Review
Pediatrics
Jie Chen, Guoshan Bi, Fei Wu, Xiao Qin
Summary: This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in pediatric venous thromboembolism (PVTE) through a meta-analysis of randomized control trials. The results suggest that DOACs can reduce the risk of recurrent VTE compared to standard anticoagulation, with similar mortality rates and lower major bleeding risk. However, there is a higher risk of clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding. Dabigatran and rivaroxaban show similar effects in PVTE treatment.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Orthopedics
Jay R. Lieberman, Jennifer A. Bell
Summary: The selection of VTE prophylaxis drugs aims to prevent symptomatic VTE while minimizing the risk of bleeding, with aspirin becoming increasingly popular due to its effectiveness and lack of monitoring requirements. However, the true efficacy of aspirin still needs to be further studied.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Runze Song, Ruisheng Qu, Yu Wang, Dong Zhou, Anping Zhang
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban and dabigatran etexilate in preventing venous thromboembolism after joint replacement through a randomized controlled trial. The results will provide important clinical evidence for decision-making.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hyun-Jung Lee, Hyung-Kwan Kim, Bong-Sung Kim, Kyung-Do Han, Jun-Bean Park, Heesun Lee, Seung-Pyo Lee, Yong-Jin Kim
Summary: In patients on oral anticoagulant and PPI co-therapy, NOACs were associated with a lower risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and mortality compared to warfarin, while there was no difference among the oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Daniele Pastori, Danilo Menichelli, Francesco Del Sole, Pasquale Pignatelli, Francesco Violi
Summary: The study found that the use of DOACs is associated with a lower risk of MACE in patients with atrial fibrillation regardless of dosage. This association was consistent in younger patients, those with anemia, and patients without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure. Both dabigatran and apixaban/rivaroxaban were found to be associated with a lower rate of MACE, with similar efficacy between full and low doses.
MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Wayne A. Ray, Cecilia P. Chung, C. Michael Stein, Walter Smalley, Eli Zimmerman, William D. Dupont, Adriana M. Hung, James R. Daugherty, Alyson Dickson, Katherine T. Murray
Summary: This cohort study found that in Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 or older with atrial fibrillation, treatment with rivaroxaban compared with apixaban was associated with a significantly increased risk of major ischemic or hemorrhagic events.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Maha H. Haqqani, Scott R. Levin, Jeffrey A. Kalish, Tejal S. Brahmbhatt, Aaron P. Richman, Jeffrey J. Siracuse, Alik Farber, Douglas W. Jones
Summary: Iliocaval injuries in penetrating abdominal trauma are associated with higher rates of severe injury patterns, VTE, and mortality, regardless of repair type, survivors should be considered high risk for developing VTE.
ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Charles D. Logan, Matthew T. Hudnall, Cary Jo R. Schlick, Dustin D. French, Brian Bartle, Dominic Vitello, Hiten D. Patel, Lauren M. Woldanski, Daniel E. Abbott, Ryan P. Merkow, David D. Odell, David J. Bentrem
Summary: This study aimed to determine the rate of VTE after cancer surgery and the adherence to chemoprophylaxis in both inpatient and outpatient settings within the VHA.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Junayd Hussain, Haris Imsirovic, Mark Canney, Edward G. Clark, Meghan J. Elliott, Pietro Ravani, Peter Tanuseputro, Ayub Akbari, Gregory L. Hundemer, Tim Ramsay, Navdeep Tangri, Greg A. Knoll, Manish M. Sood
Summary: This study found that subclinical reductions in kidney function in young adults are associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. The relative risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and MACE plus heart failure (MACE+) was higher in young adults with eGFR below age-expected values. Age-appropriate risk stratification, proactive monitoring, and timely intervention are warranted.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Leonardo R. Brandao, Igor Tartakovsky, Manuela Albisetti, Jacqueline Halton, Lisa Bomgaars, Elizabeth Chalmers, Matteo Luciani, Paola Saracco, Judy Felgenhauer, Olga Lvova, Monika Simetzberger, Zhichao Sun, Lesley G. Mitchell
Summary: In the DIVERSITY trial, dabigatran treatment for 3 months was found to be as effective as standard of care for acute venous thromboembolism in children, and up to 12 months of dabigatran use showed favorable safety in a secondary prevention study. This suggests that dabigatran could be a suitable long-term anticoagulant for children with thrombophilia.
Review
Economics
Yan Li, Pingyu Chen, Xintian Wang, Qian Peng, Shixia Xu, Aixia Ma, Hongchao Li
Summary: This study reviewed the existing economic evaluations of novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and summarized the evidence and methods applied. The results showed that NOACs may be more cost-effective than vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in patients with AF, especially in high-income countries. However, in middle- and low-income countries, VKAs may be more cost-effective. The reporting quality of the included studies varied, and there were certain methodological issues.
APPLIED HEALTH ECONOMICS AND HEALTH POLICY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Daniel L. Clarke-Pearson, Emma L. Barber, Lisa M. Landrum
Summary: VTE, consisting of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, remains a leading cause of death in postoperative and hospitalized patients despite advances in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Chronic conditions such as postthrombotic syndrome, venous insufficiency, and pulmonary hypertension may result from VTE.
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christopher R. Panetta, Thomas Curran
Summary: A 70-year-old man with obesity and diabetes mellitus is discharged on postoperative day 3 after undergoing total neoadjuvant therapy and robotic low anterior resection with diverting loop ileostomy for a locally advanced distal rectal cancer. Extended pharmacologic venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis with 40-mg enoxaparin (low molecular weight heparin) daily is prescribed for 4 weeks. His ileostomy is reversed at 8 weeks.
DISEASES OF THE COLON & RECTUM
(2022)
Review
Pediatrics
Julie Jaffray, Guy Young
Summary: With the increasing incidence of thromboembolism in children and improvement in management for patients with medically complex diseases, there is a need for expanded availability of safe and effective anticoagulant medications. Direct oral anticoagulants provide an alternative and potentially safer choice for children, as they are available in oral formulations and do not require drug monitoring. The approval of direct factor Xa inhibitor, rivaroxaban, and direct thrombin inhibitor, dabigatran, is changing the field of paediatric anticoagulation.
LANCET CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Noam Shohat, Leanne Ludwick, Graham S. Goh, Matthew Sherman, Joseph Paladino, Javad Parvizi
Summary: This retrospective study found a significant association between blood transfusions and the risk of VTE following total joint arthroplasty, particularly with symptomatic PE events. Surgeons should take note of this risk and take measures in the perioperative period to avoid blood transfusions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
