Article
Immunology
Javier A. Villafuerte Galvez, Nira R. Pollock, Carolyn D. Alonso, Xinhua Chen, Hua Xu, Lamei Wang, Nicole White, Alice Banz, Mark Miller, Kaitlyn Daugherty, Anne J. Gonzalez-Luna, Caitlin Barrett, Rebecca Sprague, Kevin W. Garey, Ciaran P. Kelly
Summary: Clostridioides difficile diagnostics cannot reliably distinguish infection from colonization. Stool IL-1 beta, a proinflammatory cytokine, can accurately differentiate CDI from asymptomatic carriage and non-CDI diarrhea, making it a promising biomarker for CDI diagnosis. Significant positive correlations exist between stool toxins and stool IL-1 beta in CDI but not in asymptomatic carriers.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yao-Wen Cheng, Dana Alhaffar, Srishti Saha, Sahil Khanna, Matthew Bohm, Emmalee Phelps, Marwan Ghabril, Eric Orman, Sagi Sashidhar, Nicholas Rogers, Huiping Xu, Alexander Khoruts, Byron Vaughn, Dina Kao, Karen Wong, Giovanni Cammarota, Gianluca Ianiro, Tanvi Dhere, Colleen S. Kraft, Nirja Mehta, Michael H. Woodworth, Jessica R. Allegretti, Lotem Nativ, Jenna Marcus, Najwa El-Nachef, Monika Fischer
Summary: The study found that FMT was safe and effective in treating CDI in patients with cirrhosis, with a success rate of 85.7%. Risk factors for FMT failure in these patients included the use of non-CDI antibiotics, severe Child-Pugh scores, and probiotic use. The rate of FMT-related adverse events was 33.3%, but severe adverse events were rare and not associated with infection or death.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
R. A. Pomares Bascunana, V. Veses, C. C. Sheth
Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective and safe treatment for Clostridioides difficile diarrhea. However, administration of FMT via colonoscopy may lead to more adverse effects. Comparisons between different administration routes show that FMT delivered through oral capsules is more statistically significantly effective in treatment efficacy.
LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Maureen A. Carey, Gregory L. Medlock, Masud Alam, Mamun Kabir, Md Jashim Uddin, Uma Nayak, Jason Papin, A. S. G. Faruque, Rashidul Haque, William A. Petri, Carol A. Gilchrist
Summary: By studying the gut microbiome composition of 72 infants, it was found that the microbiome composition was associated with diarrheal symptoms, particularly the low abundance of Megasphaera. The observation suggests that the gut microenvironment may play a role in determining the severity of Cryptosporidium infection.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Kyaw Min Tun, Mark Hsu, Kavita Batra, Chun-Han Lo, Tooba Laeeq, Tahne Vongsavath, Salman Mohammed, Annie S. Hong
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the safety and efficacy of FMT for C. difficile infection in pediatric and adolescent patients. The success rate of FMT was 86% in the overall cohort, with low rates of adverse events. Therefore, FMT is considered an effective and safe therapy, but caution should be taken when selecting donors.
Review
Microbiology
Zahra Dossaji, Adam Khattak, Kyaw Min Tun, Mark Hsu, Kavita Batra, Annie S. S. Hong
Summary: There is a high prevalence of gastrointestinal-related symptoms among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and these symptoms are associated with the severity of behavioral symptoms. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a potential therapeutic strategy for addressing gut microbiome dysregulation in pediatric patients with ASD. A systematic review found that FMT led to significant improvements in both behavioral and gastrointestinal symptoms in these patients. These findings suggest that FMT holds promise as an intervention for treating pediatric patients with autism.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kelsey E. Huus, Marcin Frankowski, Maja Pucic-Bakovic, Frano Vuckovic, Gordan Lauc, Benjamin H. Mullish, Julian R. Marchesi, Tanya M. Monaghan, Dina Kao, B. Brett Finlay
Summary: This study found that IgA-bacterial interactions are reestablished in human FMT recipients to resemble that of the healthy fecal donor. The data suggests that the IgA-bacterial interactions are influenced by the bacterial species and the fecal donor identity in the FMT recipients.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Srishti Saha, Kristin Mara, Darrell S. Pardi, Sahil Khanna
Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is highly effective for treating recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) and appears to be safe. Common symptoms during short-term follow-up include diarrhea and constipation, while long-term follow-up revealed new diagnoses that should be further explored in future studies.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Makan Golizeh, Kaitlin Winter, Lucie Roussel, Marija Landekic, Melanie Langelier, Vivian G. Loo, Momar Ndao, Donald C. Vinh
Summary: This study aimed to discover host-derived fecal biomarkers associated with the severity of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). The researchers identified A2MG, MMP-7, and A1AT as biomarkers in patients with CDI, which may define novel components of the host response that determine disease severity. In a mouse model, these biomarkers were also identified, highlighting their potential relevance in understanding CDI severity.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Krishna Vedala, Philip Sobash, Parth Shah, Gilbert-Roy Kamoga
Summary: Clostridioides difficile infection imposes a significant economic burden in inpatient and rural settings. Fecal Microbiota Transplant, although limited by guidelines and resources, has been shown to save an average of $11,603.49 per patient after the first recurrence of CDI. Our study suggests that utilizing FMT in rural hospitals for recurrent CDI treatment could be economically beneficial.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Justin Chen, Amanda Zaman, Bharat Ramakrishna, Scott W. Olesen
Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is recommended for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection and other microbiota-mediated indications. Stool banks play a key role in centralized donor screening and material preparation to improve access to safe and quality FMT material. Real-world data from a large stool bank in 2018 showed a high volume of stool donations processed into FMT preparations, with an average donor activity of 5.8 months and a median time of 8.9 months from manufacturing to shipment to hospitals or physicians. Further sharing of knowledge can help refine stool banking guidelines and best practices.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Abbas Hatim Rupawala, Darrel Gachette, Mena Bakhit, Lanre Jimoh, Colleen R. Kelly
Summary: The study found that serial fecal microbiota transplant may not always be effective in patients with severe or complicated Clostridoides difficile infection unresponsive to standard antibiotic therapy, and may lead to serious adverse events.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Qiaomai Xu, Shumeng Zhang, Jiazheng Quan, Zhengjie Wu, Silan Gu, Yunbo Chen, Beiwen Zheng, Longxian Lv, Lanjuan Li
Summary: Vancomycin is the preferred treatment for CDI but has a high recurrence rate. FMT has emerged as a successful treatment for recurrent CDI. Our study suggests that FMT can better restore gut microbiota and metabolites, promoting the recovery of colonization resistance in mice compared to vancomycin.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Prashant Singh, Eric J. Alm, John M. Kelley, Vivian Cheng, Mark Smith, Zain Kassam, Judy Nee, Johanna Iturrino, Anthony Lembo
Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation is an effective strategy to correct microbial dysbiosis in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. For patients with IBS-D, FMT with antibiotic pretreatment significantly reduces bacterial engraftment.
Article
Surgery
Lisa T. Zhang, Lars F. Westblade, Fatima Iqbal, Michael R. Taylor, Alice Chung, Michael J. Satlin, Matthew Magruder, Emmanuel Edusei, Shady Albakry, Brittany Botticelli, Amy Robertson, Tricia Alston, Darshana M. Dadhania, Michelle Lubetzky, Simon A. Hirota, Steven C. Greenway, John R. Lee
Summary: The study found that kidney transplant recipients with post-transplant diarrhea had decreased gut microbial diversity and decreased relative gut abundances of 12 genera. Additionally, patients with higher fecal beta-glucuronidase activity in diarrhea patients had a more prolonged course of diarrhea. This suggests that fecal beta-glucuronidase activity could be a novel biomarker for gastrointestinal-related MMF toxicity.
CLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION
(2021)
