Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tong-Yao You, Qiang Dong, Mei Cui
Summary: Brain microvascular pericytes play a vital role in regulating cerebral blood flow and their dysfunction may lead to cognitive decline. This review summarizes their characteristics and proposes a two-hit hypothesis that highlights the targeting of pericytes in cerebral blood flow dysregulation with neurological challenges.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tong-Yao You, Qiang Dong, Mei Cui
Summary: This review summarizes the characteristics of brain microvascular pericytes in regulating cerebral blood flow and outlines a two-hit hypothesis framework in cognitive decline, emphasizing the role of pericytes as targets of cerebral blood flow dysregulation.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Marina Maffoni, Antonia Pierobon, Cira Fundaro
Summary: This paper proposes a new screening tool called MASCoD, with English and Italian versions, and explores its preliminary adoption on a pilot sample. The tool shows promise in helping professionals make differential diagnosis and predict the risk of developing severe cognitive impairment over time, allowing for personalized care. It is brief, easily embeddable in usual clinical assessment, and can be administered by different professionals.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Zahinoor Ismail, Alexander McGirr, Sascha Gill, Sophie Hu, Nils D. Forkert, Eric E. Smith
Summary: The study showed that individuals with both MBI and SCD had the highest risk of cognitive and functional decline, suggesting that these two conditions combined can serve as a simple and scalable method to identify high-risk patients.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Lidan Zheng, Fiona E. Matthews, Kaarin J. Anstey
Summary: This study found that cardiovascular diseases are associated with a decrease in lifespan and cognitive impairment-free life expectancy, with stroke patients having the shortest lifespan and cognitive impairment-free life expectancy. Analysis of multiple cardiovascular risk factors revealed that each additional cardiovascular condition was exponentially linked to a decrease in lifespan and cognitive impairment-free life expectancy.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ran Li, Jiawei Geng, Runze Yang, Yumeng Ge, Therese Hesketh
Summary: This systematic review suggests that computerized cognitive training (CCT) interventions could improve global cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), although the evidence is still limited. More comprehensive trials are needed to evaluate the impact of CCT on cognitive decline, especially in the longer term, and to determine whether CCT should be recommended for use in clinical practice.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neuroimaging
Ying Xia, Eamonn Eeles, Jurgen Fripp, Donna Pinsker, Paul Thomas, Melissa Latter, Vincent Dore, Amir Fazlollahi, Pierrick Bourgeat, Victor L. Villemagne, Elizabeth J. Coulson, Stephen Rose
Summary: The dysfunction of the cholinergic basal forebrain neurotransmitter system has been found to play an important role in cognitive decline and dementia. A study used a validated method to directly measure cholinergic terminal integrity and investigated its value for assessing cholinergic denervation in the cortex and associated cognitive deficits. The results showed that there was a significant global reduction of cholinergic terminal integrity in the cortex of participants with mild cognitive impairment compared to cognitively unimpaired controls. The study also found correlations between the cholinergic terminal integrity and brain volumes, but no association with amyloid-beta status. The findings suggest the potential of using this method for early detection of cholinergic dysfunction in dementia.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Chetan Ahire, Adam Nyul-Toth, Jordan DelFavero, Rafal Gulej, Janet A. Faakye, Stefano Tarantini, Tamas Kiss, Anna Kuan-Celarier, Priya Balasubramanian, Anna Ungvari, Amber Tarantini, Raghavendra Nagaraja, Feng Yan, Qinggong Tang, Peter Mukli, Tamas Csipo, Andriy Yabluchanskiy, Judith Campisi, Zoltan Ungvari, Anna Csiszar
Summary: Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (chemobrain) is a common side effect in cancer survivors treated with paclitaxel. This study investigates the hypothesis that paclitaxel induces endothelial senescence, which impairs microvascular function and contributes to cognitive decline.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Wenwen Xu, Jiang Rao, Yu Song, Shanshan Chen, Chen Xue, Guanjie Hu, Xingjian Lin, Jiu Chen
Summary: This study identified abnormal patterns of basal nucleus of Meynert (BNM) functional connectivity in the spectrum of early Alzheimer's disease (AD) and found that these alterations are closely related to cognitive domains. The findings provide a new perspective for identifying the early disease spectrum of AD and support the role of the cholinergic theory in AD.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hanan Ehtewish, Abdelilah Arredouani, Omar El-Agnaf
Summary: The underlying mechanisms linking type 2 diabetes to cognitive dysfunction are still unclear, but may include factors such as hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and neuroinflammation. Risk factors for dementia in diabetes patients include aging, poor glycemic control, hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic episodes, depression, and vascular complications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yi Qu, Jiangting Li, Yupeng Chen, Jingyi Li, Qixiong Qin, Danlei Wang, Jingwei Zhao, Qingmei Yang, Zhijuan Mao, Yongjie Xiong, Zhe Min, Zheng Xue
Summary: This study investigated the association between freezing of gait (FOG) and cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) using multiple neuropsychological tests. The results showed that patients with FOG had worse cognitive performances compared to those without FOG, and progressive FOG was associated with more serious cognitive decline. FOG was mainly associated with declines in executive function, attention, and orientation, and was also associated with higher levels of cognition-related biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alison R. Huang, George W. Rebok, Bonnielin K. Swenor, Nicholas Reed, Michael Griswold, Xiaoqian Zhu, Jennifer A. Deal
Summary: The study found that older adults with dual sensory impairment had the most accelerated decline in memory, indicating a higher risk for cognitive decline.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Binyin Li, Huidong Tang, Guiying He, Zhijia Jin, Yixi He, Pei Huang, Naying He, Shengdi Chen
Summary: Cognitive training combined with Tai Chi has positive effects on delaying mild cognitive impairment (MCI) progression to dementia. Prolonged mixed training further delays decline in global cognition and memory. Functional magnetic resonance imaging shows increased regional activity in both cognitive training and Tai Chi group.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maud M. van Dinther, Astrid E. Hooghiemstra, Esther Bron, Adriaan E. Versteeg, Anna Leeuwis, Tugba E. Kalay, Justine Moonen, Sanne H. Kuipers, Walter Backes, Jacobus F. A. Jansen, Mathias J. P. van Osch, Geert-Jan Biessels, Julie J. Staals, Robert van Oostenbrugge, Heart-Brain Connection consortium
Summary: Impaired cerebral blood flow (CBF) at baseline is associated with faster cognitive decline in VCI and normal aging. Our results suggest that low CBF precedes and contributes to the development of vascular cognitive impairment. CBF determined by ASL might be used as a biomarker to monitor disease progression or treatment responses in VCI.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Nabeel Kinattingal, Seema Mehdi, Krishna Undela, Shahid Ud Din Wani, Mansour Almuqbil, Sultan Alshehri, Faiyaz Shakeel, Mohammad T. Imam, Santhepete N. Manjula
Summary: The research aimed to study the prevalence of cognitive impairment in diabetes mellitus patients and emphasized the importance of early detection and treatment. The study examined diabetic and non-diabetic subjects using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment tool and found that diabetic patients had significantly lower cognitive scores. The study suggested a high prevalence of cognitive impairment in the local T2DM population in Mysuru, India, and recommended further research on cognitive function in diabetic patients across different regions and ethnic groups.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jaffar Al-Sheikhli, Ian Patchett, Ven Gee Lim, Leeann Marshall, Will Foster, Michael Kuehl, Shamil Yusuf, Sandeep Panikker, Kiran Patel, Faizel Osman, Prithwish Banerjee, Nicolas Lellouche, Tarvinder Dhanjal
Summary: The feasibility study of using the DiamondTemp ablation (DTA) catheter system for ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation in ischaemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) patients showed significant improvements in patient condition and clinical outcomes.
JOURNAL OF INTERVENTIONAL CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andrew Smyth, Martin O'Donnell, Sumathy Rangarajan, Graeme J. Hankey, Shahram Oveisgharan, Michelle Canavan, Clodagh McDermott, Denis Xavier, Hongye Zhang, Albertino Damasceno, Alvaro Avezum, Nana Pogosova, Aytekin Oguz, Danuta Ryglewicz, Helle Klingenberg Iversen, Fernando Lanas, Annika Rosengren, Salim Yusuf, Peter Langhorne
Summary: This study examined the association between alcohol consumption and stroke in a large international population. It found that high and moderate alcohol intake increased the odds of stroke, while low intake was not associated with stroke. However, there were regional variations in the relationship.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Andre Lamy, John Eikelboom, Wesley Tong, Fei Yuan, Shrikant Bangdiwala, Jackie Bosch, Stuart Connolly, Eva Lonn, Gilles R. Dagenais, Kelley R. H. Branch, Wei-Jhih Wang, Deepak L. Bhatt, Jeff Probstfield, Georg Ertl, Stefan Stoerk, P. Gabriel Steg, Victor Aboyans, Isabelle Durand-Zaleski, Lars Ryden, Salim Yusuf
Summary: The addition of rivaroxaban 2.5 mg BID to aspirin in patients with stable coronary artery disease or peripheral artery disease was found to reduce direct healthcare costs. In Canada, France, and Germany, the combination of rivaroxaban and aspirin was highly cost-effective in terms of lifetime cost-effectiveness.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-QUALITY OF CARE AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mahshid Dehghan, Andrew Mente, Sumathy Rangarajan, Viswanathan Mohan, Sumathi Swaminathan, Alvaro Avezum, Scott A. Lear, Annika Rosengren, Paul Poirier, Fernando Lanas, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Biju Soman, Chuangshi Wang, Andres Orlandini, Noushin Mohammadifard, Khalid F. AlHabib, Jephat Chifamba, Afzal Hussein Yusufali, Romaina Iqbal, Rasha Khatib, Karen Yeates, Thandi Puoane, Yuksel Altuntas, Homer Uy Co, Sidong Li, Weida Liu, Katarzyna Zatonska, Rita Yusuf, Noorhassim Ismail, Victoria Miller, Salim Yusuf
Summary: This study found that higher intake of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) is associated with increased risk of mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a diverse multinational cohort. The results showed that a diet high in UPFs is related to higher risk of total mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and non-cardiovascular mortality, but not major CVD events.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Fei Yuan, Jackie Bosch, John Eikelboom, Gilles R. Dagenais, Stuart Connolly, Jane Belanger, Tamara Marsden, Cissy Tang, Balakumar Swaminathan, Martin Renters, Leanne Dyal, Shrikant Bangdiwala
Summary: The article introduces an automated event adjudication system that assists in the review and confirmation of outcomes in clinical trials. The system has been successfully applied in two trials and has shown to reduce the time required for human review.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jean-Francois Yale, Aude Roborel de Climens, Naresh Aggarwal, Terry Dex, Hertzel C. C. Gerstein, Stewart Harris, Irene Hramiak, John Stewart, Lawrence A. A. Leiter
Summary: For individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus who do not reach their target glycated hemoglobin A1C levels with basal insulin therapy, additional treatment with a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) may be necessary. This study examined the ease of transitioning from insulin glargine 100 U/ml to the fixed-ratio combination (FRC) therapy iGlarLixi. The results showed that both patients and healthcare professionals found the iGlarLixi SoloStar pen easy to use and would recommend it to others, indicating a consensus on the simplicity of transitioning to iGlarLixi.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kelley R. H. Branch, Jeffrey L. Probstfield, Jackie Bosch, Deepak L. Bhatt, Aldo P. Maggioni, Eva Muehlhofer, Alvaro Avezum, Petr Widimsky, Stuart J. Connolly, Quilong Yi, Olga Shestakovska, Salim Yusuf, John W. Eikelboom
Summary: Low dose rivaroxaban with aspirin significantly reduces cardiovascular events compared with aspirin alone in patients with cardiovascular disease.
AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mohammad Qadura, Muzammil H. Syed, Sonia Anand, Jackie Bosch, Stuart Connolly, Victor Aboyans, Eva Muehlhofer, Salim Yusuf, John Eikelboom
Summary: This study investigated the predictive value of interarm difference in systolic blood pressure (IAD) in patients with chronic coronary artery disease or peripheral artery disease, as well as the efficacy of treatment with rivaroxaban plus aspirin versus aspirin alone. The results showed that measuring IAD did not have significant utility for risk stratification in patients with established vascular disease.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ying Wang, MyLinh Duong, Michael Brauer, Sumathy Rangarajan, Antonio Dans, Fernando Lanas, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Thandi Puoane, Karen Yeates, Jephat Chifamba, Rita Yusuf, Zhiguang Liu, Yang Li, Lap Ah Tse, Deepa Mohan, Rajeev Gupta, Sanjeev Nair, P. V. M. Lakshmi, Romaina Iqbal, Taniya Anto, Salim Yusuf, Perry Hystad
Summary: This study examines the association between household air pollution (HAP) from solid fuel cooking and respiratory health. It finds that using solid fuels is associated with lower lung function and an increased risk of respiratory diseases and mortality. However, switching from solid fuels to clean fuels can improve lung function and decrease the risk of respiratory events.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
(2023)
Letter
Surgery
Shirley Jansen, Martin Teraa, Noel Chan, Jackie Bosch, Gert J. de Borst, Robert Hinchliffe
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ruoting Wang, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Harriette G. C. Van Spall, Gregory Y. H. Lip, Ivan Olier, Sandra Ortega-Martorell, Lehana Thabane, Zebing Ye, Guowei Li
Summary: This study found a significant association between calculated remnant cholesterol (RC) and risk of heart failure (HF) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Elevated RC levels were associated with an increased risk of HF, highlighting the importance of RC management in patients with DM for HF risk management.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-QUALITY OF CARE AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Andrew Mente, Mahshid Dehghan, Sumathy Rangarajan, Martin O'Donnell, Weihong Hu, Gilles Dagenais, Andreas Wielgosz, Scott A. Lear, Li Wei, Rafael Diaz, Alvaro Avezum, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Fernando Lanas, Sumathi Swaminathan, Manmeet Kaur, K. Vijayakumar, Viswanathan Mohan, Rajeev Gupta, Andrzej Szuba, Romaina Iqbal, Rita Yusuf, Noushin Mohammadifard, Rasha Khatib, Nafiza Mat Nasir, Kubilay Karsidag, Annika Rosengren, Afzalhussein Yusufali, Edelweiss Wentzel-Viljoen, Jephat Chifamba, Antonio Dans, Khalid F. Alhabib, Karen Yeates, Koon Teo, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Salim Yusuf
Summary: A healthy diet score based on fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes, fish, and whole-fat dairy is associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke in a global population. This score exhibits stronger associations with death or CVD compared to other common diet scores.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Darryl P. Leong, Philip Joseph, John J. Mcmurray, Jean Rouleau, Aldo P. Maggioni, Fernando Lanas, Sanjib K. Sharma, Julio Nunez, Bishav Mohan, Ahmet Celik, Jabir Abdullakutty, Okechukwu S. Ogah, Lisa M. Mielniczuk, Kumar Balasubramanian, Tara Mccready, Alex Grinvalds, Salim Yusuf, G CHF Investigators
Summary: Frailty has incremental prognostic importance in predicting death and HF hospitalization in HF populations, beyond conventional prognostic variables. This relationship is consistent across countries at all income levels.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ruoting Wang, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Harriette G. C. Van Spall, Gregory Y. H. Lip, Ivan Olier, Sandra Ortega-Martorell, Lehana Thabane, Zebing Ye, Guowei Li
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-QUALITY OF CARE AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hertzel C. Gerstein, Rajibul Mian, Chinthanie Ramasundarahettige, Kelley R. H. Branch, Stefano Del Prato, Carolyn S. P. Lam, Renato D. Lopes, Richard Pratley, Julio Rosenstock, Naveed Sattar
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the incidence of MACE and composite kidney outcome across eGFR and UACR levels, and to determine whether efpeglenatide's effect varies with these indices. The results showed that eGFR, UACR, and KDIGO category have different relationships to incident cardiovascular and kidney outcomes, and the beneficial effect of efpeglenatide on these outcomes is independent of kidney-related risk category.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)