Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Chang Liu, Song Feng, Wei Huang
Summary: Changes in soil thermal regimes in cold climates have widespread impacts on various aspects, with the annual freezing and thawing index being a key parameter for estimating permafrost characteristics. This study developed a resampling method to estimate the index using monthly or annual temperature data, which produced more accurate results compared to existing methods. Additionally, results showed substantial changes in freezing and frost indices after the 1970s.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Ying Liao, Yiying Li, Jihui Fan, Majid Galoie, Artemis Motamedi
Summary: This study analyzed the freezing and thawing indices in Tibet using meteorological data from 34 stations. The results showed significant spatial and temporal variations in these indices, with altitude playing a key role in influencing the trends. Altitude was found to have a significant impact on the change of freezing and thawing indices, with indices changing more significantly with increasing altitude.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xin Ma, Tonghua Wu, Xiaofan Zhu, Peiqing Lou, Dong Wang, Saruulzaya Adiya, Dashtseren Avirmed, Battogtokh Dorjgotov, Jie Chen, Chengpeng Shang, Amin Wen, Yune La, Xianhua Wei, Ren Li
Summary: This study investigates the thermal state and changes in the permafrost on the Mongolian Plateau using an improved calculation method. The results reveal rapid warming on the plateau, especially in the permafrost region. This study is important for understanding permafrost changes on the Mongolian Plateau.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Oleg Anisimov, Sergei Zimov
Summary: The study indicates that methane emission in Siberian permafrost regions will increase by less than 20 Tg/year by the mid-21st century, leading to a global temperature rise of less than 0.02 degrees Celsius. This challenges the methane bomb concept and suggests that the feedback between thawing Siberian wetlands and the global climate has been overestimated.
Article
Environmental Sciences
P. W. J. Glover, M. Blouin
Summary: Radon is a natural radioactive gas that accounts for approximately one in 10 lung cancer deaths, with higher death rates in sub-Arctic communities. Permafrost acts as an effective barrier, reducing radon exposure to a tenth of the background level, but thawing of permafrost due to climate change can increase radon levels in buildings with basements. Modeling shows that the increase in radon can remain above the threshold for up to 7 years depending on permafrost depth and thawing speed. This new information highlights the potential health risks of radon exposure as a result of climate change thawing of permafrost in sub-Arctic regions.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chengjie Song, Changlei Dai, Yaqi Gao, Chuang Wang, Miao Yu, Weiming Tu, Minghui Jia, Ruotong Li
Summary: This study analyzed the temporal and spatial trends of multi-year permafrost in Heilongjiang Province and found that the mean air and ground temperatures tended to decrease with altitude and latitude. The study also revealed that the southern boundary of permafrost shifted northwards from the 1970s to the 2010s, and the total area of permafrost decreased over the same period.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Tonghua Wu, Xiaofan Zhu, Pengling Wang, Saruulzaya Adiya, Dashtseren Avirmed, Battogtokh Dorjgotov, Ren Li, Xiaodong Wu, Peiqing Lou
Summary: The QTP and Mongolia have experienced warming trends in air temperature and freezing/thawing index, but the seasonality and spatial distribution of the warming differ.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Avirmed Dashtseren, Khurelbaatar Temuujin, Sebastian Westermann, Altangerel Batbold, Yondon Amarbayasgalan, Dorjgotov Battogtokh
Summary: The study in Mongolia shows significant changes in freezing and thawing indices, with the thawing index increasing more rapidly than the freezing index. This results in a net increase of 2.4 degrees Celsius in air temperature across Mongolia. The increase in thawing index is greater in low latitudes and altitudes, while the increase in freezing index is greater in high latitudes and altitudes.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Joan Nymand Larsen, Peter Schweitzer, Khaled Abass, Natalia Doloisio, Susanna Gartler, Thomas Ingeman-Nielsen, Jon Haukur Ingimundarson, Leneisja Jungsberg, Alexandra Meyer, Arja Rautio, Johanna Scheer, Ulla Timlin, Jean-Paul Vanderlinden, Magali Vullierme
Summary: Thawing permafrost poses significant risks to Arctic coastal communities, emphasizing the importance of dual dimensions of risk and risk perception. Collaboration across disciplines and co-production of risk management with local communities is crucial for identifying and addressing risks effectively.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mariana Kluge, Christian Wurzbacher, Maxime Wauthy, Karina Engelbrecht Clemmensen, Jeffrey Alistair Hawkes, Karolina Einarsdottir, Jan Stenlid, Sari Peura
Summary: This study collected samples from five permafrost sites across the circumpolar Arctic to analyze the DNA of aquatic fungi. The research found that thermokarst activity has an impact on fungal communities, contributing to the recycling of ancient carbon.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hugo Carreno-Luengo, Christopher S. S. Ruf
Summary: This research applies an existing freeze/thaw retrieval algorithm to multiple target areas over several years to demonstrate the ability to provide long term trending of freeze/thaw behavior. Metrics are developed and evaluated to characterize freeze/thaw trends related to global warming, showing the capability of Global Navigation Satellite Systems Reflectometry in studying climate change.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Jin-Tao Li, Huimin Xu, Lettice C. Hicks, Albert C. Brangari, Johannes Rousk
Summary: Climate change is expected to affect soil drying-rewetting (D/RW) and freezing-thawing (F/TW) events, with consequences for microbial activities. Previous research has shown that microbial responses to D/RW can either be resilient or sensitive, but it remains unknown if these responses also occur after F/TW. This study compared microbial responses to D/RW and F/TW and found that both events can induce distinct microbial perturbation responses, with F/TW imposing a similar but less severe stress on soil microorganisms compared to D/RW. However, microbial carbon-use efficiency (CUE) remains stable in response to both types of perturbation.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Alexandra Lavrillier, Semen Gabyshev
Summary: This paper examines the impact of climate change on Indigenous landscape types typical for local river systems, based on Evenki Indigenous Ecological Knowledge and community-based continuous observation. It explores what the Evenki People observe, know, do not know, hypothesize, and model in response to these changes in the environment.
Article
Agronomy
Huai Chen, Xinwei Liu, Dan Xue, Dan Zhu, Wei Zhan, Wei Li, Ning Wu, Gang Yang
Summary: The research found that methane emissions from alpine peatlands are mainly influenced by thawing periods, with warmer and longer thawing periods having a greater impact on the annual methane budget. Daily mean emissions were highest during thawing periods and lowest during frozen periods.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Hong-Yu Xie, Xiao-Wei Jiang, Shu-Cong Tan, Li Wan, Xu-Sheng Wang, Si-Hai Liang, Yijian Zeng
Summary: This study investigates the freezing-induced groundwater level decline in regions with a shallow water table, highlighting the importance of considering freezing-induced water level fluctuations in groundwater migration studies. By combining field observations and numerical modeling, the research reveals the interaction of soil water and groundwater dynamics is influenced by atmospheric conditions and lateral groundwater inflow. The study's findings provide valuable insights for local water resources management in seasonally frozen soils and for future studies on transient groundwater flow in semi-arid and seasonally frozen regions.
HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Francois Costard, Emmanuele Gautier, Pavel Konstantinov, Frederic Bouchard, Antoine Sejourne, Laure Dupeyrat, Alexander Fedorov
Summary: Recent evidence has shown that Arctic regions have warmed at twice the rate of other areas, and that high-latitude permafrost processes are highly responsive to rising temperatures. This study examines the thermal regime of islands in the Lena River floodplain. The results reveal significant heterogeneity in the permafrost conditions of the islands, with younger islands showing less susceptibility to permafrost formation.
PERMAFROST AND PERIGLACIAL PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Hironari Kanamori, Manabu Abe, Hatsuki Fujinami, Tetsuya Hiyama
Summary: This study investigated the impacts of global warming on the trend of summer precipitation over northeastern Eurasia and found that global warming amplified the increase in precipitation in eastern Siberia and strengthened the cyclonic circulation in the region. Additionally, the reduced extent of Arctic sea ice coverage played a role in the precipitation trend in eastern Siberia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Lutz Schirrmeister, Alexander N. Fedorov, Duane Froese, Go Iwahana, Ko van Huissteden, Alexandra Veremeeva
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Alexander I. Kizyakov, Sebastian Wetterich, Frank Guenther, Thomas Opel, Loeka L. Jongejans, Jeremy Courtin, Hanno Meyer, Andrei G. Shepelev, Igor I. Syromyatnikov, Alexander N. Fedorov, Mikhail V. Zimin, Guido Grosse
Summary: Thaw slumps are clear indicators of permafrost degradation, and the Batagay megaslump is the largest known thaw slump on Earth. Research has shown that the morphology of thaw slumps is closely related to the structure and properties of permafrost.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Tetsuya Hiyama, Hotaek Park, Kota Kobayashi, Liudmila Lebedeva, David Gustafsson
Summary: Winter discharge of the Lena River in Russia has increased over the past few decades. This study analyzes the sensitivity of winter discharge to permafrost thawing and changing hydrological processes induced by climate change in the Lena River basin. The results show that the increased winter discharge is associated with climate-change-related enhancement of permafrost thawing and increased net precipitation, which have affected soil hydrological processes and will be further strengthened in the context of global warming.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Ji-Woong Yang, Jinho Ahn, Go Iwahana, Nayeon Ko, Ji-Hoon Kim, Kyungmin Kim, Alexander Fedorov, Sangyoung Han
Summary: Permafrost thawing due to global warming can lead to the release of greenhouse gases, which contributes to further warming. The control mechanisms of greenhouse gases in permafrost ground ice are not fully understood. This study presents new data on CO2, CH4, and N2O in ice wedges in Siberia, revealing a correlation between CH4 and N2O mixing ratios. Microbial metabolism may play a significant role in the observed greenhouse gas patterns.
PERMAFROST AND PERIGLACIAL PROCESSES
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Tomonori Sato, Tetsu Nakamura, Yoshihiro Iijima, Tetsuya Hiyama
Summary: Rapid Arctic warming has led to changes in the regional hydrological cycle, with increased evaporation from the Arctic Ocean leading to higher snowfall in high latitude terrestrial zones. This study shows that the transport of atmospheric moisture from Arctic Ocean evaporation to Siberia has significantly increased in autumn to early winter during the period of substantial sea ice retreat. The enhanced Arctic moisture content has been observed in western Siberia in September, consistent with increased snow cover. Additionally, there has been a sharp increase in the maximum daily amount of Arctic moisture in eastern Siberia during October-December, associated with cyclonic activities along coastal regions. These findings underline the importance of monitoring equatorward moisture transport during snow accumulation seasons, as it could lead to enhanced local snowstorms in the near future.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Studies
Pavel Konstantinov, Nikolai Basharin, Alexander Fedorov, Yoshihiro Iijima, Varvara Andreeva, Valerii Semenov, Nikolai Vasiliev
Summary: This paper presents the results of 30 years of permafrost thermal monitoring in the Tiksi area in the eastern Russian Arctic. The mean annual temperatures at a stone ridge site have increased by 1-2.4 degrees C compared to the first years of observations, with trends of degrees C/yr. The rate of increase has also increased in the last 20 years compared to the first decade of observations. At wet tundra sites in the foothill plain, the mean annual temperatures at the top of permafrost and the active layer thicknesses have also shown an increasing trend.
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Masayuki Kondo, Motoki Sasakawa, Toshinobu Machida, Mikhail Arshinov, Tetsuya Hiyama
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Taro Nakai, Tetsuya Hiyama, Ayumi Kotani, Yoshihiro Iijima, Takeshi Ohta, Trofim C. Maximov
Summary: A simple stochastic representation of spatial variability in thaw depth was proposed in this study. Thaw depth distribution in two larch-type forests in eastern Siberia, Spasskaya Pad and Elgeeii, exhibited different spatial, seasonal, and interannual variability. The year-to-year variation in active-layer thickness was minimal in Spasskaya Pad compared to Elgeeii. The gamma distribution was found to adequately represent the spatial variability in thaw depth at both sites. A simple model using the gamma distribution was developed to illustrate the spatial variability in thaw depth at any thawing stage based on a given mean thaw depth.
PERMAFROST AND PERIGLACIAL PROCESSES
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Guoyu Li, Wei Ma, Fei Wang, Huijun Jin, Alexander Fedorov, Dun Chen, Gang Wu, Yapeng Cao, Yu Zhou, Yanhu Mu, Yuncheng Mao, Jun Zhang, Kai Gao, Xiaoying Jin, Ruixia He, Xinyu Li, Yan Li
Summary: The thermal state of permafrost along the China-Russia crude oil pipeline route has been monitored, and the results show warming trends in the permafrost near the southern limit of latitudinal permafrost. The construction and operation of the pipeline have caused significant permafrost warming and subsequent thawing, but this thawing can be alleviated by adopting mitigative measures. The dataset obtained from this study is valuable for assessing permafrost variability, understanding interactions between buried pipelines and permafrost soils, and evaluating the integrity of the pipeline systems in the future.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Loeka L. Jongejans, Kai Mangelsdorf, Cornelia Karger, Thomas Opel, Sebastian Wetterich, Jeremy Courtin, Hanno Meyer, Alexander Kizyakov, Guido Grosse, Andrei G. Shepelev, Igor I. Syromyatnikov, Alexander N. Fedorov, Jens Strauss
Summary: By analyzing samples from the Batagay megaslump in northeastern Siberia, researchers found differences in biogeochemical signatures between glacial and interglacial periods. Organic matter during glacial periods had a terrestrial character with limited microbial activity, while interglacial periods showed higher decomposition activity. As climate warms, the degradation of permafrost in the region will release deeply buried ancient organic matter, potentially increasing greenhouse gas emissions.
Article
Environmental Studies
Marat Petrov, Alexander N. Fedorov, Pavel Y. Konstantinov, Radomir N. Argunov
Summary: Over the past two decades, there have been significant changes in cryogenic landscapes in Central Yakutia, mainly due to climate warming and anthropogenic disturbances. Forest fires have been found to have a significant impact on permafrost landscapes, but the research shows that permafrost gradually stabilizes over time as forest cover regrows.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Monique M. P. D. Heijmans, Runa Magnusson, Mark J. Lara, Gerald Frost, Isla H. Myers-Smith, Jacobus van Huissteden, M. Torre Jorgenson, Alexander N. Fedorov, Howard E. Epstein, David M. Lawrence, Juul Limpens
Summary: Tundra vegetation in the Arctic responds rapidly to climate change, which can in turn impact permafrost thaw. Local vegetation changes are influenced by permafrost ice content, with woody vegetation increasing in ice-poor uplands and graminoids replacing woody vegetation in ice-rich lowlands. These changes contribute to regional greening trends, but interpretation is complex. Increases in vegetation cover and height mitigate permafrost thaw in summer but increase soil temperatures in winter. Strong vegetation-soil feedbacks currently alleviate thaw-related disturbances, but if the frequency exceeds recovery capacity, irreversible changes to Arctic ecosystems could occur. Field studies integrating ecological and geophysical assessments are crucial in understanding vegetation-soil-permafrost interactions.
NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
