
Summary: Laboratory experiments suggest acid-catalyzed aqueous-phase production can promote the formation of isoprene SOA, i.e., 2-methyltetrols. In this study, ambient observations and chemical measurements were used to investigate the importance of environmental factors in the formation of isoprene epoxydiols (IEPDX) SOA under atmospheric humidity conditions. The results show that photochemical processes dominate the formation of 2-methyltetrols in humid environments, and aerosol acidity has a limited influence on their formation. Additionally, high liquid water content reduces aerosol droplet acidity, thereby diminishing the enhancement of SOA formation.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mingfu Cai, Baoling Liang, Qibin Sun, Li Liu, Bin Yuan, Min Shao, Shan Huang, Yuwen Peng, Zelong Wang, Haobo Tan, Fei Li, Hanbin Xu, Duohong Chen, Jun Zhao
Summary: The study investigated the contribution of new particle formation (NPF) to cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and its controlling factors, with results showing that high formation rate, growth rate, and low background particle concentration lead to an increase in newly formed particle number concentration. The growth rate was found to have the most significant impact on CCN activation.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Rongzhi Tang, Song Guo, Quanyang Lu, Kai Song, Yuanzheng Gong, Rui Tan, Kefan Liu, Hui Wang, Ying Yu, Ruizhe Shen, Shiyi Chen, Limin Zeng, Spiro D. Jorga, Allen L. Robinson
Summary: This study characterized ambient IVOCs in Beijing and conducted a comprehensive closure study of ambient SOA production using top-down and bottom-up approaches. The results showed that IVOCs were the dominant contributor to SOA formation in Beijing, and other sources like diesel vehicles and cooking emissions may also play an important role.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Qiongqiong Wang, Jian Zhen Yu
Summary: The study focused on the degradation rates of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids in the atmosphere. By conducting laboratory experiments and field measurements, the nighttime decay rates of oleic acid, elaidic acid, and linoleic acid were obtained, providing valuable data for modeling the heterogeneous aging of ambient organic aerosols.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Li-Ming Cao, Jing Wei, Ling-Yan He, Hui Zeng, Meng-Lin Li, Qiao Zhu, Guang-He Yu, Xiao-Feng Huang
Summary: This study found that in the northern hemisphere winter, the evolution of SOA in aerosols on BC particles may differ from that in the bulk aerosol, with transition metals playing a catalytic role in SOA formation. Additional research is needed to further explore the potential role of BC and transition metals as catalysts for OA aging and the co-benefit of BC and transition metals pollution control in reducing SOA in the atmosphere.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhijie Li, Weiqi Xu, Wei Zhou, Lu Lei, Jiaxing Sun, Bo You, Zifa Wang, Yele Sun
Summary: This study investigates the chemical differences between submicron aerosol (PM1) species and fine particles (PM2.5) in Beijing, China, using a high-resolution AMS and a time-of-flight ACSM. The results show that aerosol species in PM2.5 are highly correlated with those in PM1, but the PM1/PM2.5 ratios vary greatly for different species. Nitrate is dominant in PM1, while a significant fraction of sulfate is observed in the PM1-2.5 range. PM1 organics show higher fractions in PM2.5 in summer. The study also compares the source apportionment of organic aerosol (OA) between PM1 and PM2.5, revealing substantial differences in primary and secondary OA composition, especially in winter. Additionally, a parameterized relationship between oxygen-to-carbon ratio and CV f44 is developed, which has implications for studying the oxidation and hygroscopicity properties of OA.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Emelie L. Graham, Cheng Wu, David M. Bell, Amelie Bertrand, Sophie L. Haslett, Urs Baltensperger, Imad El Haddad, Radovan Krejci, Ilona Riipinen, Claudia Mohr
Summary: Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is formed through the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The Nitrate Aerosol and Volatility Experiment (NArVE) aimed to study the NO3-induced SOA formation and evolution from three biogenic VOCs. Data from the study showed that the SOA formed from NO3 oxidation of alpha-pinene or isoprene is dominated by low-volatility organic compounds (LVOCs) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), while the corresponding SOA from beta-caryophyllene consists primarily of extremely low-volatility organic compounds (ELVOCs) and LVOCs.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiaqi Zhou, Karsten Baumann, Naomi Chang, Glenn Morrison, Wanda Bodnar, Zhenfa Zhang, Joanna M. Atkin, Jason D. Surratt, Barbara J. Turpin
Summary: This study investigated the emission of PFASs during floor stripping/waxing activities and their potential occupational exposures. The study found that concentrations of five PFASs in the air were significantly higher during floor stripping/waxing compared to before, and were one order of magnitude higher than typical indoor and outdoor concentrations. These results imply that floor stripping activities may lead to occupational PFAS exposures.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Faria Khan, Mohammed Jaoui, Krzysztof Rudzinski, Karina Kwapiszewska, Alicia Martinez-Romero, Domingo Gil-Casanova, Michael Lewandowski, Tadeusz E. Kleindienst, John H. Offenberg, Jonathan D. Krug, Jason D. Surratt, Rafal Szmigielski
Summary: This study provides the first evidence of the effects of nitrophenols on human lung cells, demonstrating their potential toxicity at high concentrations. Further research is needed to assess the contribution of nitrophenols to lung pathologies.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Epameinondas Tsiligiannis, Rongrong Wu, Ben H. Lee, Christian Mark Salvador, Michael Priestley, Philip T. M. Carlsson, Sungah Kang, Anna Novelli, Luc Vereecken, Hendrik Fuchs, Alfred W. Mayhew, Jacqueline F. Hamilton, Peter M. Edwards, Juliane L. Fry, Bellamy Brownwood, Steven S. Brown, Robert J. Wild, Thomas J. Bannan, Hugh Coe, James Allan, Jason D. Surratt, Asan Bacak, Paul Artaxo, Carl Percival, Song Guo, Min Hu, Tao Wang, Thomas F. Mentel, Joel A. Thornton, Mattias Hallquist
Summary: This study demonstrates that C4H7NO5 is a significant component of isoprene-derived organonitrates (ONs) based on chamber experiments and ambient measurements. C4H7NO5 isomers contribute a portion of all measured ONs formed at night and a larger portion after further daytime oxidation. In the environment, C4H7NO5 isomers dominate both nighttime and daytime, indicating a longer residence time compared to other ONs.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bo Chen, Jessica A. Mirrielees, Yuzhi Chen, Timothy B. Onasch, Zhenfa Zhang, Avram Gold, Jason D. Surratt, Yue Zhang, Sarah D. Brooks
Summary: We measured the Tg of IEPOX-derived SOA components using broadband dielectric spectroscopy and found that the Tg of mixtures depends on their composition. The Kwei equation provides a good fit for the Tg-composition relationship of complex mixtures. We demonstrate that the non-linear deviation of Tg as a function of composition may be caused by changes in the extent of hydrogen bonding in the mixture using Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2023)
Correction
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
David O. De Haan, Lelia N. Hawkins, Praveen D. Wickremasinghe, Alyssa D. Andretta, Juliette R. Dignum, Audrey C. De Haan, Hannah G. Welsh, Elyse A. Pennington, Tianqu Cui, Jason D. Surratt, Mathieu Cazaunau, Edouard Pangui, Jean-Francois Doussin
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
David O. De Haan, Lelia N. Hawkins, Praveen D. Wickremasinghe, Alyssa D. Andretta, Juliette R. Dignum, Audrey C. De Haan, Hannah G. Welsh, Elyse A. Pennington, Tianqu Cui, Jason D. Surratt, Mathieu Cazaunau, Edouard Pangui, Jean-Francois Doussin
Summary: Aqueous-phase dark reactions during the co oxidation of glyoxal and S(IV) were found to be a potential source of brown carbon (BrC), which occurs more slowly in sunlit, sulfite containing solutions. Detectable amounts of BrC in aerosol require an OH radical source and occur most rapidly after a cloud event. Radical-initiated reactions and redox mechanisms play a role in this process. However, the BrC produced is about ten times less light-absorbing than wood smoke BrC at 365 nm.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jie Zhang, Manish Shrivastava, Alla Zelenyuk, Rahul A. Zaveri, Jason D. Surratt, Matthieu Riva, David Bell, Marianne Glasius
Summary: This study investigates the key parameters governing the formation of isoprene epoxydiol-derived secondary organic aerosol (IEPOX-SOA). The results show that reducing the reaction rate constants of 2-methyltetrol (tetrol) can bring the model predictions in agreement with experimental measurements of IEPOX-SOA under acidified aerosol conditions. Additionally, both the organosulfate (OS) and tetrol reaction rate constants need to be reduced for nonacidified aerosols to match the chamber observations. The study also reveals that the aerosol acidity significantly affects the oligomerization rate of tetrols.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kristen M. Foleya, George A. Pouliota, Alison Eytha, Michael F. Aldridge, Christine Allen, K. Wyat Appel, Jesse O. Basha, Megan Beardsleya, James Beidlerb, David Choia, Caroline Farkas, Robert C. Gilliam, Janice Godfrey, Barron H. Henderson, Christian Hogrefe, Shannon N. Koplitza, Rich Masona, Rohit Mathura, Chris Misenisa, Norm Possiela, Havala O. T. Pye, Lara Reynolds, Matthew Roark, Sarah Roberts, Donna B. Schwedea, Karl M. Seltzera, Darrell Sonntaga, Kevin Talgob, Claudia Toro, Jeff Vukovicha, Jia Xingc, Elizabeth Adamsd
Summary: The US EPA has developed annual North American emissions data for air pollutants across 18 source categories from 2002 to 2017. These data are intended to support regional air quality modeling for a variety of applications. This dataset is part of the EPA's Air Quality Time Series Project.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Clara M. A. Eichler, Naomi Y. Chang, Elaine A. Cohen Hubal, Daniel E. Amparo, Jiaqi Zhou, Jason D. Surratt, Glenn C. Morrison, Barbara J. Turpin
Summary: During the Indoor PFAS Assessment (IPA) Campaign, concentrations of nine neutral PFAS were measured in air and cotton cloth in 11 homes in North Carolina. The study found that fluorotelomer alcohols were the dominant species in indoor air, while perfluorooctane sulfonamidoethanols accumulated most significantly in cloth. Cloth-air partition coefficients were derived for different PFAS and were positively correlated with the octanol-air partition coefficient. Temperature was found to have the greatest effect on PFAS accumulation.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Marc Webb, Liyong Cui, Glenn Morrison, Karsten Baumann, Jason D. Surratt, Zhenfa Zhang, Joanna Atkin, Barbara J. Turpin
Summary: Humidity affects the removal and concentrations of indoor pollutants, especially in humid homes. Research on a model organic peroxide showed that the relative humidity has a greater effect on the removal rate and reaction probability on soiled surfaces compared to clean surfaces. These findings are important for predicting indoor concentrations of organic peroxides.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Havala O. T. Pye, Bryan K. Place, Benjamin N. Murphy, Karl M. Seltzer, Emma L. D'Ambro, Christine Allen, Ivan R. Piletic, Sara Farrell, Rebecca H. Schwantes, Matthew M. Coggon, Emily Saunders, Lu Xu, Golam Sarwar, William T. Hutzell, Kristen M. Foley, George Pouliot, Jesse Bash, William R. Stockwell
Summary: Chemical mechanisms are used to describe how organic and inorganic species in the atmosphere transform and how they contribute to the formation of secondary species such as ozone, fine particles, and hazardous air pollutants. This study introduces the Community Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Multiphase Mechanism (CRACMM) version 1.0, which includes several new species and reactions to better represent atmospheric chemistry processes. The CRACMMv1.0 model provides a comprehensive understanding of the formation of ozone, secondary organic aerosol, and hazardous air pollutants.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Forwood Wiser, Bryan K. Place, Siddhartha Sen, Havala O. T. Pye, Benjamin Yang, Daniel M. Westervelt, Daven K. Henze, Arlene M. Fiore, V. Faye McNeill
Summary: Previous studies on the mechanism of isoprene oxidation have included numerous species and reactions, making it computationally expensive for large-scale atmospheric models. This study developed a reduced isoprene oxidation mechanism using an automated model reduction approach. The reduced mechanism accurately predicted the changes in oxidation products in a smaller-scale model. When applied to a larger atmospheric model, the reduced mechanism significantly improved the agreement with observed data.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Daniel J. Bryant, Beth S. Nelson, Stefan J. Swift, Sri Hapsari Budisulistiorini, Will S. Drysdale, Adam R. Vaughan, Mike J. Newland, James R. Hopkins, James M. Cash, Ben Langford, Eiko Nemitz, W. Joe F. Acton, C. Nicholas Hewitt, Tuhin Mandal, Bhola R. Gurjar, Shivani, Ranu Gadi, James D. Lee, Andrew R. Rickard, Jacqueline F. Hamilton
Summary: Delhi, India is one of the most polluted cities in the world, but little is known about the emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or the sources of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). This study provides the first molecular-level measurements of SOA derived from isoprene and monoterpene in Delhi, and demonstrates that both biogenic and anthropogenic sources of these compounds can be important in urban areas.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Daniel J. J. Bryant, Alfred W. W. Mayhew, Kelly L. L. Pereira, Sri Hapsari Budisulistiorini, Connor Prior, William Unsworth, David O. O. Topping, Andrew R. R. Rickard, Jacqueline F. F. Hamilton
Summary: This study proposes a quantification method based on the prediction of relative ionisation efficiency factors to correct the concentrations of biogenic secondary organic aerosol species. The method was developed using commercially available standards and was able to predict the ionisation efficiency factors of biogenic organic acids without authentic standards. The concentration of biogenic secondary organic aerosol was corrected using the predicted factors and resulted in a significant decrease in average concentration.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jiaqi Zhou, Karsten Baumann, Jason D. Surratt, Barbara J. Turpin
Summary: Large fluoropolymer manufacturing facilities are major sources of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), and this study investigates the PFAS concentration in the air near a fluoropolymer manufacturing facility in the United States. Thirteen PFAS were found at higher concentrations in the nearfield samples than in the regional background sites, and six PFAS compounds consistently had elevated concentrations across the two sites.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS
(2022)