Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Fatemeh Heiran, Javad Khodaei-Mehr, Ramin Vatankhah, Mojtaba Sharifi
Summary: The paper introduces a nonlinear adaptive control method for adjusting drug dosage in renal transplant recipients with HCMV infection to maintain immune response within a reasonable range and reduce rejection risk. The controller design incorporates adaptation laws to address uncertainties and ensure robustness across different clinical scenarios, confirmed by numerical simulations and application of Lyapunov stability theorem.
BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Noufe H. Aljahdaly, Nouf A. Almushaity
Summary: This paper presents a diffusive cancer model with virotherapy and an immune response, and investigates its properties and analytical solutions. The relative immune cell killing rate is found to be controlled by the viral burst size. The increasing diffusion of the activated immune system leads to an increase in uninfected cells. The model can be used to study the combination of immunotherapy and virotherapy.
Article
Mathematics
Araceli Gago-Arias, Sara Neira, Filippo Terragni, Juan Pardo-Montero
Summary: A mechanistic biomathematical model of molecular radiotherapy for thyroid disease was presented, incorporating differential equations to describe the dynamics of different cell populations and treatment response indicators. The model comes in two flavors for fitting population data and investigating tumor control probabilities and treatment individualization strategies. Simple individualization strategies based on absorbed dose and tumor radiosensitivity show potential for improving tumor control probabilities.
Article
Biology
Ericka Mochan, T. J. Sego, Bard Ermentrout
Summary: Age-induced dysregulation of the immune response is a major contributor to the increased morbidity and mortality related to influenza virus infections. We developed a model to simulate the immune response to pandemic H1N1 infection in old hosts, and found that the severity of infection in elderly hosts is caused by dysregulation in the innate immune response. We also observed that T cell exhaustion has more severe effects in the elderly population, as their dysregulated immune response cannot easily compensate for exhausted T cells. Furthermore, we explored a therapeutic approach to reversing T cell exhaustion through controlled inflammatory stimulation.
BULLETIN OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Orestes Lopez-Ortega, Nidia Carolina Moreno-Corona, Victor Javier Cruz-Holguin, Luis Didier Garcia-Gonzalez, Addy Cecilia Helguera-Repetto, Mirza Romero-Valdovinos, Haruki Arevalo-Romero, Leticia Cedillo-Barron, Moises Leon-Juarez
Summary: The current obesity pandemic is expanding with factors such as infections, adipose tissue function, and immune system exacerbation playing a role. There may be a relationship between infection triggering an increase in adipose cells leading to obesity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Talal Alzahrani
Summary: The study presents a new spatio-temporal within-host mathematical model of COVID-19, which considers the dynamics of virus infection at a cellular level. Through numerical investigations, the model performance is evaluated against baseline scenarios for viral infection, and sensitivity analysis is conducted to observe its validity compared to clinical outcomes.
Article
Mathematics
Dmitry Grebennikov, Antonina Karsonova, Marina Loguinova, Valentina Casella, Andreas Meyerhans, Gennady Bocharov
Summary: A mathematical model of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection has been developed and calibrated using data from human challenge studies. The model helps us understand the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and predict patient infectivity.
Article
Virology
Ela Guo, Hana M. Dobrovolny
Summary: Oncolytic adenoviruses (OAds) show promise in cancer treatment due to their selective infection and lysis of tumor cells and their ability to stimulate the immune response. Using an ordinary differential equation (ODE) model, this study parameterizes previous research on the effect of genetically re-engineered OAds in inhibiting tumor growth in murine models of A549 lung cancer tumors. The findings suggest that an immune response plays a crucial role in eliminating the tumor, and OAds with high infection rates and low viral clearance rates may be more effective in delaying tumor growth.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ziyue Yuan, Salihu Sabiu Musa, Shu-Chien Hsu, Clara Man Cheung, Daihai He
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of gathering restrictions and quarantine policies based on a modified SEIHR model to study the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in Hong Kong. The results showed that the disease cannot be eliminated even if the basic reproduction number is less than 1. The study also identified the most sensitive parameters that affect the overall dynamics.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kim Thomsen, Niels Hoiby, Peter Ostrup Jensen, Oana Ciofu, Claus Moser
Summary: Biofilm infections are resistant to host responses and antibiotics. The host immune response plays a crucial role in the outcome and exacerbation of chronic infections. In chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infections, antibody response and Th1/Th2 imbalance have been associated with a worse outcome.
Article
Mathematics
Azhar Iqbal Kashif Butt, Muhammad Imran, Brett A. McKinney, Saira Batool, Hassan Aftab
Summary: This article proposes a new mathematical model for dengue and malaria co-infection, aiming to better understand disease dynamics and develop more efficient control strategies. The study finds that personal precautions and vector population reduction through spraying are the most effective control methods.
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Lingli Zhou, Fengqing Fu, Yao Wang, Ling Yang
Summary: This paper utilizes a qualitative mathematical model to study the dynamics of immune responses. The simulation results demonstrate the processes of pathological immune responses and explain how the interaction of feedback loops leads to different types of immune responses. The stability analyses reveal the mechanism of rapid immune system activation and the importance of a balance between positive and negative regulation loops in preventing pathological responses. The study also explores how treatment can restore the immune system from a pathological state to a healthy state. Ultimately, this paper provides a better understanding of the dynamics of different immune response processes.
MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Biology
Ya-Lang Huang, Ming-Ting Huang, Pei-Shan Sung, Teh-Ying Chou, Ruey-Bing Yang, An-Suei Yang, Chung-Ming Yu, Yu-Wen Hsu, Wei-Chiao Chang, Shie-Liang Hsieh
Summary: Ya-Lang Huang et al. report a mechanism for TLR3-mediated signaling after immune simulation and influenza virus infection by way of the co-receptor CLEC18A. This study found that a single amino acid change in CLEC18A(S339R) can enhance the production of type I and type III interferons to suppress viral replication, and increase mice survival rate after flu infection infection.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Sasha E. Larsen, Brittany D. Williams, Maham Rais, Rhea N. Coler, Susan L. Baldwin
Summary: Despite years of research, the immune correlates of protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) are still not fully understood. Recent studies have expanded the investigation to include other immune players and their role in infection or disease prevention.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Yu Liu, Xiaolin Lin, Jianquan Li
Summary: This study introduces a delayed HIV infection model that incorporates virus-to-cell infection, cell-to-cell transmission, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte immune response. After demonstrating the nonnegativity and boundedness of solutions, the research further analyzes the local asymptotic stability of steady states and explores optimal control strategies involving antiretroviral therapy and pharmacological delay. Numerical simulations using Matlab and Lingo verify the stability of steady states and demonstrate the effects of control on cell concentration.
MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN THE APPLIED SCIENCES
(2021)
