Article
Engineering, Environmental
Tao Li, Chii Shang, Yingying Xiang, Ran Yin, Yang Pan, Mengge Fan, Xin Yang
Summary: This study investigated the application of chlorine dioxide pre-oxidation to control the formation of chloro-organic byproducts and toxicity in water treated by the UV/chlorine process. The study found that ClO2 pre-oxidation preferentially reacted with high aromaticity DOM moieties, resulting in compounds with higher degrees of oxidation and lower aromaticity. The treated water showed a decrease in unknown chloro-organic byproducts and organic chlorine levels, as well as a reduction in genotoxicity and cytotoxicity. The findings highlight the effectiveness of ClO2 pre-oxidation in controlling chloro-organic byproducts and reducing toxicity.
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Golnoosh Khajouei, Harry O. O. Finklea, Lian-Shin Lin
Summary: Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), including UV/chlorine, have gained attention as alternatives to conventional water treatment technologies. UV/chlorine process offers multiple disinfection modes and maintains chlorine residuals, while also having advantages like higher radical production efficiency. This process has been applied to degrade a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds. This review evaluates the efficiency of UV/chlorine process and discusses strategies to tackle the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs).
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xueli Ren, Hongbin Chen
Summary: Reclaimed water can reduce household water consumption significantly, but microbial growth poses health and aesthetic concerns. AOC and BDOC are important indicators for evaluating biological stability of water. Results suggest that maintaining residual chlorine concentration is crucial in maintaining biological stability of reclaimed water, and controlling AOC level is vital for stabilizing reclaimed water.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Nathan Moore, Chengjin Wang, Susan Andrews, Ron Hofmann
Summary: UV/Cl and UV/H2O2 are compared in terms of their efficiency in the degradation of contaminants in water, with the hypothesis that UV/Cl becomes more competitive as TOC concentration increases at neutral-to-high pH. The results indicate that UV/Cl shows less decrease in reaction rate coefficients for certain contaminants compared to UV/H2O2 as TOC concentration increases, suggesting that UV/Cl may be more energy-efficient in a wider range of treatment scenarios than previously thought.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bing Wang, Qi Zhang, Yongdi Fu, Zhilin Ran, John C. Crittenden, Weiqiu Zhang, Haipei Wang
Summary: Trimethoprim is a pharmaceutical compound commonly found in water environments and can be effectively degraded using the UV/chlorine process. The study identified influencing factors and optimal operational conditions for the degradation of TMP, with ClO center dot radical being the major reactant responsible for its degradation. The research also determined the best operational conditions to minimize energy consumption per order.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lei Tian, Meng Zhu, Long-Shuai Zhang, Li-Juan Zhou, Jie-Ping Fan, Dai-She Wu, Jian-Ping Zou
Summary: This study identified the role of NaCl electrolyte in the degradation of organic pollutants in the EAOPs system. The presence of NaCl improved the degradation efficiency and the degradation products were influenced by the concentrations of peroxymonosulfate and chloride ions. The formation of chlorine-substituted byproducts can be effectively avoided by adjusting the concentrations of PMS and NaCl.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shotaro Torii, Marie-Helene Corre, Fuminari Miura, Masae Itamochi, Kei Haga, Kazuhiko Katayama, Hiroyuki Katayama, Tamar Kohn
Summary: The study examined the inactivation kinetics of different enterovirus variants by free chlorine and UV irradiation, revealing that the inactivation mechanisms of free chlorine are genotype- and genogroup-dependent, while UV inactivation mainly depends on genomic size and composition. The distribution of inactivation rate constants and the abundance of each genotype are crucial parameters in accurately predicting the overall inactivation of an enterovirus population by free chlorine.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hai Lu, Qingpo Li, Weihao Feng
Summary: Organic pollution poses a significant challenge to environmental protection, and traditional sewage treatment methods are unable to effectively degrade such pollutants. The ozone/UV advanced oxidation process (O-3/UV) is a promising clean and efficient advanced treatment technology that can effectively degrade organic pollutants.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Qiangang Li, Guo-hua Liu, Lu Qi, Hongchen Wang, Guang Xian
Summary: Chlorine-Mediated Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation (Cl-EAO) technology is a promising approach for ammonia removal from wastewater due to its small infrastructure, short processing time, easy operation, high security, and high nitrogen selectivity. This review provides an overview of the ammonia oxidation mechanisms, characteristics, and potential applications of Cl-EAO technology. The study highlights the need for further research on determining the contributions of active chlorine, Cl & BULL;, and ClO & BULL; to ammonia oxidation and the development of more efficient anodes for the Cl-EAO process.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jie Zhang, Yuyin Wang, Yun Wang, Yang Bai, Xin Feng, Jiahua Zhu, Xiaohua Lu, Liwen Mu, Tingzhen Ming, Renaud de Richter, Wei Li
Summary: The paper highlights the urgency to reduce CH4 emissions to limit global warming, emphasizing the need for large-scale methane removal methods. It also discusses the challenges and prospects of solar-driven gas phase advanced oxidation processes for CH4 removal while proposing ideas to help make these processes deployable at a climate significant scale.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chenxi Li, Gang Luo, Yan Liu
Summary: Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) can oxidize Cl- to active inorganic chlorine species (AICS) during wastewater treatment. These AICS can react with organic compounds in wastewater to produce toxic and hazardous chlorinated organic compounds, which are often carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic. This study compared the abilities of electrochemical, ozone, and Fenton AOPs to convert Cl- to AICS. The results showed that electrochemical had the highest conversion efficiency, followed by ozone and Fenton. The findings are significant for selecting suitable AOPs for treating Cl--containing wastewater in practical applications.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yiya Wei, Yang Yang, Baiyang Chen, Bingcheng Yang
Summary: This study proposes a facile and reaction-free method to detect both cyanurate and free chlorine in water using ion chromatography. The method has lower detection limits, is environmentally friendly, and more resistant to alkaline solutions compared to colorimetric methods. The research found trace levels of cyanurate in river water samples, indicating local environmental pollution by CCAs.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
A. Dusart, B. Mertens, E. Van Hoeck, M. Simon, S. Goscinny, S. Collin
Summary: The study developed an effective method for analyzing flavoring substances, identifying and quantifying five suspected genotoxic compounds and two confirmed genotoxic flavoring substances in a selection of ten alcohol-free beers.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Leopold Weidner, Daniel Hemmler, Michael Rychlik, Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
Summary: Mass spectrometry is an effective tool for studying the effects of food processing. A miniaturized setup was developed to monitor aerosols and volatiles online during thermal food processing. The setup offers high resolution and real-time analysis, providing advanced insights into food processing.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jing Hu, Hanjiao Chen, Xiaoming Jiang, Xiandeng Hou
Summary: In this study, it was found that photochemical vapor generation of halides can be achieved in organic-acid-free media, with performance comparable to traditional scenarios using acetic acid. The role of copper acetate complexes in facilitating the generation of halides was highlighted. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to identify methyl halides as principal volatile compounds, and various intermediate species were confirmed using different analytical methods. The method's application in analyzing bottled water and seawater showed spike recoveries between 92 and 101%.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
