Article
Clinical Neurology
Daniel Engels, Joachim Havla, Stefanie Foerderreuther, Tania Kuempfel
Summary: We report a case of an HIV patient with AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD who experienced bilateral vision loss during the COVID-19 pandemic. Treatment with rituximab was initiated after corticosteroids and plasma exchange, and both NMOSD and HIV disease remained stable. However, the patient showed an insufficient immune response after repeated SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations, leading to a switch in immunotherapy. After reapplication of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, a humoral immune response was observed.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Omri Zveik, Ariel Rechtman, Nitzan Haham, Irit Adini, Tamar Canello, Iris Lavon, Livnat Brill, Adi Vaknin-Dembinsky
Summary: This study found that sera from patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) may cause DNA damage and apoptosis in astrocytes, suggesting a new mechanism in the pathogenesis of NMO and potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Raffaella Pizzolato Umeton, Michael Waltz, Gregory S. Aaen, Leslie Benson, Mark Gorman, Manu Goyal, Jennifer S. Graves, Yolanda Harris, Lauren Krupp, Timothy E. Lotze, Nikita M. Shukla, Soe Mar, Jayne Ness, Mary Rensel, Teri Schreiner, Jan-Mendelt Tillema, Shelly Roalstad, Moses Rodriguez, John Rose, Emmanuelle Waubant, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman, Charles Casper, Tanuja Chitnis
Summary: This retrospective cohort study evaluated cases of children with NMOSD and found that the use of disease-modifying treatments, particularly rituximab, is associated with a lowered annualized relapse rate in children with NMOSD AQP4+.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Valentina Camera, Leah Holm-Mercer, Ali Asgar Hatim Ali, Silvia Messina, Timotej Horvat, Wilhelm Kuker, Maria Isabel Leite, Jacqueline Palace
Summary: Contrary to multiple sclerosis, new remission silent lesions are rare in follow-up scans of MOGAD and AQP4-NMOSD, indicating a high risk of imminent relapse.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jin Myoung Seok, Wanzee Cho, Yeon Hak Chung, Hyunjin Ju, Sung Tae Kim, Joon-Kyung Seong, Ju-Hong Min
Summary: In this study, a deep learning model was developed to differentiate between multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) using brain MRI data. The model achieved an accuracy of 76.1%, with a sensitivity of 77.3% and a specificity of 74.8%. The application of Grad-CAM revealed that white matter lesions were the major classifier. This compact model could be helpful in the clinical diagnosis of MS and NMOSD.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Sara Bagherieh, Alireza Afshari-Safavi, Saeed Vaheb, Mahsa Kiani, Elham Moases Ghaffary, Mahdi Barzegar, Vahid Shaygannejad, Aram Zabeti, Omid Mirmosayyeb
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence and incidence rates of NMOSD/NMO worldwide. The analysis showed that the rates varied and were higher among females. More large-scale studies are needed to fully understand the epidemiological aspects of these conditions.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Elia Sechi, Roberto Zarbo, Maria Angela Biancu, Paola Chessa, Maria Laura Idda, Valeria Orru, Sandra Lai, Stefania Leoni, Paolo Solla
Summary: This article describes an unusual case of a 40-year-old woman with AQP4-IgG-NMOSD who showed prolonged B-cell depletion for nearly five years after a single rituximab reinfusion. In similar rare patients with exceptionally long-lasting B-cell depletion, rituximab reinfusions at fixed pre-planned intervals would result in unnecessary treatment-related risks and health-care expenses.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Huiru Xue, Minghui Wu, Yongle Wang, Yunfei Zhao, Meini Zhang, Hui Zhang
Summary: This study aims to explore the role and molecular basis of circadian rhythms in Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO). The findings indicate that Bmal1 and Clock, essential components of the circadian clock, are significantly decreased in NMO astrocytes. Furthermore, it is suggested that the Cx43-glutamate signaling may be a critical mechanism contributing to the NMO-induced rhythmic damage in astrocytes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Viktoria Papp, Melinda Magyari, Orhan Aktas, Thomas Berger, Simon A. Broadley, Philippe Cabre, Anu Jacob, Jun-ichi Kira, Maria Isabel Leite, Romain Marignier, Katsuichi Miyamoto, Jacqueline Palace, Albert Saiz, Maria Sepulveda, Olafur Sveinsson, Zsolt Illes
Summary: The systematic review of worldwide prevalence, incidence, and demographic characteristics of NMOSD highlighted variations among different geographic areas and ethnicities, with prominent female predominance in adults and peak incidence and prevalence in middle-aged adults. African ethnicity had the highest incidence and prevalence of NMOSD, whereas White ethnicity had the lowest, suggesting the need for further epidemiologic studies to investigate genetic effects and etiologic factors.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Hesham Abboud, Andrea Salazar-Camelo, Naveen George, Sarah M. Planchon, Marcelo Matiello, Maureen A. Mealy, Andrew Goodman
Summary: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders are autoimmune inflammatory conditions that primarily affect the optic nerves, spinal cord, and other areas, leading to recurrent attacks of visual, motor, and sensory dysfunction. While progress has been made in prevention and treatment, the residual disability per attack remains high. Treatment options for NMOSD are limited but can be inferred from therapies used in other diseases.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tai-Han Lin, Po-Chang Hsu, Chia-Cheng Sung, Hung-Hsiang Fang, Chiung-Hsi Tien, Chih-Fen Hu, Po-Wei Wu, Chia-Hsiang Yu, Jhao-Jhuang Ding, Sheng-Yuan Ho, Shyi-Jou Chen
Summary: This study reported a young girl diagnosed with NMOSD presenting with refractory hyponatremia, acute urine retention, and general weakness, improving gradually after immune-modulated treatment. Despite being rare in pediatric cases, NMOSD should be considered in cases of refractory hyponatremia and limb weakness in childhood.
Article
Cell Biology
Yeseul Kim, So Yeon Kim, Sang-Min Han, Rosah May Payumo, Kevin Park, Ha Eun Kim, Su-Hyun Kim, Jae-Won Hyun, Eunjig Lee, Ho Jin Kim
Summary: The study examined B cell subsets in NMOSD patients and found numerical deficiency and functional impairment of CD24(hi)CD38(hi) B cells, which were restored after BCDT treatment. This suggests that both numerical deficiency and impaired regulatory function of CD24(hi)CD38(hi) B cells contribute to the pathophysiology of NMOSD, with function being restored after BCDT.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Daniel Tesfa, Birgitta Sander, Henric Lindkvist, Christer Nilsson, Eva Kimby, Hans Hagglund, Bjorn E. Wahlin, Monika Klimkowska, Jan Palmblad
Summary: Late-onset neutropenia in NHL patients treated with rituximab is related to transient bursts of blood G-CSF and BAFF concentrations, suggesting a role for these growth factors in the emergence of LON, with inflammation potentially triggering G-CSF production during LON.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Michael Levy, Kazuo Fujihara, Jacqueline Palace
Summary: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder is a rare autoimmune disease affecting the CNS, with recent trials showing benefits of new therapies in preventing future attacks. However, differences in efficacy, safety, tolerability, and practical considerations of these therapies may impact their use in real-world populations of patients. Future research should focus on unmet needs, including aquaporin-4 seronegative disease and treatments for acute relapses and recovery from autoimmune attacks in the CNS.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Farrah J. Mateen, Cristina Trapaga M. Hacker
Summary: This study convened three focus groups via Zoom online, involving 20 working age adults with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in the USA, to discuss the impact of NMOSD on employment. The study identified barriers to employment including visible and invisible symptoms, burden of treatment, and time to diagnosis, as well as the impact of COVID-19 on employment, income, new and future employment and higher education opportunities, and unmet needs that can be pragmatically addressed outside of major policy or scientific changes.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zahra Ghadimi Korka, Shohreh Noorizadeh Dehkordi, Soheil Mansour Sohani, Marzieh Yassin
Summary: The Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) in Persian has been found to be a relevant and reliable tool for assessing trunk abnormalities in Persian-speaking people with multiple sclerosis (PWMS).
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2024)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Daniele Caliendo, Maria Carmela Grassia, Antonio Carotenuto, Maria Petracca, Roberta Lanzillo, Vincenzo Brescia Morra, Marcello Moccia
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maddalena Sparaco, Elisabetta Maida, Floriana Bile, Renato Vele, Luigi Lavorgna, Giuseppina Miele, Simona Bonavita
Summary: The SDQ was translated into Italian and validated for use in pwMS to detect swallowing disturbances. The 14-item SDQ demonstrated high internal consistency, good accuracy, and reliability in pwMS, making it a readily applicable tool for investigating dysphagia in MS.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Leticia Rodrigues Gomes, Benito Pereira Damasceno, Brunno Machado de Campos, Alfredo Damasceno
Summary: This study found that patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have more frequent work restrictions and impairment in money management and driving abilities compared to controls. Cognitive function, physical disability, and MS lesion burden are strongly associated with work restrictions, and social cognition can influence financial capacity. Cognitive and brain reserve can help retain some of these daily occupations.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2024)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Kaitlin E. Riegler, John Beauvais, Lindsay O. Neto, Elizabeth S. Gromisch
Summary: This study examined the differences in resilience levels among individuals with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) who had sleep disorders, sleep problems, and no sleep disorders/problems. The results showed that PwMS with sleep disorders had significantly lower resilience, with the difference being driven by the support from family and friends. These findings highlight the connection between sleep and resilience in PwMS, emphasizing the importance of social support.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
A. Maunula, S. Atula, Sm Laakso, Pj Tienari
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the frequency and risk factors of FTY rebound in a hospital district in Southern Finland. The results showed that 10.5% of patients experienced a rebound, and 28% of patients had relapses of any severity after discontinuing FTY. Younger age at diagnosis, longer exposure to FTY, lower lymphocyte count, and higher neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio after discontinuation were identified as risk factors for a rebound.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2024)
