Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Janet C. Long, Mitchell N. Sarkies, Emilie Francis Auton, Hoa Mi Nguyen, Chiara Pomare, Rebecca Hardwick, Jeffrey Braithwaite
Summary: This study reviewed the implementation strategies used in large-scale hospital initiatives and proposed initial program theories for how they worked across different contexts. The results showed that large-scale hospital initiatives were characterized by a top-down approach, external and internal support, and the use of evidence-based interventions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Omar Said, Amr Tolba
Summary: A proposed IoT-enabled healthcare architecture is introduced in this paper, enabling smart cooperation between medical devices and improving the efficiency of the entire medical system. Performance evaluation using NS3 shows that this architecture outperforms traditional healthcare systems.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Edmond Ramly, Reid Parks, Theresa Fishler, James H. Ford, David Zimmerman, Susan Nordman-Oliveira
Summary: This study developed and evaluated a proposed model for large-scale data-driven quality improvement in assisted living. The model has been voluntarily implemented by 810 Wisconsin-licensed assisted living communities, and the evaluation showed positive outcomes in terms of appropriateness, acceptability, adoption, feasibility, fidelity, penetration, and sustainability. The study findings suggest a promising path and future directions for wider implementation.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sarah E. J. Moon, Anne Hogden, Kathy Eljiz, Nazlee Siddiqui
Summary: This study aims to examine the sustainability of two large-scale initiatives in an Australian tertiary hospital and translate the lessons into strategies for achieving sustained improvement from large-scale change in hospital settings. The study employs a single-site, multiple-case study design to evaluate the initiatives separately and comparatively using mixed methods. The findings will have implications for practice and contribute to the theoretical understandings for achieving meaningful and longer-term organizational improvement in patient safety and quality.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Keijiro Suzuki, Ryotaro Konoike, Hiroyuki Matsuura, Ryosuke Matsumoto, Takashi Inoue, Shu Namiki, Hitoshi Kawashima, Kazuhiro Ikeda
Summary: In this paper, we present our recent results on multi-port strictly non-blocking optical switches based on silicon photonics. These switches are essential for future data centers that need to process large amounts of data efficiently. We have demonstrated switching, all-paths transmission, and fully-loaded operation of up to 32 input ports x 32 output ports silicon photonics switches. However, challenges remain in achieving polarization insensitivity and broadband operation.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Tsung-lin Hsieh, Bosong Zhang, Wenchang Yang, Gabriel A. Vecchi, Ming Zhao, Brian J. Soden, Chenggong Wang
Summary: The response of tropical cyclone frequency to sea surface warming is uncertain in climate models. The anomalies of large-scale atmospheric radiation in response to climate change are hypothesized to be a source of this uncertainty, and their influence on TC frequency is investigated. By exchanging atmospheric radiation anomalies between two atmospheric models with opposite TC frequency responses to uniform sea surface warming, the largest model discrepancy occurs in the western North Pacific. The discrepancy is caused by prescribed positive radiation anomalies leading to anomalous large-scale ascent and an increase in TC frequency, while prescribed negative radiation anomalies lead to anomalous large-scale descent and a decrease in TC frequency. The model spread in TC frequency response is approximated by the model spread in the frequency response of pre-TC vortices, which is explained by changes in the large-scale circulation using a downscaling formula known as the seed propensity index. The index is further generalized to predict the influence of large-scale radiation anomalies on TC seed frequency. The results show that model spread in TC and seed frequency response can be reduced when constraining the large-scale radiation anomalies.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Kuntala Lahiri-Dutt, Emily Crawford, Jonathan Ratcliffe, Michael Rose
Summary: This paper discusses the conflicts between large- and small-scale mining in Mongolia, highlighting the critical role of mining in Mongolia's international relations and foreign investment, as well as the chain of economic, social, and environmental causes and effects at work in the diversification of herders into mining activities. Despite rapid changes in Mongolia due to neoliberal policies, privatization, and deepening wealth disparities, notions of social justice remain rooted in socialist ethics.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Chao Zhang, ChongXiao Yuan, Quanyao Zhu, Huajun Sun
Summary: In this study, large-scale PVDF/PZT@UP composite films were fabricated through an extrusion-casting process to enhance piezoelectric properties. The introduction of PZT@UP particles improved the dielectric permittivity and polarization of PVDF, resulting in improved piezoelectric properties. The addition of PZT@UP particles also improved the mechanical modulus stability of the composite films. The extrusion-casting process combined with modified fillers shows promising potential in improving wear and tear and electricity generation of PVDF-based composite films.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Song Wang, Chetan Bansal, Nachiappan Nagappan
Summary: This study leverages change intent to characterize and identify changes with a large review effort, exploring the feasibility of automatically classifying them. Results show that code changes with certain intents are more likely to require a large review effort, and machine learning prediction models can effectively identify such changes. The study suggests that considering change intent can significantly improve the performance of prediction models for large review effort changes.
INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Stephanie M. van Rooden, Olov Aspevall, Elena Carrara, Sophie Gubbels, Anders Johansson, Jean-Christophe Lucet, Siddharth Mookerjee, Zaira R. Palacios-Baena, Elisabeth Presterl, Evelina Tacconelli, Mohamed Abbas, Michael Behnke, Petra Gastmeier, Maaike S. M. van Mourik
Summary: Strict governance is essential in surveillance networks, especially when manual decisions are replaced by algorithms and routine-care data is reused. Key considerations for AS networks include participation and inclusion, trust in data quality, accountability, and transparency. Involvement of stakeholders and legal specialists early in AS network development is crucial for endorsement and compliance.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Thomas P. Higginbottom, Roshan Adhikari, Ralitza Dimova, Sarah Redicker, Timothy Foster
Summary: The study reveals that only 16% of the proposed irrigated area is being delivered in 79 irrigation schemes across sub-Saharan Africa, with 25% delivering over 80% and 20% completely inactive. The findings are attributed to low economic viability, excessive optimism, and inadequate central bureaucratic systems in irrigation development.
NATURE SUSTAINABILITY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Guangbin Lei, Ainong Li, Jinhu Bian, Amin Naboureh, Zhengjian Zhang, Xi Nan
Summary: This study proposes a simple and practical unsupervised change detection method based on multi-indices and bitemporal remote sensing image pairs (USCD-MiBi) to automatically extract land use/cover change (LUCC). The method integrates single-index change analysis, multi-index change analysis, and bitemporal change analysis to identify potential change regions and remove false changes caused by atmospheric conditions and phenology inconsistencies. The USCD-MiBi method demonstrates high accuracy in detecting LUCC in different regions.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Qiyao Han, Greg Keeffe
Summary: The study in Greater Manchester, UK, found that planting trees in private gardens and streets can improve the spatial patterns of forest migration by acting as stepping stones for bird movement across the urban landscape. Establishing large woodlands in public areas enhances the probability of forest migration between urban woodlands by providing population hubs. The effectiveness of urban afforestation is heavily influenced by tree spatial arrangement and local bird species characteristics.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chengxiang Zhuge, Mike Bithell, Chunfu Shao, Xia Li, Jian Gao
Summary: This paper improves the performance of integrating activity-based models with dynamic traffic assignment through adjustments in model-replanning and time stepping using MATSim as an example. Empirical results suggest that the proposed methods can significantly decrease computing time and enhance model accuracy.
Article
Immunology
Eyad Qunaibi, Iman Basheti, Mohamed Soudy, Iyad Sultan
Summary: This study evaluated COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and perceived barriers among Arabic-speaking HCWs worldwide. Results showed significant hesitancy rates among HCWs in and outside Arab countries, with the highest rates in western Arab states. Common reasons for hesitancy included concerns about side effects and distrust in vaccine production and healthcare policies.